Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University have discovered a new “first response” mechanism that the immune system uses to respond to infection. The findings challenge the current understanding of immunity and could lead to new strategies for boosting effectiveness of all vaccines. The study, conducted in mice, published online today in the journal Immunity.
It can fly through the air or hitch a ride on a handshake, hug or kiss. "It" is seasonal flu. There are many reasons to get an annual flu vaccine, but a UMDNJ physician offers a tongue-in-cheek "Top 10 Reasons Not to get a Flu Shot."
Vaccines and antibiotics may someday join caloric restriction or bariatric surgery as a way to regulate weight gain, according to a new study focused on the interactions between diet, the bacteria that live in the bowel, and the immune system.
Long thought to be eradicated, measles makes a comeback on the heels of personal belief exemptions from childhood vaccinations.
As a step toward designing the first effective anti-HIV vaccine, scientists are reporting new insights into how a family of rare, highly potent antibodies bind to HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, and neutralize it — stop it from infecting human cells. They described the antibodies, which were isolated from people infected with HIV and can neutralize a wide range of HIV strains, today at the 244th National Meeting & Exposition of the American Chemical Society, the world’s largest scientific society.
Poxviruses, which are responsible for smallpox and other diseases, can adapt to defeat different host antiviral defenses by quickly and temporarily producing multiple copies of a gene that helps the viruses to counter host immunity.
An experimental immune-based therapy more than doubled median survival of patients diagnosed with the most aggressive malignant brain tumor, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center researchers reported in Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy.
Researchers at the La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology have identified the specific type of immune cells (CD4 T cells) that orchestrate the inflammatory attack on the artery wall, which is a major contributor to plaque buildup in heart disease. Further, the researchers discovered that these immune cells are launching their attack in response to normal proteins that the body mistakes as being foreign, an autoimmune type response, which points up the possibility of developing a tolerogenic vaccine for heart disease.
More than a dozen infectious diseases are preventable, and children should be vaccinated to protect themselves and others.
A major breakthrough in the development of a highly effective vaccine against the deadly Nipah virus -- classified by the CDC and NIH as a biothreat agent -- has been reported by a team of federal and university scientists.
This year the U.S. has seen the worst outbreak of whooping cough in more than 50 years. In fact, it has reached epidemic levels in many states and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said the numbers of cases reported is already twice as many as last year. With kids getting ready to head back-to-school, the numbers of children impacted or killed by this disease could continue to rise if children aren’t accurately vaccinated.
A commercial vaccine for cattle can effectively reduce levels of E. coli O157:H7 by more than 50 percent, a Kansas State University study has found. The vaccine is also effective using two doses instead of the recommended three doses, which can help cut costs for the beef industry.
As moms have always known, a good night’s sleep is crucial to good health -- and now a new study led by a UCSF researcher shows that poor sleep can reduce the effectiveness of vaccines.
Scientists from the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU) have developed a new preparation method that renders a virus or bacterium non-infectious while preserving its immune-boosting ability after exposure to gamma radiation. A lethally irradiated vaccine was successfully tested in mice against drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria by colleagues at the National Institutes of Health and holds promise for other such deadly diseases.
Only 45 percent of adults would support state laws allowing the HPV vaccination without parental consent, according to the University of Michigan C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital National Poll on Children’s Health.
Peter N. Wenger, M.D., associate professor in the Department of Pediatrics, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, highlights immunizations that college-age children should consider before heading back to school.
In studies examining the risk of adverse outcomes after receipt of the influenza A(H1N1) vaccine, infants exposed to the vaccine in utero did not have a significantly increased risk of major birth defects, preterm birth, or fetal growth restriction; while in another, study researchers found a small increased risk in adults of the nervous system disorder, Guillain-Barre syndrome, during the 4 to 8 weeks after vaccination, according to 2 studies in the July 11 issue of JAMA.
Although some have suggested that patients receiving medication for immune-mediated diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or psoriasis may be at increased risk of herpes zoster (HZ; shingles) shortly after receipt of the vaccine, an analysis that included nearly 20,000 vaccinated Medicare beneficiaries finds that the live zoster vaccine is not associated with an increased risk of HZ shortly after vaccination in patients currently treated with biologics.
UAB research casts doubt on the long-standing belief that the vaccine for shingles should not be given to patients taking biologics for auto-immune diseases. Medicare review did not show the vaccine causing shingles in these patients.
The Departments of Homeland Security and Agriculture have developed a novel vaccine for one of the seven strains of the dreaded Foot-and-Mouth Disease, paving the way for the development of the others.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medical College have developed and successfully tested in mice an innovative vaccine to treat nicotine addiction. In the journal Science Translational Medicine, the scientists describe how a single dose of their novel vaccine protects mice, over their lifetime, against nicotine addiction. The vaccine is designed to use the animal's liver as a factory to continuously produce antibodies that gobble up nicotine the moment it enters the bloodstream, preventing the chemical from reaching the brain and even the heart.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center have developed and tested in mice a synthetic vaccine and found it effective in killing human papillomavirus-derived cancer, a virus linked to cervical cancers among others. The research was published in a recent issue of Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy.
Alan S. Abrahams and Cliff T. Ragsdale of the Virginia Tech Pamplin College of Business have devised a system for travelers to receive all the vaccinations they need in a way that ensures the optimum protection efficiently and as inexpensiviely as possible.
Novel adjuvant therapy shows promise for women with a history of breast cancer in Phase II clinical trial.
Biologists at the University of California, San Diego have succeeded in engineering algae to produce potential candidates for a vaccine that would prevent transmission of the parasite that causes malaria, an achievement that could pave the way for the development of an inexpensive way to protect billions of people from one of the world’s most prevalent and debilitating diseases. Initial proof-of-principle experiments suggest that such a vaccine could prevent malaria transmission.
A team from the Perelman School of Medicine and the Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute at the University of Pennsylvania found that the FDA-approved drug daclizumab improved the survival of breast cancer patients taking a cancer vaccine by 30 percent, compared to those patients not taking daclizumab.
What doctors wanted everyone to know about their concerns and attitudes, parents concerns and attitudes.
Mayo Clinic and University of Oregon researchers have confirmed that a genetic factor called a repeating trinucleotide is a strong predictor of an individual’s risk of developing the eye condition Fuchs’ dystrophy.
A long-term follow-up analysis of participants in the Step Study, an international HIV-vaccine trial, has confirmed that certain subgroups of male study participants were at higher risk of becoming infected after receiving the experimental vaccine compared to those who received a placebo. The vaccine used in the study did not contain the HIV virus, but it did contain HIV genes which were delivered to cells using a vector that employed a type of cold virus known as adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5).
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center are in the first phase of creating “designer lymph nodes.” Designer lymph nodes are built with specialized gene-modified cells that are injected into patients and produce a pre-planned immunologic response for cancer patients locally and then throughout their bodies. The researchers are examining a cancer vaccine “boosting” effect of the manufactured lymph nodes in patients with advanced melanoma.
A text messaging intervention with education-related messages sent to parents increased influenza vaccination coverage compared with usual care in a traditionally hard-to-reach, low-income, urban, minority population of children and adolescents, although coverage overall remained low, according to a study in the April 25 issue of JAMA.
Mayo Clinic vaccine expert, pediatrician refute three common myths about child vaccine safety.
Microemulsion has been found to be both stable and a good candidate for delivering a variety of antigens
Clyde Martin can discuss the mathematics of measles transmission and why this trend could spell trouble in the future.
Research shows HSPPC-96 autologous heat shock protein-peptide vaccine may be clinically beneficial for glioblastoma multiforme patients.
• Eighteen of 22 children had regression, stable disease for more than three months. • Some children experienced immunological pseudoprogression.
• Stem cells had greater effect than differentiated tumor cells in eliciting antitumor immunity in vivo. • Antibodies and T cells targeted cancer stem cells in laboratory models. • Data could provide a rationale for a new type of immune therapy.
Researchers at the University of Saskatchewan are closing in on a needle-free vaccine for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), a major cause of respiratory illness in children under two years of age.
Researchers from Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Krankenhaus Nordwest and two other institutions have published results of parallel phase II studies testing a promising immunotherapy regimen in patients with melanoma and ovarian cancer
Discovery helps researchers advance future TB vaccine design.
Mayo Clinic researchers have trained mouse immune systems to eradicate skin cancer from within, using a genetic combination of human DNA from melanoma cells and a cousin of the rabies virus.
Using human immune system cells in the lab, AIDS experts at Johns Hopkins have figured out a way to kill off latent forms of HIV that hide in infected T cells long after antiretroviral therapy has successfully stalled viral replication to undetectable levels in blood tests.
Scientists have identified a promising strategy for vaccine design using a mathematical technique that has also been used in analyses of stock market price fluctuations. The team will give an update on its work at the Biophysical Society 56th Annual Meeting in San Diego, Calif.
Vaccines have had a profoundly positive impact on human health, but the practice of vaccination also has its detractors. Boise State University biologist Juliette Tinker can discuss the causes of the current loss of confidence in vaccine safety, and the impacts this loss has had on the incidence of disease.
Administration of routine infant immunizations with a vaccine for serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis, a bacterium that is a cause of serious disease such as sepsis and meningitis, was effective against meningococcal strains and produced minimal interference with the response to the routine vaccinations, according to a study in the February 8 issue of JAMA.
Although some data have suggested a possible increased risk of intussusception (when a portion of the small or large intestine slides forward into itself, like a telescope) after administration of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine in infants, an analysis that included almost 800,000 doses administered to U.S. infants found no increased risk of this condition following vaccination, according to a study in the February 8 issue of JAMA.
A new analysis of state laws that require health care workers (HCWs) to accept influenza vaccination as a condition of employment has been issued by the George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services. The report was funded by AHRQ, CDC, NVPO and OHQ on behalf of the Federal Increasing Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among Healthcare Workers Working Group.
Two Saint Louis University pediatricians are leading a Missouri State Medical Association statewide effort to change the way doctors respond to parents’ fears of vaccines, and to raise awareness about the importance of getting children vaccinated.
Elevated exposures in children to perfluorinated compounds, which are widely used in manufacturing and food packaging, were associated with lower antibody responses to routine childhood immunizations, according to a study in the January 25 issue of JAMA.
The phytol-derived compound could be used to boost immunity in cancer patients, in veterinary clinics, aid in fighting infectious agents and be used in preparing laboratory agents and diagnostic kits.
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