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Percentage (%) of the cultivated coffee area managed under different technology or shade levels. Diverse shade has a closed or nearly closed canopy (more than 40% cover), with 10 or more species of shade trees. Scant shade has a minimal but existing canopy (1%–40% cover) and usually 1 or 2 species of shade trees (all with fewer than 10 species). Sun coffee has no shade or shade trees in the production area. Abbreviations: ha, hectares; km, kilometers. Source: The data are from the 2010 data set from FAO (2014).