Feature Channels: All Journal News

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Inside of Science Hall at Canisius University sits the Institute of Autism Research, also known as the IAR. The institute's work is dedicated to understanding autism and helping individuals and families affected by autism.

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Studies from multiple UChicago experts show that while GLP-1RA drugs are extremely effective for weight loss and Type 2 diabetes treatment, there's no one-size-fits-all solution and physicians and patients have to consider issues like cost and side effects.

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Bacteriophages are the most common biological entities in microbial communities, but it has been challenging to study their biology. As a result, the genomes of most phages contain many genes of unknown function. In this study, researchers developed a new CRISPR-based technology to reduce the activity of genes in phages to determine if those genes are essential.

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Healthcare teams and researchers have documented an increase in mental health issues since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. UChicago experts explore these trends and discuss how biological and societal factors alike can contribute.

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Researchers used a machine learning model to predict personalized oxygenation targets. Data analysis revealed that mortality rates were lower for patients who received the oxygen level predicted to be most beneficial for them.

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Patients with Cushing’s syndrome who are recovering from surgery and wear a headband that tracks brain activity while they meditate may have less pain and better physical functioning compared with patients not using the device, suggests a study being presented Monday at ENDO 2024, the Endocrine Society’s annual meeting in Boston, Mass.

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The type of weight loss surgery women undergo before becoming pregnant may affect how much weight their children gain in the first three years of life, suggests a study being presented Monday at ENDO 2024, the Endocrine Society’s annual meeting in Boston, Mass.

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Some women who experience menopause early—before age 40—have an increased risk for developing breast and ovarian cancer, according to research being presented Monday at ENDO 2024, the Endocrine Society’s annual meeting in Boston, Mass.

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Exposure to some endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) that harm the thyroid gland has increased over the past 20 years among U.S. women of childbearing age and pregnant women, especially among those with lower social and economic status, a new study finds. The results will be presented Monday at ENDO 2024, the Endocrine Society’s annual meeting in Boston, Mass.

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LA JOLLA, CA—Scientists at La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI) have developed a new computational method for linking molecular marks on our DNA to gene activity. Their work may help researchers connect genes to the molecular “switches” that turn them on or off. This research, published in Genome Biology, is an important step toward harnessing machine learning approaches to better understand links between gene expression and disease development.

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New research from the University of Washington published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, shows how “microinclusions” — brief instances of positive treatment, especially from members of the dominant group — help women feel valued at work.

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In work supported by the Q-NEXT quantum center, a Stanford University group digs into diamond to find the source of its apparently temperamental nature when it comes to emitting quantum signals, widening a path for building quantum networks and sensors.

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A novel immunotherapy approach developed by Ludwig Cancer Research scientists employs a two-pronged attack against solid tumors to boost the immune system’s ability to target and eliminate cancer cells.

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Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have paired cutting edge statistical data science with machine learning to yield a better pathway to recovery for spine surgery patients.

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Based on an analysis of data from a regional cancer center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute researchers calculate that, nationwide, cancer care that utilizes telehealth and local care would generate 33.1% less greenhouse gas emissions than the traditional model of in-person care. Study published in JAMA Oncology.

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Researchers at the Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center and the IU School of Medicine have discovered that Black patients with breast cancer who are treated with a chemotherapy called docetaxel experience less of a harmful side effect called peripheral neuropathy. Their findings represent an important shift in knowledge about a patient population who've historically been underrepresented in breast cancer research.

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Chemists at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory, Stony Brook University (SBU), and their collaborators have uncovered new details of the reversible assembly and disassembly of a platinum catalyst. The new understanding may offer clues to the catalyst's stability and recyclability.

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When white blood cells, meant to protect the body from infection, are overly activated, they eject their DNA into nets, further disrupting the immune system and making patients more likely to develop a potentially severe reaction to immunotherapy.

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A new study by researchers at the Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine reveals that the popular diabetes and weight-loss drugs Wegovy and Ozempic are linked to reduced incidence and recurrence of alcohol abuse or dependence.

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In a landmark advancement for precision manufacturing, the latest breakthroughs in magnetorheological (MR) polishing technology are set to transform the industry. This innovative approach utilizes MR fluids, propelling surface quality and accuracy to new levels and meeting the rigorous demands of sectors like aerospace, electronics, and healthcare.

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Healthy adults under the age of 75 are unlikely to benefit from taking more than the daily intake of vitamin D recommended by the Institutes of Medicine (IOM) and do not require testing for vitamin D levels, according to a new Clinical Practice Guideline issued today by the Endocrine Society.

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A cutting-edge review explores the convergence of three-dimensional (3D) printing and peptide self-assembly, unveiling a new era in biomanufacturing. This technology paves the way for creating sophisticated biomaterials, advancing the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

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In an era where coral reef ecosystems worldwide are under significant threat, the ability to accurately monitor and assess their health is more crucial than ever. This latest research introduces sophisticated deep learning models to enhance the precision and speed of coral reef imaging analyses, paving the way for more effective conservation strategies.

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Although diet is the leading contributor to premature death from heart disease in the United States, fewer than one-quarter of people who undergo major heart events receive dietary counseling in the aftermath, a study finds. The reason for such a low rate, researchers suggest, may be a lack of time for providing the counseling or expertise in this area by clinicians.

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A cutting-edge machine learning model has been developed to predict soil organic carbon (SOC) levels, a critical factor for soil health and crop productivity. The innovative approach utilizes hyperspectral data to identify key spectral bands, offering a more precise and efficient method for assessing soil quality and supporting sustainable agricultural practices.

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A recent study unveils the geographical features and development models of global estuarine cities. These cities, situated at the confluences of rivers and oceans, exhibit unique ecological and socioeconomic characteristics.

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An international research team around Marcus Sperling, a researcher at the Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, has sparked interest in the scientific community with pioneering results in quantum physics: In their current study, the researchers reinterpret the Higgs mechanism, which gives elementary particles mass and triggers phase transitions, using the concept of "magnetic quivers."

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Korean joint research team have elucidated the overexpression of estrogen signaling pathways in specific Korean never-smoking lung cancer cases using multi-omics analysis and proposed the anti-cancer drug saracatinib as a targeted therapeutic agent.

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Metformin is safe to use during pregnancy to manage diabetes, with no long-term adverse effects on the children born and their mothers for at least 11 years after childbirth, according to research presented Sunday at ENDO 2024, the Endocrine Society’s annual meeting in Boston, Mass. This is the first study to look at longer term effects of metformin use during pregnancy.

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High insulin levels contribute to worse outcomes for Black women compared to white women who have an aggressive form of breast cancer called triple-negative breast cancer, according to a study presented Sunday at ENDO 2024, the Endocrine Society’s annual meeting in Boston, Mass.

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Exposure to increased neighborhood violence has the power to change the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) for the stress hormone, cortisol, which may influence the aggressiveness of lung cancer, according to data presented Sunday at ENDO 2024, the Endocrine Society’s annual meeting in Boston, Mass.

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Older women with low bone density are more likely to experience their first hip fracture in their 60s compared to older ages, according to research being presented Sunday at ENDO 2024, the Endocrine Society’s annual meeting in Boston, Mass.

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A novel male contraceptive gel combining two hormones, segesterone acetate (named Nestorone) and testosterone, suppresses sperm production faster than similar experimental hormone-based methods for male birth control, according to a new study.

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Women experiencing moderate-to-severe vasomotor symptoms face a three times greater risk for metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) compared to those with mild symptom severity, according to research being presented Monday at ENDO 2024, the Endocrine Society’s annual meeting in Boston, Mass.

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Men who illicitly used steroids to boost muscle size and physical performance and have stopped in the past year have impaired sexual function compared with men currently using steroids, according to a study being presented Sunday at ENDO 2024, the Endocrine Society’s annual meeting in Boston, Mass.

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Almost one out of five breast cancer survivors may experience weight gain of more than 10%, suggests a study presented Monday at ENDO 2024, the Endocrine Society’s annual meeting in Boston, Mass. A number of factors are associated with excessive weight gain, the researchers found.

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A new “armored” form of CAR T cell therapy may be able to help patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma whose cancers do not respond to currently available CAR T cell therapies. The Phase I clinical trial was presented at the 2024 ASCO Annual Meeting.

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A new, large study led by researchers at the American Cancer Society (ACS) shows adults sticking to an exercise program of 15 or more metabolic equivalent hours (MET) of physical activity per week (300 or more minutes of moderate activity or 150 or more minutes of vigorous activity) decreased their risk for cancer, including obesity-related cancers, compared with no intervention.

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People under age 50 have a greater risk for heart attack or stroke if they’ve lived with obesity for 10 years, according to industry-sponsored research being presented Saturday at ENDO 2024, the Endocrine Society’s annual meeting in Boston, Mass.

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Having medical conditions linked to obesity does not impact the total weight loss achieved with the anti-obesity medication tirzepatide, according to an industry-supported study being presented Saturday at ENDO 2024, the Endocrine Society’s annual meeting in Boston, Mass.

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The type of estrogen in hormonal birth control may influence anxiety-like behaviors, according to data presented by Abigail Hegwood, M.S., from the Prakapenka Lab at ENDO 2024, the Endocrine Society’s annual meeting in Boston, Mass.

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Children who are sedentary for more than six waking hours a day have a significantly increased risk of severe fatty liver disease and liver cirrhosis by young adulthood, a new study finds. The research findings will be presented Saturday at ENDO 2024, the Endocrine Society’s annual meeting in Boston, Mass and published in Nature’s npj Gut and Liver.

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University of Chicago researchers evaluated text from over 15,000 ASCO Annual Meeting abstracts from 2021 to 2023 and found that there were approximately twice as many abstracts containing AI content in 2023 compared to 2021 and 2022.

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The cardiovascular ICU at the University of Mississippi Medical Center developed a simulation training program to improve clinicians’ ability to recognize clinical signs that would prompt an emergency ICU sternotomy for a postoperative cardiac surgery patient and rehearse the high-risk but infrequent procedure.

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Announcement of contents of the June 2024 issue of Neurosurgical Focus