Feature Channels: Race and Ethnicity

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White children with viral diagnoses treated in pediatric emergency departments were up to twice as likely to receive antibiotics compared to minority children, according to a study published in Pediatrics. Although viral respiratory tract infections do not warrant antibiotic treatment, antibiotics were prescribed for these illnesses to 4.3 percent of white, 1.9 percent of black and 2.6 percent of Hispanic children.

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Compared to people who live in predominantly white neighborhoods, those who live in predominantly black areas are much less likely to receive CPR or defibrillation from a bystander when their heart suddenly stops beating while they are at home or out in the community.

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A Cornell University study found that black men, no matter how dark or light their skin, get arrested at the same rate, but darker-skinned white men are more likely to be arrested than those with lighter skin.

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Studies have shown that an early age of drinking initiation (ADI) increases the chance of developing an alcohol use disorder (AUD). There is limited evidence that ADI differs across ethnic groups. This study examined whether the pathway from ADI to AUD symptoms by early adulthood is influenced by two factors: ethnicity and having the alcohol metabolizing gene variant allele, ALDH2*2. This allele produces an inactive enzyme that leads to higher levels of acetaldehyde during alcohol metabolism, which are associated with unpleasant effects after drinking alcohol and a decreased risk for an AUD.

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People who claim they “don’t see race” when they evaluate others may think they all have similar beliefs about racial justice – but they’re very wrong, according to a new book. In fact, the belief in “racial colorblindness” unites people who range from liberal to conservative and hardened racists to egalitarians.

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African-Americans are more likely to experience debilitating migraine headaches than whites, but a new study probing the issue found no evidence of racial disparities in treatment practices. Instead, researchers report a different finding that affects everyone: opioid overuse.

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As you are reporting on various aspects of the violence in Charlottesville, Virginia, psychologists are available to discuss how white supremacy, racism and prejudice can lead to extremism, how police should handle potentially violent demonstrations and how to help children and adults deal with trauma and grief.

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The analysis of African manuscripts, rarely seen in the West, will be the subject of a week-long workshop at Northwestern University.

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As published in JNCCN – Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center found significant racial and gender-based disparities in outcomes among patients with locoregional anal cancer.

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The Keck School of Medicine of USC is actively recruiting Hispanics with multiple sclerosis to participate in a study examining the impact of genetics, acculturation and cultural perceptions on disease severity.

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Join our virtual press briefing on August 10 at 11 am ET to hear from these organizations about new research, stories of successful programs in communities, and experts who can speak to the need to ensure all children have access to nutritious food and safe places to be physically active.

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Loyola Medicine neurologist José Biller, MD, has been named to Negocios Now's list of the 50 Most Influential Latinos in the Chicago Area.

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Black men who enrolled in patient navigator program at local barbershops were twice as likely to get colorectal cancer screening as those who did not.

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A UA researcher examines the role of racial identity and acculturation on the birth weight of black infants.

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Scientists from an international consortium have identified a large number of new genetic markers that predispose individuals to lupus.

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The naturally curly texture of the hair of many African Americans is not something schools should be spending their limited time and resources regulating, says an expert on implicit bias and the law at Washington University in St. Louis.“Several school districts around the nation have adopted policies that prevent students from wearing their hair in braids, twists, dreadlocks and Afros, and even Afro puffs,” said Kimberly Norwood, the Henry H.

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With summer in full swing, dermatologists from the American Academy of Dermatology are reminding everyone that people of all races and colors can develop skin cancer. Although people of color have a lower risk of developing skin cancer than Caucasians, when skin cancer develops in people of color, it is often diagnosed at a more advanced stage – making it more difficult to treat. The good news, say dermatologists, is that there is a lot people can do to protect their skin and reduce their risk of getting skin cancer, including melanoma, the deadliest form.

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A form of genetic variation, called differential RNA splicing, may have a role in tumor aggressiveness and drug resistance in African American men with prostate cancer, according to research published out of the George Washington University Cancer Center in Nature Communications.

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Thirty-six percent of Hispanic families in the U.S. with a common form of retinitis pigmentosa got the disease because they carry a mutation of the arrestin-1 gene, according to a new study from researchers at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health.

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/PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- The National Minority Quality Forum (NMQF) and the American College of Physicians (ACP) today announce that the CMS-approved ACP Genesis Qualified Clinical Data Registry (QCDR) now includes a performance measure for the treatment of heart failure in African Americans beginning with the 2017 Reporting Period for CMS' new Merit-based Incentive Payment System (MIPS).

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Between 15 and 20 percent of black people carry a genetic mutation that puts them at risk for certain chronic kidney disease, but only about half of them develop the illness – a variance that long has puzzled researchers. Now a study has found that the gene mutation’s toxic effects require higher than normal levels of a protein called suPAR to trigger the onset and progression of the disease.

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Three medical provider teams working with a variety of partners in urban and rural settings are using innovative payment and delivery system changes in an attempt to reduce disparities. Funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation’s Finding Answers (http://www.solvingdisparities.org) program, they will detail their experiences at a June 26 panel at the Academy Health Annual Research Meeting in New Orleans, LA. @FndgAnswers

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“Acculturation” occurs when members of one cultural group adopt the beliefs and behaviors of another group. Research on alcohol use among Latino populations often focuses on acculturative processes and associated stressors that influence drinking. This review investigated how effective a measure of acculturation is at predicting several drinking behaviors among Latinos.

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Peter Kanetsky, Ph.D., M.P.H., chair of the Cancer Epidemiology Department at Moffitt Cancer Center, and colleagues from the International TEsticular CAncer Consortium (TECAC), launched a large analysis of five major testicular cancer studies to investigate genetic risk factors linked to TGCT. Their results, which uncovered eight new genetic markers associated with TGCT, were published in the June 12 issue of Nature Genetics.

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HBO has purchased rights to the wildly popular web series “Brown Girls,” a show set in Chicago about straight and queer women of color developed as part of Northwestern University professor Aymar Jean “AJ” Christian’s research project, Open TV (beta). 

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UAB study examines relationships between stigma, discrimination, abuse and depression in American Muslim women.

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UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center surveyed 1,171 men diagnosed with prostate cancer in North Carolina, finding that while both white and black men were concerned about curing their cancer and the quality-of-life impacts of treatment, more black men considered other social and personal factors -- such as recovery time and cost -- to be very important in their treatment decision-making.

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More than 7,500 students and their families will attend University of California, Irvine commencement ceremonies scheduled for Friday, June 16, through Monday, June 19, in the Bren Events Center.

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A new study held at the University among Holocaust survivors has revealed a specific population group with a high suicide rate. The study found that people who immigrated to Israel from countries where most of the Jewish population was murdered in the Holocaust, such as Germany, Austria, Poland, and Greece, show the highest suicide rates.

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This study will explore the role of biomechanical differences in the optic nerve that may explain why individuals of African descent are at greatest risk of developing glaucoma.

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The first ever longitudinal study of U.S. Chinese older adults in the greater Chicago area found the cognitive and physical function of U.S. Chinese immigrants may be greatly impacted by their social and cultural context more than non-immigrant populations.

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The misconception that people with more pigment in their skin cells are protected from cancer-causing ultra-violet rays can be deadly. Melanoma, the least common form of skin cancer but also the deadliest, are more likely to be caused by genetics than the sun. Thus too many people of color don’t think to look for changing moles that can be fatal.

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Pediatric severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in the Washington, DC metropolitan area is most common among inner city African-American children from low income families, according to a new study presented at the 2017 American Thoracic Society International Conference. The researchers also found that these children were most likely to have a delayed diagnosis.

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The U.S. Department of Education has named the University of California, Irvine a Hispanic-serving institution for 2017-18, meaning that fully one-quarter of undergraduates identify as Latino and that half of all students receive financial aid.

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African Americans with sleep apnea and insomnia are rarely diagnosed with either problem, even when the severity of the two sleep disorders are likely to affect their health, according to new research presented at the ATS 2017 International Conference.

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English and math teachers underestimate the academic abilities of students of color, which in turn has an impact on students’ grades and academic expectations, finds a new study by NYU’s Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development.

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Black and Hispanic people are less likely to see a neurologist in the office or as an outpatient than white people in the United States, according to a study published in the May 17, 2017, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. Black people with neurologic conditions such as Parkinson’s disease and stroke were more likely to be cared for in the hospital emergency department and had more hospital stays than whites.

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Racial and ethnic inequality in Chicago is so "pervasive, persistent, and consequential" that University of Illinois at Chicago investigators describe life for white, black and Latino residents in Chicago today as a "tale of three cities."

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Research has shown that African-American boys face higher rates of school discipline than other students. But a study co-authored by an Indiana University sociologist finds that racial disparities in school discipline are even greater for African-American girls.

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Georgetown University Medical Center autism specialists working with Latino families in Washington, DC, have developed an effective screening program that identifies Latino infants who may be at risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), allowing the opportunity for early intervention.

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A new study led by Florida State University faculty member Toby Park finds Hispanic students who attend and graduate from Hispanic-serving colleges and universities have comparable earnings to those who graduate from similarly ranked non-Hispanic-serving institutions.

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Disparities between black and white families living in subsidized housing have largely vanished, and black and white children who grew up in such housing fared similarly in school, jobs and earnings, a study found.

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Although the odds of developing breast cancer are nearly identical for black and white women, black women are 42 percent more likely to die from the disease. A large, multi-institutional study, published on-line May 4, 2017, in JAMA Oncology, explores the germline genetic variations and tumor biological differences between black and white women with breast cancer.

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Researchers found that allocation of rehabilitation services differs by ethnicity, which may help explain why Mexican-Americans have worse outcomes after stroke.