Feature Channels: Respiratory Diseases and Disorders

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A new study is the first to report evidence that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like aspirin may lessen the adverse effects of air pollution exposure on lung function.

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Um estudo liderado pela Mayo Clinic publicado no The New England Journal of Medicine descobriu que as lesões pulmonares causadas pelo uso de cigarros eletrônicos provavelmente são causadas por toxicidade direta ou dano tecidual causado por vapores químicos nocivos.

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Eine von der Mayo Clinic geleitete Studie, die in The New England Journal of Medicine veröffentlicht wurde, hat ergeben, dass Lungenverletzungen durch Vaping höchstwahrscheinlich von der direkten Toxizität oder Gewebeverletzungen durch giftige chemische Dämpfe verursacht.

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Une étude menée par la Mayo Clinic et publiée dans The New England Journal of Medicine révèle que les lésions pulmonaires dues au vapotage sont très probablement causées par une toxicité directe ou des lésions tissulaires dues à des vapeurs chimiques nocives.

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Research into the pathology of vaping-associated lung injury is in its early stages, but a Mayo Clinic study published in The New England Journal of Medicine finds that lung injuries from vaping most likely are caused by direct toxicity or tissue damage from noxious chemical fumes.

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The American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) recognized the recipients of its 2019 Gold Medal awards and other high-profile honors at the 61st ASTRO Annual Meeting in Chicago. View/download photos from the September 17 awards ceremony online.

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NYU Langone Health has become one of 23 institutions selected to comprise the American Association for Thoracic Surgery’s Thoracic Surgery Oncology Group (TSOG). A North American thoracic surgery clinical trials network, TSOG aims to improve the understanding of thoracic oncologic diseases and enhance the care of patients.

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Heather Pua, MD, PhD, assistant professor of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, has received a 2019 National Institutes of Health (NIH) Director’s New Innovator Award. The award, part of the High-Risk, High-Reward Research Program, is designed to support “unusually innovative research from early career investigators,” according to the NIH.

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The American Thoracic Society and the Infectious Diseases Society of America have published an official clinical guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of adults with community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in the ATS’s Oct. 1 American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.

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Researchers at Texas Biomedical Research Institute are zeroing in on a new way to target tuberculosis (TB) infection. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has awarded a four-year, $2.8 million grant for scientists to study the role of lung macrophages (immune cells) in metabolic and inflammation responses to TB.

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As the fall months approach, the potential for seasonal allergies, runny noses and sinus infections increases.

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Studies show measurable adverse biologic effects on lung health and cells in humans, in animals, and in tissue samples studied in the lab. The effects of e-cigarettes have similarities to those seen in traditional cigarettes and important differences

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Dado que las posibles muertes por vapear dominan los titulares en las noticias, han surgido más inquietudes respecto a sus efectos y a las enfermedades pulmonares relacionadas con esta práctica.

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As part of a massive national effort to improve and modernize flu shots, the Duke Human Vaccine Institute has received three research contracts from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), with an initial award of approximately $29.6 million in first-year funding.

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From 20 minutes or more to 10 seconds. Researchers from Intermountain Healthcare and Stanford University say 10 seconds is about how quickly a new system they studied that utilizes artificial intelligence took to accurately identify key findings in chest X-rays of patients in the emergency department suspected of having pneumonia.

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In a proof-of-concept experiment, researchers from Johns Hopkins Medicine say they have successfully used microscopic man-made particles to predict the severity of patients’ chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by measuring how quickly the particles move through mucus samples. The technique, say the researchers, could eventually help doctors deliver more effective treatments sooner.

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Women with asthma appear more likely to have lower levels of “free” (not attached to proteins) testosterone than women who do not have asthma, according to new research published online in the American Thoracic Society’s American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.

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In a new study, researchers at Intermountain Healthcare in Salt Lake City found that steps measured through a step tracker worn on the wrist can be used to estimate exercise capacity and determine the health status of patients, rather than the standardized six-minute walk distance test, which is usually conducted in a clinical setting.

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According to new findings by Yale Cancer Center scientists, higher levels of genetic mutations in a tumor biopsy are linked to improved clinical outcomes in patients using pembrolizumab (Keytruda) to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

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The NIH awarded Northern Arizona University professors Emily Cope and Greg Caporaso a $468,472 grant to study how microbiota in the upper and lower airways drive inflammation in patients with asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis.

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In the largest smoking cessation study of cancer patients to date, researchers from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center found that comprehensive tobacco treatment can help cancer patients successfully quit and abstain from smoking.

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Adding precisely aimed, escalated doses of radiation after patients no longer respond to immunotherapy reinvigorates the immune system in some patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), increasing progression-free survival (PFS). Findings of the phase II randomized trial were presented at the 61st Annual Meeting of the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO).

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Investigational drug with immunotherapy may provide new therapeutic opportunity for patients previously treated for kidney and lung cancer. Pegilodecakin with pembrolizumab and nivolumab shown to be safe in Phase IB study

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A common tuberculosis (TB) vaccine could decrease the risk of lung cancer if administered during early childhood, according to a study published Sept. 25 in JAMA Network Online.

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Today, on World Lung Day (WLD), the American Thoracic Society is united with members of the Forum of International Respiratory Societies (FIRS) and WLD partner organizations to advocate for respiratory health globally and call on policymakers to ensure that everyone has access to the services they need to improve their lung health.

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On September 25, 2019, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School (NJMS) will mark World Lung Day, an international day for lung health advocacy and action.

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Jennifer Wilson, MD. a thoracic surgeon at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, discusses vaping and your health

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Answers to frequently asked questions about an urgent public health concern: vaping illness.

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A new article in Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology shows an association between African American parents/guardians who have experienced the chronic stress associated with exposure to racism and poor asthma control in their young children.

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A potential carcinogen that has been banned as a food additive is present in concerningly high levels in electronic cigarette liquids and smokeless tobacco products, according to a new study from Duke Health.

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Building upon the initial five-year plan, LungMAP 2 includes research on normal lung development in early adulthood and abnormal development in selected rare lung diseases.

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Breath-based tests are gaining in popularity as a non-invasive diagnostic tool. Research into improving the collection and analysis of these tests will be presented today at the American Physiological Society (APS) Interface of Mathematical Models and Experimental Biology conference.

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Targeting the protein Eyes Absent 3 (EYA3) may help prevent vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), according to new study from Cincinnati Children's.

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Researchers at the University of Kentucky Markey Cancer Center have made a breakthrough discovery that solves a mystery long forgotten by science and have identified a potentially novel avenue in pre-clinical models to treat non-small cell lung cancers.

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Tuberculosis and HIV – two of the world’s deadliest infectious diseases – are far worse when they occur together. Now, Texas Biomedical Research Institute researchers have pinpointed an important mechanism at work in this troubling health problem. And, their discovery could lead to a new mode of treatment for people at risk.

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Science Snapshots: messenger proteins, new TB drug, artificial photosynthesis

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Sixteen years ago, a research group at Mayo Medical School published results showing that a protein called TRAIL can kill cells that cause liver fibrosis but no one seemed to follow up on these findings. Now, researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have improved on this protein and shown that it selectively kills cells that cause the hardening of skin associated with scleroderma, effectively reversing the condition in mice genetically engineered to mimic the disease. A report on these results was published earlier this year in Nature Communications.

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HHMI announces the selection of 15 exceptional early career scientists as 2019 HHMI Hanna Gray Fellows to support diversity in biomedical research. The 2020 Hanna H. Gray Fellows Program competition is now open. Applications are due on January 8, 2020.

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With possible vaping-related deaths dominating news headlines, there is an increased concern on its effects and associated lung illnesses. Health officials are worried that there is a possible connection between vaping and a number of multi-state deaths that have occurred in the United States. While it’s not necessarily clear what is causing the lung damage, the Centers for Disease and Control and Prevention has issued a warning to discontinue vaping pending further investigation into the surge of lung-related deaths.

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Young people face special health risks when using e-cigarettes, according to tobacco dependence expert

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By combing through the entire genetic sequences of a person with a lung scarring disease and 13 of the person’s relatives, Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers say they have found a coding error in a single gene that is likely responsible for a rare form of the disease and the abnormally short protective DNA caps on chromosomes long associated with it.

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Mayo Clinic在佛罗里达州新建的探索与创新楼于8月22日（周四）正式开放。在此运用的先进技术将增加可供移植的肺器官数量。另外，这栋占地75,000平方英尺的大楼还会配设创新型生命科学孵化器，让企业家能够利用各项资源将医疗解决方案推向市场。