A drug that modulates the placenta’s normal barrier to infection protects the fetus from Zika infection, according to a study of pregnant mice from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. The drug is already used in pregnant women to treat malaria.
The University of Notre Dame has announced a collaboration with Mayo Clinic, the Belize Ministry of Health and the Belize Vector and Ecology Center aimed at strengthening the country’s ability to respond to Zika virus and other arboviruses.
Researchers at New Mexico State University have received a second contract from the New Mexico Department of Health to expand last summer’s project to map the geographic distribution of mosquitoes that can carry the Zika virus in the state. The first study found the mosquitoes are located in urban areas in southern New Mexico.
Summer colds might seem rare, but you’re actually just as likely to catch one in the summer as in the winter. Why?
A recent discovery by Cornell University researchers could lead to a new, effective treatment for persistent tuberculosis infections.
Overuse of antibiotics can cause problems for both individual patients and the general population. That’s why it’s important to take them only for true bacterial infections.
Researchers from Duke University School of Medicine and Tulane National Primate Research Center report findings in monkeys that demonstrates a CMV vaccine approach that appears to be capable of protecting the animal’s fetus from infection.
Advancements in antiretroviral therapy (ART) have allowed people living with HIV/AIDS to maintain a quality of life similar to those without HIV infection. Medication adherence is key, however, as non-adherence to ART can lead to poorer HIV suppression, decreased CD4 cell count, and an increased risk for antiretroviral drug resistance. Prior research has shown that alcohol use is common among persons living with HIV/AIDS, and that the rate of current heavy drinking may be almost double that of the general population. This study examined whether “at-risk” alcohol use – defined as more than three drinks per day for women and more than four drinks per day for men – was associated with ART non-adherence among persons living with HIV/AIDS.
Antimicrobial resistance is a growing problem, as some infections that used to be easily cured are now immune to even our most powerful antibiotics.
Researchers from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania have found evidence that the most difficult C. difficile cases, known as multiple recurring C. difficile infections (mrCDI), are rapidly becoming more common.
A gel aimed at preventing HIV, which is being trialled in Africa, is only used by women with their male partner’s approval.
Scientists from the University of Birmingham and Norwich Research Park have discovered a link between a major mechanism of antibiotic resistance and resistance to the disinfectant triclosan which is commonly found in domestic products.
Use insect repellent and wear protective clothing when we’re outside in the evening— even when it doesn’t feel like mosquitoes are biting. It’s West Nile Virus season!
Scientists have solved the structure of a protein that helps a common respiratory virus evade the immune system. The team, led by researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, have identified critical parts of the protein that could be targeted with drugs or vaccines, opening up the possibility of preventing or treating an infection that sickens thousands of babies and elderly people every year.
• Most bloodstream infections in dialysis patients continue to occur in those with central venous catheters used to access their blood. The findings come from 2014 data from US dialysis facilities. • Staphylococcus aureus was the most commonly isolated pathogen that caused bloodstream infections, and in many cases they were antibiotic-resistant.
New multicenter research, which included Vanderbilt University Medical Center investigators, could change treatment approaches to simple skin abscesses, infections often caused by Staphylococcus aureus (staph) bacteria.
1Data is a collaborative project that establishes a new standard for analyzing human and animal health information. Researchers will create the next generation of approaches to curing or mitigating human and animal diseases.
Using nanotechnology, image processing tools and statistical analysis, Technion researchers have developed a system that enables faster diagnostics, earlier and more effective treatment of infectious bacteria, and improved patient recovery times.
A new antiviral drug candidate inhibits a broad range of coronaviruses, including the SARS and MERS coronaviruses, a multi-institutional team of investigators reports this week in Science Translational Medicine. The findings support further development of the drug candidate for treating and preventing current coronavirus infections and potential future epidemic outbreaks.
Authorities in Florida and Brazil recently released thousands of mosquitoes infected with a bacterium called Wolbachia in an effort to curb Zika outbreaks. Find out how Wolbachia neutralizes insects.
A quarter of countries in sub-Saharan Africa receive very little funding for research into malaria despite having high malaria-related death rates, according to a new study led by the University of Southampton
Mitochondrial diseases are a diverse group of disorders caused by mutated genes that impair energy production in a patient’s cells, often with severe effects. Patients incur high medical costs when hospitalized, and suffer higher-than-typical rates of comorbid diseases and in-hospital mortality. Researchers who analyzed those costs in national databases say their findings underscore the importance of developing preventive strategies and therapies for these illnesses.
A National Institutes of Health-funded study led by a team at the Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University has shown that an influenza vaccine can produce robust immune responses and be administered safely with an experimental patch of dissolving microneedles.
University of Warwick expertise is contributing to a world-first £1.5million study aiming to tackle one of the biggest public health threats we face – antibiotic resistance.
Scientists at the University of Wisconsin-Madison Morgridge Institute for Research have, for the first time, imaged molecular structures vital to how a major class of viruses replicates within infected cells.
Acute and chronic infections in a person’s upper gastrointestinal tract appear to be linked to Parkinson’s disease, say scientists at Georgetown University Medical Center and their collaborators at the National Institutes of Health and other institutions.
St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital discovery of the mechanism of T cell exhaustion will lead to treatments to enhance immunotherapies against cancers and such viruses as HIV
A streamlined and integrated method of tracking medical records called a laboratory health information exchange narrowed the gap in anti-retroviral therapy and viral suppression between HIV-positive blacks and whites.
A pair of scientists at The University of Texas at El Paso is one step closer to developing the first ever clinical Chagas disease vaccine. Researchers Rosa Maldonado, Ph.D., and Igor Almeida, Ph.D., both faculty in the Department of Biological Sciences, recently were granted a patent for “Mucin-Associated Surface Protein As Vaccine Against Chagas Disease.”
An international team of scientists including the Computation Institute has determined the 3-D atomic structures of more than 1,000 proteins that are potential targets for drugs and vaccines to combat some of the world’s most dangerous emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases.
“Yarraman flu is a virus quickly infecting the US…” The mock announcement was enough to make readers worry. But when the name of the hypothetical illness was changed to “horse flu”, readers reported being less motivated to get a vaccine that would prevent them from contracting the illness. Based on a survey of 16,510 participants from 11 countries, the findings show that the way health information is communicated, matters. The multi-institutional investigation appeared in Emerging Infectious Diseases.
After several people in New York City were diagnosed with Legionnaire’s disease in less than two weeks, an expert at New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine (NYITCOM) urges people to take caution.
New research shows E. coli may not be the best indicator of recent fecal pollution because it can survive and proliferate in beach sand. Using it as a warning sign to close beaches may result in more closings than are actually needed.
Southern Research scientists are investigating how the Zika virus is able to find a safe harbor in an infected host’s tissue and stage a rebound weeks after the virus was seemingly cleared by the immune system.
The National Institutes of Health has renewed a major grant that funds a University of Washington-led research center to understand malaria in India.
For decades, HIV has successfully evaded all efforts to create an effective vaccine but researchers at The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) and the La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology (LJI) are steadily inching closer. Their latest study, published in the current issue of Immunity, demonstrates that optimizing the mode and timing of vaccine delivery is crucial to inducing a protective immune response in a preclinical model.
UT Southwestern scientists who created a powerful analytic weapon in the fight against cancer and infectious diseases are making that tool available for free via a web-based portal.
The use of topical antibiotics can dramatically alter communities of bacteria that live on the skin, while the use of antiseptics has a much smaller, less durable impact. The study, conducted in mice in the laboratory of Elizabeth Grice, PhD, an assistant professor of Dermatology in the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, is the first to show the long-term effects of antimicrobial drugs on the skin microbiome.
One in three people has a potentially nasty parasite hiding inside their body -- tucked away in tiny cysts that the immune system can’t eliminate and antibiotics can’t touch. But new research reveals clues about how to stop it: Interfere with its digestion during this stubborn dormant phase.
Scientists at the University of Notre Dame have found that exposure to just 10 minutes of light at night suppresses biting and manipulates flight behavior in the Anopheles gambiae mosquito, the major vector for transmission of malaria in Africa, according to new research.
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