UC San Diego researchers discovered that people with an inactive RNA-editing enzyme respond better to cancer immunotherapy, and inhibitors of the enzyme help mice with difficult-to-treat cancers live longer.
The Cardiovascular Research Foundation (CRF) announced that TVT Connect will feature eight studies as Late-Breaking Clinical Science. They will be presented during episodes moderated by the editors of Circulation: Cardiovascular Interventions and JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions. Each late-breaking science episode will host a live wrap-up and Q&A session afterwards.
Nine sources of extremely high-energy gamma rays comprise a new catalog compiled by researchers with the High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Gamma-Ray Observatory.
If copper was found in the core of Saturn it would have the same crystalline structure as the copper pipes found in many homes, according to new research from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) and Johns Hopkins University. In a paper published today by Physical Review Letters, the research team reveals that copper maintains its crystalline structure at pressures ranging from one atmosphere (room pressure) to more than 30 million atmospheres.
In 2019, scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory dove deeper into proton spin, took a leap in quantum communication, and uncovered new details of plant biochemistry, battery cathodes, catalysts, superconductors, and more. Here, in no particular order, are the biggest advances of the year.
Researchers at the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) have developed a quantum chemistry simulation benchmark to evaluate the performance of quantum devices and guide the development of applications for future quantum computers.
Scientists at Berkeley Lab have developed a diamond anvil sensor that could lead to a new generation of smart, designer materials, as well as the synthesis of new chemical compounds, atomically fine-tuned by pressure.
An additively manufactured polymer layer applied to specialized plastic proved effective to protect aircraft from lightning strikes in lab test; injecting shattered argon pellets into a super-hot plasma, when needed, could protect a fusion reactor’s interior wall from runaway electrons; ORNL will celebrate the life and legacy of Dr. Liane Russell on December 20.
An international team of researchers, including two astrophysicists from the George Washington University, has observed a gamma-ray burst with an afterglow that featured the highest energy photons—a trillion times more energetic than visible light—ever detected in a burst.
NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope has given astronomers a peek at the location of the most energetic outburst ever seen in the universe—a blast of gamma-rays a trillion times more powerful than visible light. That’s because in a few seconds the gamma-ray burst (GRB) emitted more energy than the Sun will provide over its entire 10-billion year life.
Rutgers engineers have embedded high performance electrical circuits inside 3D-printed plastics, which could lead to smaller and versatile drones and better-performing small satellites, biomedical implants and smart structures. They used pulses of high-energy light to fuse tiny silver wires, resulting in circuits that conduct 10 times more electricity than the state of the art, according to a study in the journal Additive Manufacturing. By increasing conductivity 10-fold, the engineers can reduce energy use, extend the life of devices and increase their performance.
Researchers working with Lynden Archer, Cornell’s James A. Friend Family Distinguished Professor of Engineering, have found a way to build a zinc-anode battery that not only has a high energy density, but is low cost, robust and stable, and has a life cycle that can be significantly prolonged.
Researchers can now map strain in lead halide perovskite solar cells. Their approach shows that misorientation between perovskite crystals is the primary contributor to the buildup of strain within the solar cell, creating defects in grain structure, interrupting electron transport and causing heat loss.
At Brookhaven's Lab third graphics processing unit (GPU) hackathon, participants accelerated applications spanning particle physics, astrophysics, chemistry, biology, machine learning, and geoscience.
Researchers at Penn State and Delaware have developed a theoretical method to improve the efficiency of thin-film solar cells by up to 33 percent. Flexible thin-film solar cells are needed to supply electrical power to fabrics, clothing, back packs and anywhere that a local autonomous power supply is required.
Dmitri Denisov, a leading physicist and spokesperson of the DZero experiment, has been named Deputy Associate Lab Director for High Energy Physics at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory.
Researchers have constructed a framework for starting and raising a fusion plasma to temperatures rivaling the sun in hundreds of milliseconds.
Argonne scientists receive $1.19 million from DOE for quantum research.
The Department of Energy’s (DOE) Office of Science and DOE’s National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) have awarded eight research grants totaling $3.5 million to support work related to High-Energy Density Laboratory Plasmas (HEDLP).
The ATLAS experiment at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is ready to begin another chapter in its search for new physics. A significant upgrade to the experiment, called the U.S. ATLAS Phase I Upgrade, has received Critical Decision-4 approval from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), signifying the completion of the project and a transition to operations.
Two Jefferson Lab accelerator scientists have received funding to design accelerators that could be used for wastewater treatment, flue-gas cleanup and beyond.
Lukasz Fidkowski, an assistant professor of physics at the University of Washington, is one of the winners of a 2020 New Horizons in Physics Prize from the Breakthrough Foundation "for incisive contributions to the understanding of topological states of matter and the relationships between them."
Scientists at the Department of Energy’s Fermilab have announced that they achieved the highest magnetic field strength ever recorded for an accelerator steering magnet, setting a world record of 14.1 teslas, with the magnet cooled to 4.5 kelvins or minus 450 degrees Fahrenheit.
This article and accompanying video highlight the decades of discoveries, achievements and progress in particle accelerator R&D at Berkeley Lab. These accelerators have enabled new explorations of the atomic nucleus; the production and discovery of new elements and isotopes, and of subatomic particles
When energy is added to uranium under pressure, it creates a shock wave, and even a tiny sample will be vaporized like a small explosion. By using smaller, controlled explosions, physicists can test on a microscale what could previously be tested only in larger, more dangerous experiments. In a recent experiment, scientists used a laser to ablate atomic uranium while recording chemical reactions as the plasma cooled, oxidized and formed species of more complex uranium. They discuss their work in this week’s Physics of Plasmas.
Through a collaboration with DOE’s Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Argonne is supplying the first eight of 116 superconducting cavities that will create a stream of neutrinos for Fermilab’s Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE).
In the decade since Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory’s National Ignition Facility began operations, NIF has routinely heated and compressed matter to some of the most extreme temperatures and pressures ever obtained on Earth – temperatures of 100 million degrees and pressures 100 billion times that of the Earth’s atmosphere. More than 2,700 experiments have helped to ensure the current and future nuclear stockpile is safe, secure and effective; made significant progress toward fusion ignition; and yielded new insights about the stars and the universe while revealing phenomena like the metallization of hydrogen and the interiors of distant planets.
The exhaustive detection method that discovered the error field in the initial run of the NSTX-U tokamak could serve as a model for error-field detection in future tokamaks.
With high-energy X-rays, such as those that will be produced by the upgrade to Argonne’s Advanced Photon Source comes a potential hitch — the more penetrating the X-rays are, the higher a likelihood that researchers could run into problems with the image data. In a new study, researchers at Argonne have found a novel way to combat this image degradation.
The males of one species of butterfly are more attracted to females that are active, not necessarily what they look like, according to a recent research conducted at Augustana University.The paper, “Behaviour before beauty: Signal weighting during mate selection in the butterfly Papilio polytes,” found that males of the species noticed the activity levels of potential female mates, not their markings.
Thin-walled diamond shells carry payloads of boron dust; the dust mitigates destructive plasma disruptions in fusion confinement systems.
Physicist Tor Raubenheimer explores the world by climbing rocks and designing particle accelerators.
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced $75 million in funding for 66 university research awards on a range of topics in high energy physics to advance knowledge of how the universe works at its most fundamental level.
The Belle II experiment at Japan’s SuperKEKB particle accelerator started its first physics run in late March. But a key part of the experiment is taking place half a world away, using computing resources and expertise at Brookhaven National Laboratory, the lead laboratory for U.S. collaborators on Belle II.
A computer cluster, which switched off April 1, had a storied history in serving high-energy physics and nuclear physics experiments.
A new 3D particle-in-cell simulation tool developed by researchers from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and CEA Saclay is enabling cutting-edge simulations of laser/plasma coupling mechanisms. More detailed understanding of these mechanisms is critical to the development of ultra-compact particle accelerators and light sources.
Findings from an international team of scientists show that twisted magnetic fields can evolve in only so many ways, with the plasma inside them following a general rule.
This spring semester, Missouri University of Science and Technology became the state’s only institution to join the worldwide LIGO (Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory) Scientific Collaboration (LSC) of researchers committed to detecting cosmic gravitational waves. This research explores the fundamental physics of gravity using the emerging field of gravitational wave science as a tool for astronomical discovery.
Combining a first laser pulse to heat up and “drill” through a plasma, and another to accelerate electrons to incredibly high energies in just tens of centimeters, scientists have nearly doubled the previous record for laser-driven particle acceleration at Berkeley Lab’s BELLA Center.
Feature describes use of Magnetorotational Instability Experiment at PPPL to confirm an important mechanism involved in star formation.
New crime scene investigation technique offers a hard look at the traces that particles leave before fleeing the scene.
The MicroBooNE experiment demonstrates the use of machine learning to interpret images made by a liquid-argon particle detector.
Scientists developed a method to better distinguish the tracks that particles leave behind in liquid argon.
Article describes INCITE award of major time on three supercomputers to PPPL-let team to study the complex edge of fusion plasmas.
Brookhaven Lab's Computational Science Initiative hosted its second hackathon on graphics processing units for accelerating scientific discovery.
The American Physical Society’s Division of Fluid Dynamics 71st Annual Meeting will take place Nov. 18-20 at the Georgia World Congress Center in Atlanta, Georgia. It will be one of the largest conferences in fluid dynamics this year, with more than 3,000 attendees expected from around the world. Journalists are invited to attend the meeting for free. Press registration may be obtained by emailing the American Institute of Physics' Media Line at media@aip.org.
As you walk away from a campfire on a cool autumn night, you quickly feel colder. The same thing happens in outer space. As it spins, the sun continuously flings hot material into space, out to the furthest reaches of our solar system.
Researchers demonstrated cryogen-free operation of a superconducting radio-frequency cavity that might ease barriers to its use in societal applications.
The first-ever detection of highly energetic radiation from a microquasar has astrophysicists scrambling for new theories to explain the extreme particle acceleration. A microquasar is a black hole that gobbles up debris from a nearby companion star and blasts out powerful jets of material.
Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) and other laboratories, using data from a NASA four-satellite mission that is studying reconnection, have developed a method for identifying the source of waves that help satellites determine their location in space.
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