Rift Valley fever virus and other bunyaviruses may soon be added to the list of viruses denied access to a human host. Sandia National Laboratories researchers have discovered a mechanism by which RVFV hijacks the host machinery to cause infection
What if private companies could obtain some coverage to protect their foreign investments in developing countries against crippling infectious disease outbreaks such as Ebola? The possible path to offering disease outbreak guarantees is an idea being posed by two global health researchers who suggest that a mechanism for establishing such an instrument could be tied to public health investments.
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University of Chicago scientists and their colleagues have developed an innovative computer model of HIV that gives real insight into how a virus “matures” and becomes infective.
The Milken Institute School of Public Health at the George Washington University (Milken Institute SPH) today announced receiving two separate awards for a total of $7 million to study the human microbiome, the collection of bacteria and other microbes that live in and on the human body. The first study, a $3.3 million award from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), will focus on the bacterial ecosystem of the penis and how it may affect an individual’s risk for acquiring an HIV infection. The second study, a $3.7 million award from NIAID, will focus on bacteria living in the human nose with the goal of finding strategies to protect people from dangerous Staph infections.
Cedars-Sinai will play a critical role in bolstering the nation’s front-line defense against Ebola and other highly infectious diseases under a federal grant meant to improve the response to emerging medical threats. The medical center and the California Department of Public Health will share a $3.25-million grant from the federal agency through fiscal year 2019 to strengthen the delivery of specialized emergency medical care.
A model that predicts outbreaks of zoonotic diseases -- those originating in livestock or wildlife such as Ebola and Zika -- based on changes in climate, population growth and land use has been developed by a UCL-led team of researchers.
A model that predicts outbreaks of zoonotic diseases -- those originating in livestock or wildlife such as Ebola and Zika -- based on changes in climate, population growth and land use has been developed by a UCL-led team of researchers.
Since the intestinal microbiome is an important regulator of gut health and immune function, a pediatric surgeon and principal investigator at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles , investigated how surgical treatment of certain pediatric intestinal diseases have a long-term impact on intestinal flora.
Washington, DC (June 13, 2016) —More than 20 million Americans live with kidney diseases. About 650,000 have end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and need dialysis or a transplant to live. Kidney diseases disproportionately affects minority populations; African Americans, Asian Americans, Hispanics, and Native Americans are four times more likely to develop kidney failure, and African Americans in low income neighborhoods are 57 percent less likely to make the transplant list.
In a milestone years in the making, a vaccine to prevent cholera was approved today by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The vaccine, Vaxchora, is the only approved vaccine in the U.S. for protection against cholera. Its licensure allows for use in people traveling to regions in which cholera is common, including travelers, humanitarian aid workers, and the military.
Established Aedes-mosquito population could spread the Zika virus in Europe this summer if infected travelers introduce the virus. An analysis of temperatures, vectorial capacity, basic reproductive number (R0), and air traveler flows suggests parts of Southern Europe may be at risk for Zika outbreaks between June and August. This according to a study, led by Umeå University researchers in Sweden and published in the journal EBioMedicine.
Swimming is synonymous with summer. But more time in water can lead to a painful infection of the external ear canal called swimmer’s ear. Here's how to prevent and treat it.
Hepatitis C testing in the UAB emergency department has discovered 2,436 positive cases since September 2013. Physicians say identifying patients and linking them to therapy is one step to reduce the infection rate locally. The program can also serve as a model that could one day eradicate hepatitis C in the United States if done on a national scale.
By watching brightly glowing HIV-infected immune cells move within mice, researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai have shown how infected immune cells latch onto an uninfected sister cell to directly transmit newly minted viral particles.
Once inside the human body, infectious microbes like Salmonella face a fluid situation. They live in a watery world, surrounded by liquid continually flowing over and abrading their cell surfaces--a property known as fluid shear.
Scientists from Columbia University’s Center for Radiological Research have shown that a narrow wavelength of ultraviolet light safely killed drug-resistant MRSA bacteria in mice, suggesting its potential to reduce surgical site infections.
A pathological and very complex autoimmune reaction of the skin": This is the definition doctors and scientists use to describe psoriasis, a disease that affects one to three percent of the population. It is characterised by accelerated cell division in the upper dermal layers with proliferated skin cells and an inflammation of the skin beneath. Many different cells are involved in the complex processes: skin cells (keratinocytes) and cells of the immune system, among others T lymphocytes, macrophages, mast cells and others.
Diverse antibodies induced in humans by vaccination with an avian influenza virus vaccine may offer broader, more durable protection against multiple strains of influenza than today’s vaccines typically provide, according to a study
A multi-institutional collaboration, including The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, has been awarded a $1.3 million training grant from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) to fund the Biosafety and Infectious Disease Training Initiative.
Sexual transmission of the Ebola virus could have a major impact on the dynamics of the disease, potentially reigniting an outbreak that has been contained by public health interventions, according to research by University of Georgia ecologists just published in the Royal Society journal Biology Letters.
Researchers from the University of Birmingham are working with health partners in Brazil to combat the spread of Zika virus by deploying a pair of mobile DNA sequencing laboratories on a medical ‘road trip’ through the worst-hit areas of the country.
Questions are cropping up about the Summer Games of the XXXI Olympiad, scheduled for Aug. 5 to 21 in Rio de Janeiro. More than 100 doctors, researchers and health experts signed an open letter published June 3 urging the World Health Organization to either move the summer games from Rio de Janeiro or to delay them, saying they are concerned about the Zika virus’ potential impact on global health.
Conventional vaccines indiscriminately destroy bacteria and other disease-causing agents. The approach works, but there is growing concern that it creates opportunity other pathogens to harm the body – similar to antibiotic resistance resulting in new and more potent pathogens. A new, protein-based pneumococcal vaccine takes a different approach. It allows pneumonia-causing bacteria to colonize in the body and – like a nightclub bouncer – swings into action only if the bacteria becomes harmful.
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has found convincing evidence that screening for syphilis infection in asymptomatic, nonpregnant persons at increased risk for infection provides substantial benefit. The report appears in the June 7 issue of JAMA.
A drug, more commonly used in the treatment of angina, could be the focus of a new strategy in fighting the fatal fungal infection cryptococcosis.
To better understand the pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and develop more effective treatments, University of California San Diego researchers examined the Staph “pan-genome” — the genomes of 64 different strains that differ in where they live, the types of hosts they infect and their antibiotic resistance profiles. This effort, published June 6 by PNAS, places all Staph genes into one of two categories: the core genome or the dispensable genome.
A small survey of residents of a Florida Keys neighborhood where officials hope to release genetically modified mosquitos to potentially reduce the threat of mosquito-borne illnesses such as Zika finds a lack of support for the control method, according to new research from former and current students at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
As the Zika virus threat continues to loom, RTI International will host a roundtable discussion about North Carolina’s role in Zika research, prevention, and response June 7 in the Research Triangle Park. Representative David Price (NC-4) will provide opening remarks. The discussion will bring together leading researchers and policy makers to examine the science of Zika, the evolving response, research necessary to confront the virus, and childhood development implications.
Researchers have engineered endogenous protein inhibitors of protein-degrading enzymes as an alternative approach to synthetic inhibitors for potentially treating cancer and other diseases.
A panel of microRNAs from blood samples may predict patients at high risk of developing a common liver cancer from hepatitis B virus infection.
The targeted therapy rucaparib, which has demonstrated robust clinical activity in ovarian cancer patients with a BRCA mutation, also showed promise in previously treated pancreatic cancer patients with the mutation.
University of Leicester study uses phage-based therapy to address growing challenge of CDI
Vaccines are usually medicine’s best defense against the world’s deadliest microbes. However, HIV is so mutable that it has so far effectively evaded both the human immune system and scientists’ attempts to make an effective vaccine to protect against it. Now, researchers have figured out how to make a much-improved research tool that they hope will open the door to new and better HIV vaccine designs.
A UAB physician provides information on risks, recommendations and effects of Zika virus for pregnant women.
Research shows that the human protein, IFITM3, blocks Zika virus replication and prevents cell death.
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The mosquito-borne Zika virus linked to microcephaly and other neurological problems in newborns of affected mothers directly infects the brain progenitor cells destined to become neurons, UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers report in a study published online today in Cell Reports.
“It’s the diarrhea that can kill you,” noted professor emeritus David Francis, an expert on colibacillosis, an intestinal disease that affects newborn and weanling pigs. The toxin-producing E. Coli bacterium that causes the swine disease is similar to the organism responsible for traveler’s diarrhea in humans. Francis will speak at the 24th International Veterinary Conference in Dublin, Ireland, June 7-10.
Each year, influenza causes between 250,000 and half a million deaths around the world. Now a new study has shown that immunizing mothers against flu can decrease by 70 percent the risk of their infants getting flu during the first four months after birth. This is the largest study so far to show that maternal vaccination against flu is feasible and effective in resource-poor environments.
A study led by biomedical researchers at Indiana University has found evidence that an enzyme known as NMNAT2 may help protect against the debilitating effects of certain degenerative brain diseases, including Alzheimer's.
Get the latest research and features in healthcare, including hospital administration, patient care, and health economics in Newswise's Healthcare News Source.
Intestinal stem cells are located in “pockets” in the intestine to avoid contact with a metabolite abundantly produced by normal gut microbes. That metabolite – butyrate – suppresses stem cell proliferation, potentially interfering with the gut’s ability to repair itself after disease or injury.
Researchers at Queen’s University Belfast are to examine DNA samples from 20,000 people with diabetes to help identify the genetic factors in diabetic kidney disease, the leading cause of kidney failure worldwide.
A training program will help approximately 35,000 first responders and workers, whose jobs may expose them to infectious diseases, protect themselves while also minimizing the spread of disease to others.
UAB has received a grant to develop and implement Ebola and infectious disease training to further protect health care and public safety workers.
Brian Balin, PhD, has studied the link between infection and Alzheimer's disease for more than 20 years and offers his thoughts on this growing area of research.
Scientists from the Florida campus of The Scripps Research Institute have for the first time created a drug candidate that attacks and neutralizes the RNA structure that causes an incurable progressive, inherited disease involving a gradual loss of control over body movement.
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