Focus: NIH Eye Inst Grants

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Released: 9-Feb-2017 1:05 PM EST
Myopia Cell Discovered in Retina
Northwestern University

Northwestern Medicine scientists have discovered a cell in the retina that may cause myopia when it dysfunctions. The dysfunction may be linked to the amount of time a child spends indoors and away from natural light.

21-Dec-2016 8:00 AM EST
Here's Why You Don't Feel Jet-Lagged When You Run a Fever
Johns Hopkins Medicine

A clump of just a few thousand brain cells, no bigger than a mustard seed, controls the daily ebb and flow of most bodily processes in mammals -- sleep/wake cycles, most notably. Now, Johns Hopkins scientists report direct evidence in mice for how those cell clusters control sleep and relay light cues about night and day throughout the body.

Released: 21-Dec-2016 9:00 AM EST
Dual Strategy Teaches Mouse Immune Cells to Overcome Cancer’s Evasive Techniques
Johns Hopkins Medicine

By combining two treatment strategies, both aimed at boosting the immune system’s killer T cells, Johns Hopkins researchers report they lengthened the lives of mice with skin cancer more than by using either strategy on its own. And, they say, because the combination technique is easily tailored to different types of cancer, their findings — if confirmed in humans — have the potential to enhance treatment options for a wide variety of cancer patients.

Released: 14-Dec-2016 12:05 PM EST
Researchers Turn Back the Clock on Human Embryonic Stem Cells
Johns Hopkins Medicine

Johns Hopkins scientists report success in using a cocktail of cell-signaling chemicals to further wind back the biological clock of human embryonic stem cells (ESCs), giving the cells the same flexibility researchers have prized in mice ESCs.

Released: 29-Sep-2016 2:30 PM EDT
U.S.-India Joint Effort Targets Genes and Traits to Improve Glaucoma Screening, Prevention, and Treatment
NIH, National Eye Institute (NEI)

Researchers from the U.S. and India have begun a new collaborative project to identify genetic risk factors and traits related to glaucoma, a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Funded by the National Eye Institute (NEI), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and India’s Department of Biotechnology (DBT), the researchers’ goal is to help develop effective screening, prevention, and treatment strategies for glaucoma. Grants from the two agencies stem from a bilateral initiative, the U.S.-India Collaborative Vision Research Program, designed to advance knowledge in the biological mechanisms of ocular disease.

Released: 29-Aug-2016 8:00 AM EDT
Case Western Reserve University Researchers Identify New Drug Cocktail to Protect Mouse Retinas, Potentially Avoiding Blindness
Case Western Reserve University

A gentle combination of FDA-approved drugs could protect critical cells in the eye, called photoreceptor cells, against damage caused by bright light.

7-Jul-2016 11:00 AM EDT
Use It or Lose It: Visual Activity Regenerates Neural Connections Between Eye and Brain
NIH, National Eye Institute (NEI)

A study in mice funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) shows for the first time that high-contrast visual stimulation can help damaged retinal neurons regrow optic nerve fibers, otherwise known as retinal ganglion cell axons. In combination with chemically induced neural stimulation, axons grew further than in strategies tried previously. Treated mice partially regained visual function. The study also demonstrates that adult regenerated central nervous system (CNS) axons are capable of navigating to correct targets in the brain. The research was funded through the National Eye Institute (NEI), a part of NIH.

Released: 30-Jun-2016 2:05 PM EDT
New Technology Helps ID Aggressive Early Breast Cancer
Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan

Researchers at the University of Michigan developed a new technology that can identify aggressive forms of ductal carcinoma in situ, or stage 0 breast cancer, from non-aggressive varieties.

29-Jun-2016 3:00 PM EDT
A Little Spark for Sharper Sight
Vanderbilt University

Stimulating the brain with a mild electrical current can temporarily sharpen vision without glasses or contacts, Vanderbilt University researchers have found.

6-Jun-2016 10:00 AM EDT
Study Sets Standards for Evaluating Pluripotent Stem Cell Quality
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center

As the promise of using regenerative stem cell therapies draws closer, a consortium of biomedical scientists reports about 30 percent of induced pluripotent stem cells they analyzed from 10 research institutions were genetically unstable and not safe for clinical use. In a study published June 9 by the journal Stem Cell Reports, the multi-institutional research team reports on the comprehensive characterization of a large set of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).

18-May-2016 1:00 PM EDT
Visual Impairment, Blindness Cases in U.S. Expected to Double by 2050
NIH, National Eye Institute (NEI)

The number of people with visual impairment or blindness in the United States is expected to double to more than 8 million by 2050, according to projections based on the most recent census data and from studies funded by the National Eye Institute, part of the National Institutes of Health. Another 16.4 million Americans are expected to have difficulty seeing due to correctable refractive errors that can be fixed with glasses, contacts or surgery.

29-Apr-2016 8:00 PM EDT
Age-Related Macular Degeneration Before and After the Era of Anti-VEGF Drugs
NIH, National Eye Institute (NEI)

In a study of nearly 650 people with the eye disease age-related macular degeneration (AMD), half still had vision 20/40 or better, typically good enough to drive or to read standard print, after five years of treatment with anti-VEGF drugs that are injected into the eye. The authors of the study, funded by the National Eye Institute (NEI) at the National Institutes of Health, say those outcomes would have been unimaginable about 10 years ago, prior to the drugs' availability.

Released: 23-Mar-2016 10:05 AM EDT
Wayne State Start-Up, Retrosense Therapeutics, Doses First Patient in Phase I/II RP Clinical Trial
Wayne State University Division of Research

A Wayne State University startup company announced today the first successful dosing of a patient in a clinical trial that is a major step forward for patients with vision challenges.

24-Feb-2016 9:05 AM EST
Eylea Outperforms Avastin for Diabetic Macular Edema with Moderate or Worse Vision Loss
NIH, National Eye Institute (NEI)

A two-year clinical trial that compared three drugs for diabetic macular edema (DME) found that gains in vision were greater for participants receiving the drug Eylea (aflibercept) than for those receiving Avastin (bevacizumab), but only among participants starting treatment with 20/50 or worse vision. Gains after two years were about the same for Eylea and Lucentis (ranibizumab), contrary to year-one results from the study, which showed Eylea with a clear advantage. The three drugs yielded similar gains in vision for patients with 20/32 or 20/40 vision at the start of treatment. The clinical trial was conducted by the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network (DRCR.net), which is funded by the National Eye Institute, part of the National Institutes of Health.

Released: 23-Feb-2016 2:30 PM EST
Proteins with Essential Amino Acids Discovered as Key to Child Malnutrition in Developing Countries
Johns Hopkins Medicine

Contrary to popular belief among world relief workers, children in developing countries may not be eating enough protein, which could contribute to stunted growth, a Johns Hopkins-directed study suggests.

Released: 23-Feb-2016 9:05 AM EST
Dietary Link to Stunted Growth Identified
Washington University in St. Louis

Worldwide, an estimated 25 percent of children under age 5 suffer from stunted growth and development. A team of researchers has found that inadequate dietary intake of essential amino acids and the nutrient choline is linked to stunting.

26-Jan-2016 1:30 PM EST
Uncorrected Farsightedness Linked to Literacy Deficits in Preschoolers
NIH, National Eye Institute (NEI)

A study funded by the National Eye Institute (NEI), part of the National Institutes of Health, has shown that uncorrected farsightedness (hyperopia) in preschool children is associated with significantly worse performance on a test of early literacy.

17-Dec-2015 3:15 PM EST
International Study Reveals New Genetic Clues to Age-Related Macular Degeneration
NIH, National Eye Institute (NEI)

An international study of about 43,000 people has significantly expanded the number of genetic factors known to play a role in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of vision loss among people age 50 and older. Supported by the National Eye Institute (NEI), part of the National Institutes of Health, the findings may help improve our understanding of the biological processes that lead to AMD and identify new therapeutic targets for potential drug development.

9-Nov-2015 3:15 PM EST
Lucentis Effective for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
NIH, National Eye Institute (NEI)

A clinical trial funded by the National Institutes of Health has found that the drug ranibizumab (Lucentis) is highly effective in treating proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The trial, conducted by the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network (DRCR.net) compared Lucentis with a type of laser therapy called panretinal or scatter photocoagulation, which has remained the gold standard for proliferative diabetic retinopathy since the mid-1970s. The findings demonstrate the first major therapy advance in nearly 40 years.

29-Oct-2015 2:05 PM EDT
NYU Scientists Find Neural Match For Complexity of Visual World
New York University

The complexity of the neural activity we use to process visual images reflects the intricacy of those images, a team of NYU scientists has found. Their study offers new insights into how our brain extracts information about our natural surroundings from the light captured by our eyes.

21-Oct-2015 4:05 PM EDT
Can We Unconsciously ‘Hear’ Distance?
University of Rochester

We use sight to judge distance. Now, a new study from the University of Rochester reveals that our brains also use sound delays to fine-tune what our eyes see when estimating distances.

Released: 26-Oct-2015 1:05 PM EDT
$2.58 Million NIH Grant to Wayne State Aims to Improve Type 2 Diabetes Treatment
Wayne State University Division of Research

Zhengping Yi, Ph.D., professor of pharmaceutical sciences in the Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences and director of the Proteomics Research Laboratory at Wayne State University, is leading a research team that was awarded more than $2.5 million from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases of the National Institutes of Health. The team will work to discover the abnormality in protein phosphatase 1 that contributes to the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.

Released: 13-Oct-2015 12:05 PM EDT
Gene Therapy Staves Off Blindness From Retinitis Pigmentosa in Canine Model
NIH, National Eye Institute (NEI)

Gene therapy preserved vision in a study involving dogs with naturally occurring, late-stage retinitis pigmentosa, according to research funded by the National Eye Institute (NEI), part of the National Institutes of Health. The findings contribute to the groundwork needed to move gene therapy forward into clinical trials for people with the blinding eye disorder, for which there is currently no cure.

Released: 29-Sep-2015 9:45 AM EDT
How the Retina Marches to the Beat of Its Own Drum
Johns Hopkins Medicine

Researchers at Johns Hopkins and the University of Washington report new research that sheds light on how the retina sets its own biological rhythm using a novel light-sensitive pigment, called neuropsin, found in nerve cells at the back of the eye.

Released: 31-Aug-2015 11:30 AM EDT
Circuit in the Eye Relies on Built-in Delay to See Small Moving Objects
NIH, National Eye Institute (NEI)

When we move our head, the whole visual world moves across our eyes. Yet we can still make out a bee buzzing by or a hawk flying overhead, thanks to unique cells in the eye called object motion sensors. A new study on mice helps explain how these cells do their job, and may bring scientists closer to understanding how complex circuits are formed throughout the nervous system. The study was funded by the National Institutes of Health, and was published online in Nature.

22-Jun-2015 7:05 PM EDT
Three Simple Rules Govern Complex Brain Circuit in Fly
University of California, San Francisco (UCSF)

Think the nest of cables under your desk is bad? Try keeping the trillions of connections crisscrossing your brain organized and free of tangles. A new study by UC San Francisco researchers reveals this seemingly intractable job may be simpler than it appears.


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