Newswise — The Department of Defense has established the world's first brain tissue repository to help researchers understand the underlying mechanisms of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in service members.
The announcement follows Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel's Symposium on Traumatic Brain Injury. Secretary Hagel convened a group of senior defense officials, experts in the medical field, and outside organizations to discuss advancements and areas of collaboration regarding traumatic brain injury.
"We have been at war for more than a decade and our men and women have sacrificed," said Dr. Jonathan Woodson, assistant secretary of defense (health affairs) and director, TRICARE Management Activity. "The military health care system is bringing all the resources it can to better understand how to prevent, diagnose and treat traumatic brain injuries and to ensure that service members have productive and long, quality lives. Our research efforts and treatment protocols are all geared toward improving care for these victims. And that will have benefits to the American public, at large."
The Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine Brain Tissue Repository for Traumatic Brain Injury was established at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU) in Bethesda, Md., with a multi-year grant from the U.S. Army Medical Research and Material Command, to advance the understanding and treatment of TBI in service members.
"Little is known about the long-term effects of traumatic brain injury on military service members," said Dr. Daniel Perl, a neuropathologist and director of the brain tissue repository. "By studying these tissues, along with access to clinical information associated with them, we hope to more rapidly address the biologic mechanisms by which head trauma leads to Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE)."
CTE is a neurodegenerative disorder that involves the progressive accumulation of the protein tau in nerve cells within certain regions of the brain. As the tau protein accumulates, it disturbs function and appears to lead to symptoms seen in affected patients such as boxers and, more recently, football players with multiple head trauma.
DoD researchers will look at the brain tissue samples to characterize the neuropathologic features of TBI in service members. Important questions to be addressed include "What does blast exposure do to the brain?" and "Do the different forms of brain injury experienced in the military lead to CTE?"
Service members exposed to blasts "are coming home with troubling, persistent problems and we don't know the nature of this, whether it's related to psychiatric responses from engagement in warfare or related to actual damage to the brain, as seen in football players," Perl said. "We hope to address these findings and develop approaches to detecting accumulated tau in the living individual as a means of diagnosing CTE during life - and, ultimately, create better therapies or ways to prevent the injury in the first place."
"We are learning though the process of discovery the effects of repetitive mild traumatic brain injury and also how to prevent this issue of chronic traumatic encephalopathy," Woodson said. "The brain tissue repository will enable us to learn even more about how we can treat injuries and prevent future calamity for service members."
For further information on donation to the brain tissue repository for traumatic brain injury, please contact the Repository team at [email protected] or 855-DON-8TBI (855-366-8824).
The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, founded by an act of Congress in 1972, is the nation’s federal health sciences university and the academic heart of the Military Health System. USU students are educated to become physician-leaders, advanced practice nurses and dentists, public health professionals and scientists for a career of public service in DoD and other parts of the federal government. USU students are primarily active-duty uniformed officers in the Army, Navy, Air Force and Public Health Service who have received specialized education in tropical and infectious diseases, preventive medicine, the neurosciences (to include TBI and PTSD), disaster response and humanitarian assistance, and acute trauma care. For more information, visit www.usuhs.edu.
The USU Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative is a collaborative, intramural federal program involving the U.S. Department of Defense and the National Institutes of Health developed to bring together the expertise of clinicians and scientists across disciplines to catalyze innovative approaches to traumatic brain injury (TBI) research. CNRM research programs have an emphasis on aspects of high relevance to the military populations, with a primary focus on patients at the Walter Reed National Military Medical Center. The CNRM seeks to serve as the catalyst for collaboration, innovation, and advancement of knowledge of the incidence of TBI and the identification of interdisciplinary approaches to assess TBI and promote recovery. CNRM research programs address the full spectrum of TBI with special focus on militarily relevant forms of TBI such as blast, penetrating, and repeat neurotrauma events, including the effect of high anxiety and the concurrent development of PTSD with TBI. For more information, visit www.usuhs.edu/cnrm.
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