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Released: 19-Jun-2015 11:50 AM EDT
Scientists Identify Amino Acid that Stops Seizures in Mice
Johns Hopkins Medicine

An amino acid whose role in the body has been all but a mystery appears to act as a potent seizure inhibitor in mice, according to a study by researchers at Johns Hopkins.

Released: 19-Jun-2015 9:30 AM EDT
Trending Stories Report for 19 June 2015
Newswise Trends

Topics include: treating advanced skin cancer, big data and bioenergy, cancer research, 10 reasons to eat quinoa, sleep issues in the nursing field, advances in cancer surgery, genes for sleep, brain receptor for cocaine addiction, and nano imaging on insect adaptations.

       
18-Jun-2015 5:05 PM EDT
Drug Improves Cognition in Alzheimer’s Disease-Mouse Model in Spite of Diet
University of Alabama at Birmingham

Long-term administration of a drug that mimics the hunger-signaling hormone ghrelin protected Alzheimer’s disease-model mice from memory deterioration, despite a high-glycemic-index diet.

Released: 18-Jun-2015 12:05 PM EDT
Musicians Don’t Just Hear in Tune, They Also See in Tune
Vanderbilt University

A new experiment shows that auditory melodies can enhance a musician's visual awareness of written music, particularly when the two match.

16-Jun-2015 12:05 PM EDT
TSRI Research Leads to 3D Structures of Key Molecule Implicated in Diseases of the Brain
Scripps Research Institute

Scientists at The Scripps Research Institute have teamed up with several other institutions and pharmaceutical companies, to publish the first 3D structures of a receptor implicated in many diseases of the brain and in normal physiology throughout the body.

Released: 18-Jun-2015 6:05 AM EDT
Brain Receptor Found to Significantly Affect Cocaine Addiction
University at Buffalo

By manipulating the activity of Activin receptors in the brain, researchers were able to increase or decrease cocaine-taking and relapse behavior in animal models. The study focused on receptors in regions of the brain involved in pleasure and reward.

Released: 17-Jun-2015 7:05 PM EDT
Protein Plays Unexpected Role in Embryonic Stem Cells
Salk Institute for Biological Studies

A protein long believed to only guard the nucleus also regulates gene expression and stem cell development

Released: 17-Jun-2015 2:05 PM EDT
Better Clinical Management Improves Quality of Life for Neurofibromatosis Patients
Loyola Medicine

A genetic disorder called neurofibromatosis (NF) causes benign tumors to grow on the brain, spinal cord, and other parts of the nervous system. There are no effective drugs to prevent or reverse NF.

15-Jun-2015 11:05 AM EDT
New Imaging Technique Could Make Brain Tumor Removal Safer, More Effective, Study Suggests
Johns Hopkins Medicine

Brain surgery is famously difficult for good reason: When removing a tumor, for example, neurosurgeons walk a tightrope as they try to take out as much of the cancer as possible while keeping crucial brain tissue intact — and visually distinguishing the two is often impossible. Now Johns Hopkins researchers report they have developed an imaging technology that could provide surgeons with a color-coded map of a patient’s brain showing which areas are and are not cancer.

Released: 17-Jun-2015 12:00 PM EDT
Network Model for Tracking Twitter Memes Sheds Light on Information Spreading in the Brain
Indiana University

An international team of researchers from Indiana University and Switzerland is using data mapping methods created to track the spread of information on social networks to trace its dissemination across a surprisingly different system: the human brain.

15-Jun-2015 10:05 AM EDT
Migraine Community Sees Promise in New Class of Drugs; Studies to be Presented at AHS Meeting
American Headache Society (AHS)

Migraine researchers and clinicians are excited about a new class of drugs called Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) monoclonal antibodies, which are showing promise in preventing attacks in high-frequency episodic migraine and chronic migraine. Numerous studies on these medications are being presented at this week's American Headache Society scientific meeting.

Released: 16-Jun-2015 5:30 PM EDT
Eye’s Motion Detection Sensors Identified
Washington University in St. Louis

Studying mice, scientists at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have identified a neural circuit in the retina that carries signals enabling the eye to detect movement. The finding could help in efforts to build artificial retinas for people who have suffered vision loss.

Released: 16-Jun-2015 2:05 PM EDT
Trending Stories Report for 16 June 2015
Newswise Trends

Trending news releases with the most views in a single day. Topics include: An anonymous donor for cancer research, solar storms and incidences of rheumatoid arthritis, vulnerabilities in genome’s ‘Dimmer Switches’, new treatments for Alzheimer's, How people make decisions for or against flu vaccinations.

       
11-Jun-2015 9:00 AM EDT
Maternal Stress Alters Offspring Gut and Brain through Vaginal Microbiome
Endocrine Society

Changes in the vaginal microbiome are associated with effects on offspring gut microbiota and on the developing brain, according to a new study published in Endocrinology, a journal of the Endocrine Society.

12-Jun-2015 10:05 AM EDT
Mannitol Dosing Errors Made During Transport of Patients to Tertiary Hospitals
Journal of Neurosurgery

Researchers investigated mannitol use before and during transportation of patients with intracranial emergencies from peripheral hospitals to tertiary facilities that house neurosurgery departments. The authors found a 22% dosing error rate, with slightly more patients receiving a dose smaller, rather than larger, than the dose range recommended by the Brain Trauma Foundation.

Released: 15-Jun-2015 5:05 PM EDT
Trending Stories Report for 15 June 2015
Newswise Trends

Trending news releases with the most views in a single day. Topics include: new drug for heart disease, astronomy, sleep, stroke, diabetes, materials science, MERS, and U.S. Politics.

       
Released: 15-Jun-2015 12:05 PM EDT
Scripps Florida Study Points to Drug Target for Huntington’s Disease
Scripps Research Institute

Scientists from the Florida campus of The Scripps Research Institute have established conclusively that an activating protein, called “Rhes,” plays a pivotal role in focusing the toxicity of Huntington’s disease.

12-Jun-2015 5:30 PM EDT
TSRI Chemists Find Efficient, Scalable Way to Synthesize Potential Brain-Protecting Compound
Scripps Research Institute

Chemists at The Scripps Research Institute have invented the first practical, scalable method for synthesizing jiadifenolide, a plant-derived molecule that may have powerful brain-protecting properties.

   
Released: 15-Jun-2015 9:00 AM EDT
FAU Neuroscientist Leads Efforts to Detect and Treat Alzheimer's Disease and Other Forms of Dementia
Florida Atlantic University

Every 67 seconds someone is the United States develops Alzheimer’s disease or some form of dementia. James E. Galvin, M.D., M.P.H., one of the most prominent neuroscientists in the country, is at the helm of cutting-edge research, screening methods and clinical care for all forms of dementia and cognitive impairments as well as neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease.

Released: 12-Jun-2015 1:05 PM EDT
Cell Density Remains Constant as Brain Shrinks with Age
University of Illinois Chicago

New, ultra-high-field magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the brain by researchers at the University of Illinois at Chicago provide the most detailed images to date to show that while the brain shrinks with age, brain cell density remains constant.

9-Jun-2015 10:05 AM EDT
New Study Brings Together Neuroscience and Psychology to Paint More Complete Picture of Sleep and Memory
Scripps Research Institute

A new study from The Scripps Research Institute, Florida campus, integrates neuroscience and psychological research to reveal how sleep suppresses certain nerve cell activity that promotes forgetting, insuring that at least some memories will last.

10-Jun-2015 1:05 PM EDT
Virtual Reality Sheds New Light on How We Navigate in the Dark
Vanderbilt University

A series of immersive virtual reality experiments has confirmed that the human brain’s internal navigation system works in the same fashion as the grid cell system recently found in other mammals.

Released: 11-Jun-2015 9:05 AM EDT
Noninvasive Brain Stimulator May Ease Parkinson’s Symptoms in a Patient’s Home
 Johns Hopkins University

Graduate students invent a headband-shaped device to deliver noninvasive brain stimulation that tamps down the symptoms of Parkinson's disease.

   
Released: 11-Jun-2015 9:05 AM EDT
Gene Modulation Method May Provide Insight on Regrowing Inner-Ear Sensory Hair Cells
Creighton University

Sonia Rocha-Sanchez, Ph.D., an associate professor of oral biology in the Creighton University School of Dentistry, and an expert in the biology and physiology of the inner ear, has developed a method to temporally modify the expression of the retinoblastoma-1 gene in mice. Modulation of the RB1 gene can allow for the regrowth of cells in the inner ear and potentially restore hearing and balance caused by the loss of sensory hair cells.

8-Jun-2015 9:35 AM EDT
Molecular Classification May Improve Method Physicians Use to Diagnose and Treat Gliomas
Mayo Clinic

ROCHESTER, Minn. — The molecular makeup of brain tumors can be used to sort patients with gliomas into five categories, each with different clinical features and outcomes, researchers at Mayo Clinic and the University of California San Francisco have shown.. The finding could change the methods that physicians rely on to determine prognosis and treatment options. Previously, they relied on how patients’ tumors look under the microscope. The study is published online in the New England Journal of Medicine.

10-Jun-2015 5:00 PM EDT
Multi-Center Study Redefines Brain Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center

Not all brain cancers are the same but together they represent a deadly disease that has been difficult to identify and treat.

8-Jun-2015 12:05 PM EDT
Keeping Mind, Body Active May Not Protect Against Underlying Signs of Alzheimer’s
American Academy of Neurology (AAN)

While participating in physical activities such as bike riding, dancing, walking and gardening and mentally stimulating activities such as crosswords and reading may reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease, they may not do so by affecting the underlying markers for the disease, according to a study published in the June 10, 2015, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.

8-Jun-2015 12:05 PM EDT
Specialized Proteins May Be Detected in Blood of People with Alzheimer’s Disease
American Academy of Neurology (AAN)

Specialized brain proteins that are involved in the removal of damaged nerve cell materials may be detected in the blood of people who were diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment or dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease. In a select group of people who later developed dementia, the levels of the lysosomal proteins were abnormal while the people still had no problems with memory or thinking skills, according to a study published in the June 10, 2015, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.

Released: 10-Jun-2015 1:05 PM EDT
Fragile X Proteins Involved in Proper Neuron Development
University of Wisconsin–Madison

Fragile X syndrome is the most common inherited intellectual disability and the greatest single genetic contributor to autism. Unlocking the mechanisms behind fragile X could make important revelations about the brain. In a new study published June 4 in the journal Cell Reports, researchers from the University of Wisconsin-Madison Waisman Center and Department of Neuroscience show that two proteins implicated in fragile X play a crucial role in the proper development of neurons in mice.

Released: 10-Jun-2015 1:00 PM EDT
Syllables That Oscillate in Neuronal Circuits
Université de Genève (University of Geneva)

Speech, emitted or received, produces an electrical activity in neurons that neuroscientists measure in the form of «cortical oscillations». To understand speech, as for other cognitive or sensory processes, the brain breaks down the information it receives to integrate it and give it a coherent meaning. But researchers could not confirm whether oscillations were signs of neuronal activity, or whether these oscillations played an active role in speech processing. Professor Anne-Lise Giraud and her team at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Geneva (UNIGE) reached such conclusions after having created a computerized model of neuronal microcircuits, which highlights the crucial role of neuronal oscillations to decode spoken language, independently of speakers’ pace or accent.

5-Jun-2015 12:05 PM EDT
Spinal Cord Stimulation for Chronic Pain Led to Decreased Healthcare Costs and Improved Functional Measures
International Neuromodulation Society

A study at the Vancouver Island Health Authority (government health plan) supports findings that costs of spinal cord stimulation implants are recouped due to decreased demands for medical treatment in chronic pain patients.

9-Jun-2015 5:05 AM EDT
New Treatment Hope for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Universite de Montreal

A previously unknown link between the immune system and the death of motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease, has been discovered by scientists at the CHUM Research Centre and the University of Montreal.

Released: 9-Jun-2015 2:05 PM EDT
Study Links Brain Inflammation Triggered by Chronic Pain to Anxiety and Depression
University of California, Irvine

Brain inflammation caused by chronic nerve pain alters activity in regions that regulate mood and motivation, suggesting for the first time that a direct biophysical link exists between long-term pain and the depression, anxiety and substance abuse seen in more than half of these patients, UC Irvine and UCLA researchers report.

Released: 9-Jun-2015 2:05 PM EDT
Brain Lesions in Children Challenging to Diagnose
Loyola Medicine

Brain lesions in children can be especially challenging to diagnose, according to a report in the journal Frontiers in Neurology by a multidisciplinary team of Loyola University Medical Center physicians.

Released: 9-Jun-2015 2:05 PM EDT
Youth on the Autism Spectrum Who Are Overly Sensitive to Sensory Stimuli Have Brains That React Differently Than Youth Who Are Not as Affected by Such Stimuli
University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Health Sciences

Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, a team of UCLA researchers has shown for the first time that children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who are overly sensitive to sensory stimuli have brains that react differently than those with the disorder who don’t respond so severely to noises, visual stimulation and physical contact.

4-Jun-2015 12:05 PM EDT
World’s First Publicly Funded Spinal Cord Stimulation Pilot Study Supports Feasibility of a Full Clinical Trial in Refractory Angina Pectoris
International Neuromodulation Society

Researchers funded by the National Institute for Health Research to conduct a multi-center pilot study of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) in refractory chronic angina pectoris will advise NICE that a fully powered nationwide study is feasible, with SCS therapy and trial outcome measures shown to be acceptable and appropriate for future randomized controlled trials.

5-Jun-2015 12:05 PM EDT
Relief of Dystonia Symptoms Is Sustained in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Deep Brain Stimulation
International Neuromodulation Society

Children and adolescents who received deep brain stimulation for generalized dystonia maintained significant symptom relief for up to eight years, according to a study presented today at the 12th World Congress of the International Neuromodulation Society.

21-May-2015 10:05 AM EDT
Five Scientific Abstracts Win Inaugural Competition at the International Neuromodulation Society 12th World Congress
International Neuromodulation Society

Winning research abstracts present: a custom neural prosthesis to combat paralysis; cellular evidence of stroke recovery; tuning treatment of Parkinson's disease; validation of a pain model; and comparing drug-free stimulation modes of pain treatment.

Released: 8-Jun-2015 10:05 PM EDT
Been There? Done That? If You Are Sure, Thank Your ‘Memory Cells’
Cedars-Sinai

The witness on the stand says he saw the accused at the scene of the crime. Is he sure? How sure? The jury’s verdict could hinge on that level of certainty. Many decisions we make every day are influenced by our memories and the confidence we have in them. But very little is known about how we decide whether we can trust a memory or not. Cedars-Sinai researchers have identified a unique set of neurons in the medial temporal lobe, an area of the brain where memories and memory-based decisions are processed. They show that the activity of these neurons is indicative of the confidence by which a memory will be retrieved.

Released: 8-Jun-2015 3:05 PM EDT
Trending Stories Report for 8 June 2015
Newswise Trends

Trending news releases with the most views in a single day. Topics include: marijuana exposure in children, female viagra, botox for nerve pain, genetics, cancer and bone marrow transplants, stroke, dengue fever, and memory loss in epilepsy.

       
31-May-2015 6:00 PM EDT
Weekly Non-invasive Brain Stimulation Provides Long-Term Relief of Post-Stroke Pain
International Neuromodulation Society

Weekly sessions of non-invasive repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation provided sufficient long-term pain relief in 61 percent of patients with central post-stroke pain, and delivered long-term relief for patients who continued for one year.

3-Jun-2015 4:05 PM EDT
U.S. Space Program Researchers Develop Potential Nano-Tools for Deep Brain Stimulation
International Neuromodulation Society

The ability of a carbon nanofiber pad to detect changing neurotransmitter concentrations was demonstrated in a proof-of-principle collaboration between engineers and neurosurgeons at NASA Ames Research Center and the Mayo Clinic. The active area was one-tenth the size of current deep-brain-stimulation electrical contacts.

Released: 5-Jun-2015 3:05 PM EDT
Strokes Steal 8 Years’ Worth of Brain Function, New Study Suggests
Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan

Having a stroke ages a person’s brain function by almost eight years, new research finds – robbing them of memory and thinking speed as measured on cognitive tests.

Released: 5-Jun-2015 12:10 PM EDT
New Data on Botulinum Toxin as Treatment for Nerve Pain
International Anesthesia Research Society (IARS)

Botulinum toxin could offer an effective new treatment for two forms of neuropathy—pain caused by different types of nerve injury, according to an experimental study published in Anesthesia & Analgesia.

Released: 5-Jun-2015 11:05 AM EDT
UAB Researchers Unlock Mystery of Memory Loss in Epilepsy Patients
University of Alabama at Birmingham

New research from UAB identifies an epigenetic cause for why patients with temporal lobe epilepsy tend to have memory loss, and suggests a potential way to reverse that loss. The findings indicate the discovery may have implications for many other memory disorders.

Released: 4-Jun-2015 3:05 PM EDT
Study Links Delay of Gratification To How Brain Structures Are Connected
Georgia State University

The ability to delay gratification in chimpanzees is linked to how specific structures of the brain are connected and communicate with each other, according to researchers at Georgia State University and Kennesaw State University.

Released: 4-Jun-2015 2:05 PM EDT
After Concussion, Sleep Aids Memory and Recall
University of Massachusetts Amherst

After a concussion, a person can have disturbed sleep, memory deficits and other problems for years, but a new study suggests that despite these, sleep still helps them to overcome memory deficits, and the benefit is equal to that seen in individuals with no history of mild traumatic brain injury.

   
Released: 4-Jun-2015 10:05 AM EDT
Contrary to Conventional Wisdom, Young People’s Brains Cope with Stress in a Completely Different Way to Adults
University of Haifa

This conclusion is based on a new study conducted on rats at the University of Haifa. Prof. Mouna Maroun, the researcher leader, explains that given the similarity between the mechanisms in rats and humans responsible for coping with stress, “the immediate significance is that we cannot go on treating children affected by stress in the same way and with the same drugs that we use for adult patients”

2-Jun-2015 5:20 PM EDT
Developing Delirium in the ICU Linked to Fatal Outcomes
Johns Hopkins Medicine

About one-third of patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) will develop delirium, a condition that lengthens hospital stays and substantially increases one’s risk of dying in the hospital, according to a new study led by Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers appearing in the British Medical Journal.

1-Jun-2015 3:05 PM EDT
High Levels of Moral Reasoning Correspond with Increased Gray Matter in Brain
Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania

– Individuals with a higher level of moral reasoning skills showed increased gray matter in the areas of the brain implicated in complex social behavior, decision making, and conflict processing as compared to subjects at a lower level of moral reasoning, according to new research from the Perelman School of Medicine and the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania in collaboration with a researcher from Charité Universitätsmediz in Berlin, Germany. The team studied students in the Masters of Business Administration (MBA) program at the Wharton School. The work is published in the June 3rd edition of the journal PLOS ONE.



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