Breaking News: Volcanoes

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Released: 6-Sep-2019 10:05 AM EDT
Kilauea eruption fosters algae bloom in North Pacific Ocean
University of Southern California (USC)

Volcanoes are often feared for their destructive power, but a new study reminds us that they can foster new growth.

Released: 12-Aug-2019 11:05 PM EDT
Jurassic world of volcanoes found in central Australia
University of Adelaide

An international team of subsurface explorers from the University of Adelaide in Australia and the University of Aberdeen in Scotland have uncovered a previously undescribed ‘Jurassic World’ of around 100 ancient volcanoes buried deep within the Cooper-Eromanga Basins of central Australia.

Released: 5-Aug-2019 1:45 PM EDT
Geoengineering Versus a Volcano
Carnegie Institution for Science

While it's important to evaluate geoengineering proposals from an informed position, the best way to reduce climate risk is to reduce emissions

Released: 29-Jul-2019 1:05 AM EDT
Careful analysis of volcano’s plumbing system may give tips on pending eruptions
Penn State Institute for Computational and Data Sciences

A volcano will not send out an official invitation when it’s ready to erupt, but a team of researchers suggest that scientists who listen and watch carefully may be able to pick up signs that an eruption is about to happen. In a study of Hawaii's Kīlauea volcano, the researchers reported that pressure changes in the volcano’s summit reservoirs helped explain the number of earthquakes — or seismicity — in the upper East Rift Zone. This zone is a highly active region where several eruptions have occurred over the last few decades, including a spectacular one in 2018.

12-Jul-2019 1:05 PM EDT
Chaos Theory Produces Map for Predicting the Paths of Particles Emitted Into the Atmosphere
American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Floating air particles following disasters and other geological events can have a lasting impact on life on Earth, and a new model drawing on chaos theory looks to help predict how these particles move, with an eye toward applications for geoengineering. Using available wind data, Tímea Haszpra developed a model for following particles as they travel around the globe. Using it, she has generated maps that can be used to predict how particles will be dispersed above the world.

Released: 2-Jul-2019 4:05 PM EDT
Water drives explosive eruptions; here’s why magmas are wetter than we thought
Washington University in St. Louis

Volatile elements in magma, primarily water, drive explosive volcanic eruptions. The tricky part is determining just how much volatile content was present before the eruption took place. This is especially difficult when the only evidence scientists have to go on is the end product after all the volatiles have been lost.

Released: 19-Jun-2019 8:05 AM EDT
Trekking to the top
West Virginia University - Eberly College of Arts and Sciences

Growing up riding four-wheelers and collecting rocks near her grandparents’ cabin in the valleys wedged between the Rocky Mountains, Shelby Isom’s childhood was an adventure.

Released: 23-May-2019 2:05 PM EDT
Aftershocks of 1959 earthquake rocked Yellowstone in 2017-18
University of Utah

A swarm of more than 3,000 small earthquakes in the Maple Creek area (in Yellowstone National Park but outside of the Yellowstone volcano caldera) between June 2017 and March 2018 are, at least in part, aftershocks of the 1959 quake.

Released: 23-May-2019 1:05 PM EDT
Strange Martian mineral deposit likely sourced from volcanic explosions
Brown University

Ashfall from ancient volcanic explosions is the likely source of a strange mineral deposit near the landing site for NASA's next Mars rover

Released: 17-May-2019 11:05 AM EDT
Sedimentary, dear Johnson: Is NASA looking at the wrong rocks for clues to Martian life?
Frontiers

In 2020, NASA and European-Russian missions will look for evidence of past life on Mars.

Released: 15-May-2019 1:05 PM EDT
From Earth’s deep mantle, scientists find a new way volcanoes form
Cornell University

Far below Bermuda’s pink sand beaches and turquoise tides, geoscientists have discovered the first direct evidence that material from deep within Earth’s mantle transition zone – a layer rich in water, crystals and melted rock – can percolate to the surface to form volcanoes.

Released: 3-May-2019 1:05 PM EDT
Geosciences Grad Student Tackles Explosive Eruptions in Chile
Boise State University

Aaron Marshall studies mafic magma on Llaima Volcano in Chile

Released: 26-Apr-2019 11:05 AM EDT
Mysterious volcanic ash layer from 29,000 years ago traced to volcano in Naples
University of Oxford

Researchers from the University of Oxford have traced the origin of a pre-historic eruption that blanketed the Mediterranean region in ash 29,000 years ago

Released: 25-Apr-2019 2:30 PM EDT
Study: Microbes could influence Earth's geological processes as much as volcanoes
University of Tennessee, Knoxville

By acting as gatekeepers, microbes can affect geological processes that move carbon from the earth's surface into its deep interior

Released: 24-Apr-2019 1:00 PM EDT
Major Deep Carbon Sink Linked to Microbes Found Near Volcano Chains
Rutgers University-New Brunswick

Up to about 19 percent more carbon dioxide than previously believed is removed naturally and stored underground between coastal trenches and inland chains of volcanoes, keeping the greenhouse gas from entering the atmosphere, according to a study in the journal Nature. Surprisingly, subsurface microbes play a role in storing vast amounts of carbon by incorporating it in their biomass and possibly by helping to form calcite, a mineral made of calcium carbonate, Rutgers and other scientists found.

Released: 15-Apr-2019 1:05 PM EDT
New evidence suggests volcanoes caused biggest mass extinction ever
University of Cincinnati

Researchers say mercury buried in ancient rock provides the strongest evidence yet that volcanoes caused the biggest mass extinction in the history of the Earth.

Released: 1-Apr-2019 10:05 AM EDT
Merged satellite, ground data may forecast volcanic eruptions
Cornell University

Cornell University postdoctoral researcher Kevin Reath has merged 17 years of satellite data on volcanoes with ground-based detail to form a model for state-of-the-art volcanic eruption prediction.

Released: 21-Feb-2019 2:00 PM EST
Precise Chronology Suggests Extreme Volcanism Contributed to Dinosaur Extinction
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Not by meteorite alone did the dinosaurs die off. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory research scientist Kyle Samperton and colleagues present the most compelling evidence yet that massive volcanic eruptions in the Deccan Traps region of India contributed to the fall of the dinosaurs – also known as the end-Cretaceous mass extinction – approximately 66 million years ago.

Released: 15-Feb-2019 10:05 AM EST
Satellite images reveal interconnected plumbing system that caused Bali volcano to erupt
University of Bristol

A team of scientists, led by the University of Bristol, has used satellite technology provided by the European Space Agency (ESA) to uncover why the Agung volcano in Bali erupted in November 2017 after 50 years of dormancy.

Released: 5-Feb-2019 2:05 PM EST
Revising the history of big, climate-altering volcanic eruptions
University of Maryland, College Park

For all their destructive power, most volcanic eruptions are local events. Lava flows tend to reach only a few miles at most, while airborne ash and soot travel a little farther. But occasionally

Released: 24-Jan-2019 11:45 AM EST
Large volcanic eruption in Scotland may have contributed to prehistoric global warming
Uppsala University

Around 56 million years ago, global temperatures spiked. Researchers at Uppsala University and in the UK now show that a major explosive eruption from the Red Hills on the Isle of Skye may have been a contributing factor to the massive climate disturbance. Their findings have been published in the journal Scientific Reports.

Released: 3-Jan-2019 10:05 AM EST
URI scientists model Anak Krakatau volcano, tsunami to better prepare U.S. for future tsunamis
University of Rhode Island

The recent eruption of Anak Krakatau – which means “son of Krakatau” – is providing URI researchers Stephan Grilli and Steven Carey with a new opportunity to gain additional insights and create models that they hope will help the United States better prepare for future tsunamis.

Released: 10-Dec-2018 2:05 PM EST
Scientists brew lava and blow it up to better understand volcanoes
University at Buffalo

What happens when lava and water meet? Explosive experiments with manmade lava are exploring this question. This long-term, ongoing study published its first results on Dec. 10, and aims to shed light on the basic physics of lava-water interactions, which are common in nature but poorly understood.

Released: 31-Oct-2018 8:05 PM EDT
New Model Improves Thermal Models Tying Metamorphic Rocks to Subduction Zones
Boise State University

The temperatures associated with the earth’s subduction zones have been historically miscalculated, which has major implications for our understanding of how the planet’s deadliest earthquakes and volcanic arcs are generated.

Released: 11-Oct-2018 8:05 AM EDT
Smaller, More Frequent Eruptions Affect Volcanic Flare-Ups
Michigan Technological University

Eruption patterns in a New Zealand volcanic system reveal how the movement of magma rising through the crust leads to smaller, more frequent eruptions.

Released: 6-Sep-2018 4:05 PM EDT
Volcano Under Ice Sheet Suggests Thickening of West Antarctic Ice Is Short-Term
University of Washington

Evidence left by a volcano under the ice sheet suggests that the observed bulging of ice in West Antarctica is a short-term feature that may not affect the glacier’s motion over the long term.

Released: 6-Sep-2018 8:05 AM EDT
Lions, Zebras and Geography, Oh My!
West Virginia University - Eberly College of Arts and Sciences

Among the lions and zebras in Tanzania in the summer heat, a West Virginia University environmental geoscience student explored the geography of the land. Weirton, West Virginia, native Francesca Basil (BA Environmental Geoscience, 2018) traveled to the East African country in summer 2018.

   
Released: 29-Aug-2018 7:05 AM EDT
Field Notes | Azores, Portugal
Washington University in St. Louis

Volcanic craters, fumeroles and hot springs mark the rugged landscape of São Miguel island, in the remote Portuguese Azores, where undergraduate students from Washington University in St. Louis traveled to study field geology techniques.

Released: 20-Aug-2018 9:30 AM EDT
Iowa State Sophomore Returns From Summer on Research Vessel, Atop Active Volcano
Iowa State University

Chanel Vidal, an Iowa State University sophomore in geology, returns to campus after a whirlwind summer working aboard a research vessel in the Atlantic Ocean, studying the Deccan Traps in India and collecting gas samples from an active volcano in the Canary Islands.

Released: 9-Aug-2018 11:05 AM EDT
There and Back Again: Mantle Xenon Has a Story to Tell
Washington University in St. Louis

Study constrains the history of volatile transport from the atmosphere into the deep Earth

Released: 23-Jul-2018 12:00 AM EDT
The Scream: What Were Those Colorful, Wavy Clouds in Edvard Munch’s Famous Painting?
Rutgers University-New Brunswick

What inspired the iconic red-and-yellow sky in The Scream, the painting by Norwegian artist Edvard Munch that sold for a record $119.9 million in 2012? Some say it was a volcanic sunset after the 1883 Krakatau eruption. Others think the wavy sky shows a scream from nature. But scientists at Rutgers University–New Brunswick, University of Oxford and University of London suggest that nacreous, or “mother of pearl,” clouds which can be seen in the southern Norway inspired the dramatic scene in the painting. Their study is published in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. “What’s screaming is the sky and the person in the painting is putting his or her hands over their ears so they can’t hear the scream,” said Alan Robock, study co-author and distinguished professor in the Department of Environmental Sciences at Rutgers–New Brunswick. “If you read what Munch wrote, the sky was screaming blood and fire.” There are four known versions of The Scream: an 1893 tempera o

Released: 27-Jun-2018 4:45 PM EDT
Granite Crystallizes at Temperature 200 Degrees Lower Than Previously Thought
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI)

Evidence from rocks in Yosemite National Park suggests that granite stored in the Earth’s crust is partially molten at 500 degrees Celsius, nearly 200 degrees lower than had previously been believed.

25-Jun-2018 5:00 PM EDT
“Ring Around Bathtub” at Giant Volcano Field Shows Movement of Subterranean Magma
University of Wisconsin–Madison

A University of Wisconsin-Madison study examines the geologic changes of the Maule volcanoes, located in a region in Chile that has seen enormous eruptions during the last million years

Released: 22-Jun-2018 10:05 AM EDT
URI researcher, team members discover volcanic heat source under major Antarctic glacier
University of Rhode Island

The discovery and other findings, which are critical to understanding the stability of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, of which the Pine Island Glacier is a part, are published in the paper, “Evidence of an active volcanic heat source beneath the Pine Island Glacier,” in the latest edition of Nature Communications.

Released: 20-Jun-2018 3:30 PM EDT
Better Model of Water Under Extreme Conditions Could Aid Understanding of Earth's Mantle
University of Chicago

A team of University of Chicago scientists ran quantum simulations to develop a new model of the behavior of water at extremely high temperatures and pressures. The computational measurements, published June 18 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, should help scientists understand water’s role in the makeup of the mantle and potentially in other planets.

Released: 12-Jun-2018 8:05 AM EDT
Volcanic Activity, Declining Ocean Oxygen Triggered Mass Extinction of Ancient Marine Organisms
Florida State University

Millions of years ago, powerful volcanoes pumped Earth's atmosphere full of carbon dioxide, draining the oceans of oxygen and driving widespread extinction of marine organisms. Could something similar be happening today?

Released: 23-May-2018 10:05 AM EDT
WVU Volcanologist Can Offer Insights on Volcanic Eruptions in Hawai'i
West Virginia University

New cracks and lava leaks on Hawai’i near two established volcano vents pose significant hazards for the area’s residents, and not only from the currents of lava flow creeping toward the Pacific Ocean. According to Graham Andrews, West Virginia University volcanologist, large earthquakes and repeated small, explosions at the volcanos, plus toxic gases and vapors released from the lava and where the it enters the ocean are likely to make breathing difficult, a combination that is making life on Hawai’i perilous.

9-May-2018 12:00 PM EDT
Microbes From Marine Volcanic Vents Reveal How Humans Adjusted to a Changing Atmosphere
Van Andel Institute

The findings, published today in Cell by scientists at Van Andel Research Institute (VARI), University of Georgia (UGA) and Washington State University, detail the structure of MBH, a molecular complex involved in microbial respiration. The near-atomic resolution images are the first ever of MBH and show that its structure is remarkably similar to its counterpart in humans, Complex I.


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