Feature Channels: Digestive Disorders

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The latest research and expert commentary on pain management.

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The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center’s Research Highlights provides a glimpse into recent basic, translational and clinical cancer research from MD Anderson experts. This special edition features upcoming oral presentations by MD Anderson researchers at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress 2022 focused on clinical advances across a variety of cancer types. Highlights include promising early data from a novel T cell therapy for solid tumors, targeted therapy progress in rare and advanced cancers, biomarkers of immunotherapy response, and features associated with clinical outcomes in leptomeningeal disease. More information on ESMO content from MD Anderson can be found at MDAnderson.org/ESMO.

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The September issue of AJG highlights new clinical science, including a potential therapy to improve IBS-C symptoms, reintroduction of infliximab for Crohn’s disease, and population-based data to examine incidence and mortality of certain GI and hepatology diseases.

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The University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Division of Digestive Health and Liver Diseases shines not only for its commitment to patient care and published research, but also as a beacon for advancing the careers of female physicians. The division is celebrating the latter during September, which is the American Medical Association’s National Women in Medicine Month.

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The latest research on plants brought to you by Newswise.

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The latest research and expert commentary on the monkeypox outbreak.

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The dietary supplement chlorophyllin alleviates inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, according to researchers.

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The American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) Foundation, the largest medical society supporter of liver disease research and training in the United States, today announced its combined investment of over $1.5 million in Research and Career Development Awards, Abstract Awards, Emerging Liver Scholars (ELS) Program for medical residents and its new Emerging Liver Advanced Practice Provider (APP) Program. The 2022 award recipients — selected from a highly competitive applicant pool — demonstrate both exceptional aptitude and deep interest in liver disease research and treatment. Their work will further advance the mission of the AASLD Foundation and hepatology as a medical specialty.

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In a new University of California, Irvine-led study, researchers define how the circadian clock influences cell growth, metabolism and tumor progression. Their research also reveals how disruption of the circadian clock impacts genome stability and mutations that can further drive critical tumor promoting pathways in the intestine.

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In mouse studies, UC San Diego researchers find that excess alcohol consumption alters gut microbiome but latter is not directly or significantly linked to liver disease.

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Researchers assessing the accuracy of star ratings for the Nursing Home Care Compare system found the number and severity of pressure ulcers in patients was underreported, thus questioning the reliability of the self-reported data on patient safety measures.

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The Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University has researched and replicated “hydroxy-xanthones”, the vital extracts rich in antioxidants found in mangosteen peels that kill germs and halt infections in the intestinal mucosa. It hopes to expand to include health products for humans and animals in the future.

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The August issue of The American Journal of Gastroenterology highlights new clinical science, including a brand new ACG clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with gastroparesis.

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UC San Diego researchers report using native bacteria in mice as the chassis for delivering transgenes capable of inducing persistent and potentially even curative therapeutic changes in the gut and reversing disease pathologies.

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Cleveland Clinic has appointed Michelle Kang Kim, M.D., Ph.D., as chair of the Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition with Cleveland Clinic’s Digestive Disease & Surgery Institute. Dr. Kim’s will start Aug. 1. She will succeed Miguel Regueiro, M.D., who has served as interim chair of the department since May 2021, following his appointment as chair of Cleveland Clinic’s Digestive Disease & Surgery Institute.

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Chemicals produced in the digestive tract by gut microbes after eating red meat may help explain part of the higher risk of cardiovascular disease associated with red meat consumption, according to new research published today in the American Heart Association’s peer-reviewed journal Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology (ATVB).

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Cells in the gut send secret messages to the immune system. Thanks to new research from La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI) scientists, we can finally get a look at what they're saying.

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The McMaster-Queen’s research team pinpointed the bacterium Klebsiella aerogenes as the key histamine producer by studying germ-free mice colonized with gut microbiota from patients with IBS. They also colonized some mice with gut microbiota from healthy volunteers as a control group. The study found that the bacterium Klebsiella aerogenes converts dietary histidine, an essential amino acid present in animal and plant protein, into histamine, a known mediator of pain.

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The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons has issued updated guidelines for physicians, published in Diseases of the Colon & Rectum, about how to treat problems of the anus and rectum called anorectal abscess, anal fistula, and rectovaginal fistula. The journal is published in the Lippincott portfolio by Wolters Kluwer.

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A study authored by researchers at Quest Diagnostics and presented at ASM Microbe on June 9-12th 2022 in Washington, D.C. provides evidence that the Techcyte technology aids in the detection of intestinal protozoa.

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“I think for me, what I find most interesting about rectal cancer is the multidisciplinary and individualized care and a new trend in treatment to offer organ preservation instead of surgery in selected patients,” she said. “I love surgery, but I also know the consequences of doing surgery. I saw UNM was also interested in this treatment strategy that might be more beneficial for some patients and I wanted to be in a cancer center where I could offer that approach.”

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ESTIMADA MAYO CLINIC: Me diagnosticaron con un caso leve de síndrome del intestino irritable y hablé con el médico acerca de cómo controlar los síntomas sin medicamentos.

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尊敬的妙佑医疗国际：我经诊断患有轻微的肠易激综合征，并与医生讨论了如何在不使用药物的情况下控制我的症状。我有意尝试通过更加注重饮食来控制病情。请问有什么我需要注意的事项？另外，药物是我控制症状的唯一方法吗？

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ESTIMADA MAYO CLINIC: Recebi o diagnóstico de síndrome do intestino irritável com sintomas leves e conversei com meu médico sobre como controlar meus sintomas sem medicação. Tenho interesse em me concentrar mais na dieta para controlar minha condição.

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The July issue of The American Journal of Gastroenterology highlights new clinical science including using a smartphone app to assess stool form, rural-urban disparities in cirrhosis mortality, and lung infection risk in severe alcohol-related hepatitis. This issue also includes articles on pediatric IBD, therapy options for Crohn’s disease, a novel endoscopic suturing device, proton pump inhibitors, and more.

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Cleveland Clinic has successfully performed a first-in-the-world full multi-organ transplant to treat a patient with a rare form of appendix cancer called pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP). Upon completion of the lifesaving transplant surgery, the patient received five digestive organs.

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Using artificial intelligence, UT Southwestern researchers have discovered a new family of sensing genes in enteric bacteria that are linked by structure and probably function, but not genetic sequence. The findings, published in PNAS, offer a new way of identifying the role of genes in unrelated species and could lead to new ways to fight intestinal bacterial infections.

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A new Cleveland Clinic study has identified geographic patterns of high and low mortality rates of young-onset colorectal cancer (yoCRC) in the United States, according to a research letter published in Gastroenterology. The findings will contribute to improved understanding of the underlying drivers of yoCRC mortality and may help to guide policy discussions surrounding screening guidelines and region-specific interventions.

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South Florida counties have above-average rates of mortality from gastric cancer, according to a new study published in the journal Gastroenterology by investigators at Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine.

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A síndrome da COVID longa, também conhecida como pós-COVID, é mais que cansaço e falta de ar. Sintomas como dores de cabeça, confusão mental e zumbido nos ouvidos foram relatados e, recentemente, os médicos estão atendendo mais pacientes com problemas gastrointestinais.

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El síndrome de COVID prolongada, también conocido como síndrome poscovid, es más que sentir cansancio y falta de aire. Se ha informado también sobre síntomas como dolores de cabeza, bruma mental, tintineo en los oídos y, últimamente, los médicos ven más pacientes con problemas gastrointestinales.

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Afzal A. Siddiqui, Ph.D., director of the Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease and chair of the Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology at the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, began his quest to develop a schistosomiasis vaccine in 1991. With funding from the National Institutes of Allergies and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Thrasher Foundation, he began conducting bench studies and pre-clinical development of what was known as the Sm-p80/GLA-SE schistosomiasis vaccine, which would eventually be branded SchistoShield®.

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Here are some of the latest articles that have been added to the Aging channel on Newswise, a free source for journalists.

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Researchers discuss their findings in an expert panel.

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In a special Food as Medicine issue of The American Journal of Gastroenterology, Co-Editors-in-Chief Jasmohan S. Bajaj, MD, MS, FACG, and Millie D. Long, MD, MPH, FACG, have selected clinical studies, analyses, and reviews that aim to acknowledge the role of diet in disease management and prevention.

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A review of studies about the effect of food insecurity on digestive diseases found a dearth of information, even as diet can often be both a direct cause of and a solution for many gastrointestinal conditions.

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A Roundup of the Latest Medical Discoveries and Faculty News at Cedars-Sinai

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An international team led by a University of Toronto researcher has found that an antibody detectable in blood predicts severe Crohn’s disease and is detectable up to seven years prior to disease diagnosis.

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Colonoscopies performed with artificial intelligence saw an increase in the overall rate of detection of adenoma, or cancerous and precancerous polyps, according to new data presented at the 2022 Digestive Disease Week Annual Meeting.