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Newswise: Nuclear energy experts train researchers to meet future nonproliferation challenges
Released: 27-Feb-2024 3:05 PM EST
Nuclear energy experts train researchers to meet future nonproliferation challenges
Idaho National Laboratory (INL)

As nuclear energy is increasingly recognized as a vital component of the clean energy transition, American companies have answered the call with dozens of new reactor and fuel designs.

Newswise: Six Tufts University Faculty Named National Academy of Inventors Senior Members
Released: 27-Feb-2024 3:05 PM EST
Six Tufts University Faculty Named National Academy of Inventors Senior Members
Tufts University

Six Tufts faculty members have been named to the 2024 class of senior members of the National Academy of Inventors (NAI). With this recognition, the six are among a total of 124 highly accomplished emerging academic inventors, as identified by NAI’s 60 member institutions.

   
Newswise: AI among us: Social media users struggle to identify AI bots during political discourse
Released: 27-Feb-2024 2:05 PM EST
AI among us: Social media users struggle to identify AI bots during political discourse
University of Notre Dame

Researchers at the University of Notre Dame conducted a study using AI bots based on large language models and asked human and AI bot participants to engage in political discourse. Fifty-eight percent of the time, the participants could not identify who the AI bots were.

Released: 27-Feb-2024 2:05 PM EST
Texas Tech and TTUHSC Professors Honored as NAI Senior Members
Texas Tech University

Four faculty members across the system will be inducted in June.

Newswise: Biodiversity appears to strongly suppress pathogens and pests in many plant and animal systems, but this “dilution effect” can vary strikingly in magnitude
23-Feb-2024 2:40 PM EST
Biodiversity appears to strongly suppress pathogens and pests in many plant and animal systems, but this “dilution effect” can vary strikingly in magnitude
PLOS

This study uses forest inventory data from over 25,000 plots to show that the prevalence of tree pests is jointly controlled by the diversity and phylogenetic composition of forests.

Newswise: Baylor Mathematicians Create New Math Track at Crossroads of Geometry and Harmonic Analysis
Released: 27-Feb-2024 12:05 PM EST
Baylor Mathematicians Create New Math Track at Crossroads of Geometry and Harmonic Analysis
Baylor University

Baylor University mathematicians Dorina Mitrea, Ph.D., and Marius Mitrea, Ph.D., along with Irina Mitrea, Ph.D., professor of mathematics at Temple University, have co-authored an unprecedented 5-volume, 5,000-page original research monograph that creates a new track in mathematics. Geometric Harmonic Analysis (GHA) is a specific area of mathematics at the crossroads of two well-established branches: geometry and harmonic analysis.

Newswise: NASA Space Technology and Google Earth Engine Computing Power Are Helping to Save Tigers
Released: 27-Feb-2024 12:05 PM EST
NASA Space Technology and Google Earth Engine Computing Power Are Helping to Save Tigers
Wildlife Conservation Society

A new computer platform called TCL 3.0 represents a breakthrough in how scientists measure and monitor changes in tiger habitat and provides a framework for monitoring other wildlife species across the globe.

Newswise: The Wistar Institute Appoints Max Berger to its Board of Trustees
Released: 27-Feb-2024 11:05 AM EST
The Wistar Institute Appoints Max Berger to its Board of Trustees
Wistar Institute

The Wistar Institute Appoints Max Berger to its Board of Trustees

24-Feb-2024 6:05 AM EST
Facilitators of Group Interventions Play a Vital Role in Reducing Drinking Among Young Adults Experiencing Homelessness
Research Society on Alcoholism

Skilled facilitators of an alcohol intervention based on motivational interviewing are key to promoting safer drinking behaviors among young adults experiencing homelessness, a new study suggests. The study is the first to examine the effects of the group process on emerging adults’ drinking outcomes using several different measures of group dynamics. Some young adults experiencing homelessness can access services at drop-in centers, but interventions must be brief and feasible in resource-stretched environments. Previous studies of AWARE, an intervention based on motivational interviewing in a four-session group format, found reductions in drinking in this vulnerable population. It is not well understood, however, which aspects of the group experience—process, structure, and clinician behavior—contribute to these outcomes. Research points to the importance of change talk (e.g., “I’m quitting for the summer”), cohesion (group bonding), climate (group engagement and mutual support), and

     
Newswise: New Consortium MetrANOVA to Create a Measurement and Analysis Toolbox for Research and Education Networks Worldwide
27-Feb-2024 10:00 AM EST
New Consortium MetrANOVA to Create a Measurement and Analysis Toolbox for Research and Education Networks Worldwide
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Five of the world’s leading research and education (R&E) networking organizations have joined forces to form MetrANOVA, a consortium for Advancing Network Observation, Visualization, and Analysis. Together, founding members Energy Sciences Network (ESnet), GÉANT, GlobalNOC at Indiana University, Internet2, and Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) operate and connect a dizzying number of national, regional, and local R&E networks — yet representing a portion of the decentralized fabric linking scientific researchers in hundreds of countries worldwide. MetrANOVA’s goal is to develop and disseminate common network measurement and analysis tools, tactics, and techniques that can be applied throughout the global R&E community.

Newswise:Video Embedded janitors-of-the-sea-overharvested-sea-cucumbers-play-crucial-role-in-protecting-coral
VIDEO
Released: 27-Feb-2024 9:25 AM EST
‘Janitors’ of the Sea: Overharvested sea cucumbers play crucial role in protecting coral
Georgia Institute of Technology

In a first-of-its-kind study, researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology discovered that sea cucumbers — sediment-eating organisms that function like autonomous vacuum cleaners of the ocean floor — play an enormous role in protecting coral from disease. The problem is, they've been overharvested for more than 100 years, and they're now rare.

Newswise: CFB2266la-Enhanced-SR.jpg
Released: 27-Feb-2024 9:10 AM EST
Out of the desert, a quantum powerhouse rises
Sandia National Laboratories

In January, Sandia National Laboratories and The University of New Mexico created the Quantum New Mexico Institute, a cooperatively run research center headquartered at the university.

Newswise: ReadCube Expands Its Award-Winning Literature Management Platform with the Launch of Literature Review
Released: 27-Feb-2024 9:00 AM EST
ReadCube Expands Its Award-Winning Literature Management Platform with the Launch of Literature Review
Digital Science and Research Solutions Ltd

Digital Science is pleased to announce that ReadCube, an award-winning leader in literature management and full-text document delivery, has launched a new solution for research-driven organizations – known simply as Literature Review by ReadCube.

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Newswise: ReadCube Expands Its Award-Winning Literature Management Platform with the Launch of Literature Review
Released: 27-Feb-2024 9:00 AM EST
ReadCube Expands Its Award-Winning Literature Management Platform with the Launch of Literature Review
Digital Science and Research Solutions Ltd

Digital Science is pleased to announce that ReadCube, an award-winning leader in literature management and full-text document delivery, has launched a new solution for research-driven organizations – known simply as Literature Review by ReadCube.

       
Released: 27-Feb-2024 9:00 AM EST
New study shows improved rangeland grazing management leads to substantial sequestration of carbon
Biodiversity Research Institute (BRI)

CarbonSolve, leading global developer of rangeland carbon credits, announces results of a long-term study that presents the first evidence that improved grazing practices implemented at the scale of traditional pastoralist migrations can remove a significant volume of greenhouse gases to soil carbon.

Newswise: Innovative blockchain technology balances privacy with regulatory compliance
Released: 27-Feb-2024 9:00 AM EST
Innovative blockchain technology balances privacy with regulatory compliance
Chinese Academy of Sciences

Blockchain's inherent transparency, while beneficial for validation and trust, poses significant privacy concerns. Traditional transactions on public blockchains are permanently visible, compromising user privacy. This visibility has been a double-edged sword, providing transparency but at the cost of personal data exposure. A new protocol called Privacy Pools offers a potential solution to the seemingly contradictory goals of blockchain privacy and regulatory compliance.

Newswise: Eco-Friendly Catalyst Revolution: New Pathways to Renewable Energy Unlocked by Scientists
Released: 27-Feb-2024 8:20 AM EST
Eco-Friendly Catalyst Revolution: New Pathways to Renewable Energy Unlocked by Scientists
Chinese Academy of Sciences

Researchers have made a significant breakthrough in developing efficient, cost-effective noble metal-free electro-catalysts for oxygen electrocatalysis in alkaline electrolytes, crucial for advancing energy conversion devices such as electrolyzers, fuel cells, and metal–air batteries.

Newswise: Tunable VO2 Cavity Enables Multispectral Manipulation from Visible to Microwave Frequencies
Released: 27-Feb-2024 8:05 AM EST
Tunable VO2 Cavity Enables Multispectral Manipulation from Visible to Microwave Frequencies
Chinese Academy of Sciences

Optical materials capable of dynamically manipulating electromagnetic waves are an emerging field in optics. However, the multispectral manipulation based on these materials is challenging due to their ubiquitous wavelength dependence. Scientist in China and Singapore cascaded VO2-based tunable optical cavities with selective-transparent layers, realizing the multispectral manipulation with reversible tunability covering wavelengths ranging from the visible to microwave regions. This work will provide a critical approach for expanding the multispectral manipulation ability of optical systems.

Newswise: Lightweight Yet Strong: Pioneering Aluminum-Magnesium Laminates Set to Transform Aerospace and Automotive Industries
Released: 27-Feb-2024 8:05 AM EST
Lightweight Yet Strong: Pioneering Aluminum-Magnesium Laminates Set to Transform Aerospace and Automotive Industries
Chinese Academy of Sciences

Magnesium alloys, known for their lightweight and high strength, face limitations due to poor corrosion resistance. The innovative Al/Mg/Al laminates combine the benefits of magnesium alloy and aluminum, offering a solution with enhanced mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, critical for aerospace, automotive, and electronic applications.

Newswise: How decades of expertise with the fourth state of matter could bring satellites closer to Earth
Released: 27-Feb-2024 8:00 AM EST
How decades of expertise with the fourth state of matter could bring satellites closer to Earth
Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory

Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory are working on ways to improve thrusters for satellites operating in very low orbit around the Earth. The researchers believe they can make satellites that weigh less, last longer and cost less by creating thrusters that use the air around them instead of having to carry its own supply of fuel. PPPL’s diagnostics will be used to evaluate this innovative thruster concept and characterize key physical processes involved in its operation.

Newswise: Reproducing the Moon's Surface Environment on Earth
Released: 27-Feb-2024 8:00 AM EST
Reproducing the Moon's Surface Environment on Earth
National Research Council of Science and Technology

The Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology (KICT) successfully implemented an electrostatic environment that simulates the Moon's surface conditions, not in space but on Earth. The researchers also assessed its performance and effectiveness.

Newswise: Protecting fish doesn’t have to mean neglecting people, study concludes
Released: 27-Feb-2024 7:05 AM EST
Protecting fish doesn’t have to mean neglecting people, study concludes
Duke University

With fish stocks declining globally, more than 190 countries recently made a commitment to protect about a third of the world’s oceans within “Marine Protected Areas,” or MPAs by the year 2030.

Released: 27-Feb-2024 7:05 AM EST
Butterflies mimic each other’s flight behaviour to avoid predators
University of York

Researchers have shown that inedible species of butterfly that mimic each others’ colour patterns have also evolved similar flight behaviours to warn predators and avoid being eaten.

Newswise: Live music emotionally moves us more than streamed music
Released: 27-Feb-2024 6:05 AM EST
Live music emotionally moves us more than streamed music
University of Zurich

How does listening to live music affect the emotional center of our brain? A study carried out at the University of Zurich has found that live performances trigger a stronger emotional response than listening to music from a device.

Newswise: New discovery suggests significant glacial retreat in West Antarctica began in 1940s
Released: 27-Feb-2024 6:05 AM EST
New discovery suggests significant glacial retreat in West Antarctica began in 1940s
University of Houston

Among the vast expanse of Antarctica lies the Thwaites Glacier, the world’s widest glacier measuring about 80 miles on the western edge of the continent.

Newswise: Packaged in beer
Released: 27-Feb-2024 3:05 AM EST
Packaged in beer
Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology

Empa researchers have extracted nanocellulose from a waste product of beer brewing and processed it into an aerogel. The high-quality biodegradable material could be used in food packaging.

Newswise: Birds and bee lessons as Pacific field trips also solve 'Michener's mystery'
Released: 26-Feb-2024 10:05 PM EST
Birds and bee lessons as Pacific field trips also solve 'Michener's mystery'
Flinders University

Eight new Pacific bee species and new insights into Fijian bird behaviour on Viti Levu Island have been described in new scientific studies led by Flinders University.

Newswise: Plant seed and fruit analysis from the biblical home of Goliath sheds unprecedented light on Philistine ritual practices
Released: 26-Feb-2024 10:05 PM EST
Plant seed and fruit analysis from the biblical home of Goliath sheds unprecedented light on Philistine ritual practices
Bar-Ilan University

The enigmatic Philistine culture, which flourished during the Iron Age (ca. 1200-604 BCE), profoundly affected the southern Levant's cultural history, agronomy, and dietary customs.

Newswise: How did a tiny bee get to French Polynesia? Eight new species help solve a scientific mystery
Released: 26-Feb-2024 10:05 PM EST
How did a tiny bee get to French Polynesia? Eight new species help solve a scientific mystery
Frontiers

In 1934, American entomologist Elwood Zimmerman, then an undergraduate student at Berkeley, participated in the ‘Mangarevan expedition’ to Polynesia.

Released: 26-Feb-2024 10:05 PM EST
Resistance to social robots futile
Edith Cowan University

While the rise of artificial intelligence is proving to be a contentious issue, new research from Edith Cowan University (ECU) has found that the use of social robots in a commercial setting would likely be met with less resistance.

Newswise: Scientists closer to solving mysteries of universe after measuring gravity in quantum world
Released: 26-Feb-2024 10:05 PM EST
Scientists closer to solving mysteries of universe after measuring gravity in quantum world
University of Southampton

Scientists are a step closer to unravelling the mysterious forces of the universe after working out how to measure gravity on a microscopic level.

Released: 26-Feb-2024 9:05 PM EST
Vanishing forests and suffering children: The hidden toll of deforestation in Cambodia
Sophia University

Deforestation, a critical consequence of human activity, has garnered significant attention due to its impact on environmental sustainability, biodiversity and climate change.

   
Released: 26-Feb-2024 5:05 PM EST
NSF and DOE Establish a Research Coordination Network Dedicated to Enhancing Privacy Research
Department of Energy, Office of Science

In response to the rapidly evolving landscape of data collection and analysis driven by advances in artificial intelligence, the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) have established a Research Coordination Network (RCN) dedicated to advancing privacy research and the development, deployment and scaling of privacy enhancing technologies (PETs). Fulfilling a mandate from the "Executive Order on the Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy Development and Use of Artificial Intelligence," the initiative advances the recommendations in the National Strategy to Advance Privacy-Preserving Data Sharing and Analytics to move towards a data ecosystem where the beneficial power of data can be unlocked while protecting privacy.

Newswise: University of Technology Sydney chooses Figshare to drive the discoverability of non-traditional research outputs
Released: 26-Feb-2024 5:00 PM EST
University of Technology Sydney chooses Figshare to drive the discoverability of non-traditional research outputs
Digital Science and Research Solutions Ltd

The University of Technology Sydney (UTS) has chosen Figshare from Digital Science's flagship products to support sharing, showcasing and managing UTS research reports and non-traditional research outputs.

   
Newswise: What Will It Take for China to Reach Carbon Neutrality by 2060?
23-Feb-2024 5:05 PM EST
What Will It Take for China to Reach Carbon Neutrality by 2060?
University of California San Diego

To become carbon neutral by 2060, as mandated by President Xi Jinping, China will have to build eight to 10 times more wind and solar power installations than currently exist in the country. Reaching carbon neutrality will also require major construction of transmission lines.

Newswise: Novel Theory-Based Evaluation Gives a Clearer Picture of Fusion in the Sun
Released: 26-Feb-2024 2:05 PM EST
Novel Theory-Based Evaluation Gives a Clearer Picture of Fusion in the Sun
Department of Energy, Office of Science

Neutrinos from the Sun result from a chain of nuclear fusion reactions. Scientists use theoretical calculations to extrapolate the rate of these reactions using theory and data from experiments on Earth. A new evalution protocol dramatically reduces the uncertainty in these extrapolations. This will help scientists better understand neutrinos and the interior of the Sun.

Newswise: How Scientists’ Ability to Adapt Led to New Insights into Magnetism
Released: 26-Feb-2024 2:05 PM EST
How Scientists’ Ability to Adapt Led to New Insights into Magnetism
Department of Energy, Office of Science

With time scheduled to use a certain beamline at the National Synchrotron Light Source-II (NSLS-II), scientists from NSLS-II and their partner institutions faced a challenge. They planned on researching a special type of region in magnetic materials that could be useful for next-generation computers. Regions in magnetic materials - called magnetic domains - determine a material's magnetic properties. The scientists wanted to study how these magnetic domains changed over time under the influence of an outside magnetic field.

Newswise: Notre Dame develops user-friendly platform to access comprehensive nationwide opioid database
Released: 26-Feb-2024 1:05 PM EST
Notre Dame develops user-friendly platform to access comprehensive nationwide opioid database
University of Notre Dame

To provide a clear picture of opioid manufacture and travel, the University of Notre Dame developed a user-friendly interface to enable public access to more than 10 years of national controlled substance transaction information. This platform makes querying easier and faster, providing transactional data on 14 different opioids including fentanyl, hydrocodone and oxycodone.

   
Newswise: Laser-Focused Look at Spinning Electrons Shatters World Record for Precision
Released: 26-Feb-2024 1:00 PM EST
Laser-Focused Look at Spinning Electrons Shatters World Record for Precision
Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility

Nuclear physicists with Jefferson Lab have shattered a nearly 30-year-old record for precision in electron beam polarimetry. The groundbreaking result sets the stage for high-profile experiments that could open the door to new physics discoveries.

Newswise: excavating-evidence-of-early-agricultural-engineering-news-notpad-our.jpg
Released: 26-Feb-2024 12:05 PM EST
UNCW Researchers Excavating Evidence of Early Agricultural Engineering
University of North Carolina Wilmington

UNC Wilmington environmental sciences assistant professor Joni “Osku“ Backstrom and Mark Wilde-Ramsing, underwater archaeologist and former director of the Underwater Archaeology Branch of the North Carolina Office of State Archaeology, have traversed the lower Cape Fear and Brunswick rivers searching for archaeological evidence of the rice fields once situated along the rivers’ banks.

Released: 26-Feb-2024 12:05 PM EST
Plasma scientists develop computer programs that could reduce the cost of microchips and stimulate American manufacturing
Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory

Fashioned from the same element found in sand and covered by intricate patterns, microchips power smartphones, augment appliances and aid the operation of cars and airplanes. Now, PPPL scientists are developing codes that will outperform current simulation techniques and aid the production of microchips using plasma.

Released: 26-Feb-2024 12:05 PM EST
Resurrecting niobium for quantum science
Argonne National Laboratory

Niobium has long been considered an underperformer in superconducting qubits. Scientists supported by Q-NEXT, a US DOE quantum center led by Argonne, have now engineered a high-quality niobium-based qubit, taking advantage of niobium’s superior qualities.

Newswise: Researchers use AI, Google Street View to predict household energy costs on large scale
Released: 26-Feb-2024 11:15 AM EST
Researchers use AI, Google Street View to predict household energy costs on large scale
University of Notre Dame

An interdisciplinary team of experts from the University of Notre Dame, in collaboration with the University of Maryland and University of Utah, have found a way to use artificial intelligence to analyze a household’s passive design characteristics and predict its energy expenses with more than 74 percent accuracy. By combining their findings with demographic data including poverty levels, the researchers have created a comprehensive model for predicting energy burden across 1,402 census tracts and nearly 300,000 households in Chicago.

   
Newswise: UAH Researchers Using Pulsar Measure-Ments to Probe Dark Matter Find Milky Way Galaxy Is Highly Dynamic
Released: 26-Feb-2024 11:05 AM EST
UAH Researchers Using Pulsar Measure-Ments to Probe Dark Matter Find Milky Way Galaxy Is Highly Dynamic
University of Alabama Huntsville

Dark matter comprises over 80% of all matter in the cosmos but is invisible to conventional observation, because it seemingly does not interact with light or electromagnetic fields. Now Dr. Sukanya Chakrabarti, the Pei-Ling Chan Endowed Chair in the College of Science at The University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH), along with lead author Dr. Tom Donlon, a UAH postdoctoral associate, have written a paper to help illuminate just how much dark matter there is in our galaxy and where it resides by studying the gravitational acceleration of binary pulsars. Chakrabarti gave a plenary talk on this work and other methods to measure galactic accelerations at the 243rd meeting of the American Astronomical Society in New Orleans in January.

Newswise:Video Embedded engineer-taps-into-sandia-s-deep-knowledge-base-to-design-high-reliability-component
VIDEO
Released: 26-Feb-2024 11:00 AM EST
Engineer taps into Sandia’s deep knowledge base to design high-reliability component
Sandia National Laboratories

Robert Petterborg saw an opportunity to improve a critical part used to test a weapons system. Using his spare time at work and with the help of his Sandia National Laboratories colleagues, he designed a new cable connector that eliminates misalignments that could interfere with testing and potentially damage hardware.

Released: 26-Feb-2024 10:05 AM EST
‘Artificial tongue’ detects and inactivates common mouth bacteria
American Chemical Society (ACS)

Identifying the microorganisms behind a dental infection can be a lengthy and expensive process. Now, researchers reporting in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces have designed a chemical sensor array, or an artificial tongue, that distinguishes dental bacteria and can inactivate them.

   
Released: 26-Feb-2024 10:05 AM EST
MSU, PSU bile acid discoveries redefine microbiome
Michigan State University

In a new paper published in the journal Nature, Michigan State University researchers Robert Quinn and Doug Guzior report the discovery of the enzyme responsible for producing microbially conjugated bile acids, some of the most abundant and crucial molecules in our gut.



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