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Released: 15-May-2023 7:05 PM EDT
Physicists take the temperature of fluid flows and discover new role for turbulence
New York University

A team of physicists has discovered a new role for a specific type of turbulence—a finding that sheds light on fluid flows ranging from the Earth’s liquid core to boiling water.

Newswise: Chemists Unravel Reaction Mechanism for Clean Energy Catalyst
Released: 15-May-2023 4:15 PM EDT
Chemists Unravel Reaction Mechanism for Clean Energy Catalyst
Brookhaven National Laboratory

Chemists at the University of Kansas and Brookhaven National Laboratory have unraveled the entire reaction mechanism for a key class of water-splitting catalysts. Their work could help pure hydrogen be produced from renewable energy sources such as solar power.

Released: 11-May-2023 6:00 PM EDT
Like ancient mariners, ancestors of Prochlorococcus microbes rode out to sea on exoskeleton particles
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

In a new study they propose that ancestors of Prochlorococcus acquired an ability to latch onto chitin — the degraded particles of ancient exoskeletons. The microbes hitched a ride on passing flakes, using the particles as rafts to venture further out to sea. These chitin rafts may have also provided essential nutrients, fueling and sustaining the microbes along their journey.

Newswise: Markey Cancer Center study identifies new treatment target for metastatic cancer
Released: 11-May-2023 9:55 AM EDT
Markey Cancer Center study identifies new treatment target for metastatic cancer
University of Kentucky

A new University of Kentucky Markey Cancer Center study reveals more about changes that happen to cancer cells when they metastasize and identifies a promising target for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer.Metastasis is when cancer cells spread from the primary tumor to surrounding tissues and distant organs in the body and is the primary cause for breast cancer mortality.

Released: 8-May-2023 4:00 PM EDT
UC Irvine, NASA JPL researchers discover a cause of rapid ice melting in Greenland
University of California, Irvine

While conducting a study of Petermann Glacier in northwest Greenland, researchers at the University of California, Irvine and NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory uncovered a previously unseen way in which the ice and ocean interact. The glaciologists said their findings could mean that the climate community has been vastly underestimating the magnitude of future sea level rise caused by polar ice deterioration.

Released: 8-May-2023 3:45 PM EDT
Atmospheric Research Provides Clear Evidence of Human-Caused Climate Change Signal Associated with CO2 Increases
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

New research provides clear evidence of a human “fingerprint” on climate change and shows that specific signals from human activities have altered the temperature structure of Earth’s atmosphere.

Released: 8-May-2023 3:40 PM EDT
Fame-seeking mass shooters more likely to plan ‘surprise’ attacks, and the novelty of their locations and targets brings added fame
NYU Tandon School of Engineering

Led by Maurizio Porfiri, NYU Tandon Institute Professor and Director of the Center for Urban Science and Progress (CUSP), a team of researchers collected and analyzed data from 189 mass shootings between 1966 and 2021, and found that fame seekers - as opposed to those predominantly motivated by personal grievance or revenge, for example – planned their crimes around the novelty of the location and targets.

   
Newswise: UCI researchers discover new drugs with potential for treating world’s leading causes of blindness in age-related and inherited retinal diseases
Released: 8-May-2023 2:05 PM EDT
UCI researchers discover new drugs with potential for treating world’s leading causes of blindness in age-related and inherited retinal diseases
University of California, Irvine

In a University of California, Irvine-led study, researchers have discovered small-molecule drugs with potential clinical utility in the treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and retinitis pigmentosa (RP).

Released: 2-May-2023 10:25 AM EDT
Self-folding origami machines powered by chemical reaction
Cornell University

A Cornell-led collaboration harnessed chemical reactions to make microscale origami machines self-fold – freeing them from the liquids in which they usually function, so they can operate in dry environments and at room temperature.

Released: 1-May-2023 6:15 PM EDT
Chances of eliminating HIV infection increased by novel dual gene-editing approach
Temple University Health System

Gene-editing therapy aimed at two targets – HIV-1, the virus that causes AIDS, and CCR5, the co-receptor that helps the virus get into cells – can effectively eliminate HIV infection. The study is the first to combine a dual gene-editing strategy with antiretroviral drugs to cure animals of HIV-1.

Released: 1-May-2023 6:05 PM EDT
Scientists discover anatomical changes in the brains of the newly sighted
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

In a new study, Sinha and his colleagues have now discovered anatomical changes that occur in the brains of these patients after their sight is restored. These changes, seen in the structure and organization of the brain’s white matter, appear to underlie some of the visual improvements that the researchers also observed in these patients.

Released: 1-May-2023 11:45 AM EDT
Occludin protein plays key role in spread of coronavirus throughout body’s cells
University of Missouri, Columbia

While the coronavirus continues to infect people around the world, researchers at the University of Missouri have identified a specific protein inside the human body that plays a critical role in how the virus spreads from cell to cell after infection — a discovery that will help better understand the COVID-19 disease and could lead to the development of new antiviral drugs in the future.

Newswise: ‘Making young mice old’ … in a matter of three weeks
Released: 27-Apr-2023 11:55 AM EDT
‘Making young mice old’ … in a matter of three weeks
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

Illinois researchers identified cells in the hippocampus that could be chemogenetically turned off to make young mice show signs of cognitive decline associated with aging. They are using this new mouse model to search for ways to prevent or reverse age-related learning and memory problems.

   
Newswise: Immune System Sculpts Rat Brains During Development
Released: 26-Apr-2023 10:05 AM EDT
Immune System Sculpts Rat Brains During Development
University of Maryland School of Medicine

University of Maryland School of Medicine researchers believe they have determined that the immune system whittles away neurons to properly shape the brain and accounts for differences in sizes of regions in male and female rats. These changes later affect behavior of the rats in their personal preferences.

Newswise: Research links common insecticide to neurodevelopmental disorders
Released: 25-Apr-2023 2:55 PM EDT
Research links common insecticide to neurodevelopmental disorders
University of Toledo

A new study from The University of Toledo suggests early exposure to a common class of insecticides called pyrethroids may increase the risk of autism and other developmental disorders, even at levels currently recognized as safe by federal regulators.

Released: 25-Apr-2023 12:10 PM EDT
Wealthy white homeowners more likely to see financial benefits from land conservation, study shows
University of Rhode Island

Land conservation projects do more than preserve open space and natural ecosystems. They can also boost property values for homeowners living nearby. But a new study finds that those financial benefits are unequally distributed among demographic groups in the U.S.The study, by researchers from the University of Rhode Island and University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, found that new housing wealth associated with land conservation goes disproportionately to people who are wealthy and white.

Newswise: Pioneering research sheds new light on the origins and composition of planet Mars
21-Apr-2023 4:05 AM EDT
Pioneering research sheds new light on the origins and composition of planet Mars
University of Bristol

A new study has uncovered intriguing insights into the liquid core at the centre of Mars, furthering understanding of the planet’s formation and evolution.

Newswise: International team of physicists explore microscopic filament behavior
Released: 21-Apr-2023 1:20 PM EDT
International team of physicists explore microscopic filament behavior
Georgetown University

Recently-published research from an international team of physicists reveals how the three-dimensional shape of rigid microscopic filaments determines their dynamics when suspended in water, and how control of that shape can be used to engineer solid-like behavior even when the suspension is more than 99% water.

Newswise: Healing the unhealable: New approach helps bones mend themselves
Released: 19-Apr-2023 4:30 PM EDT
Healing the unhealable: New approach helps bones mend themselves
University of Pittsburgh

University of Pittsburgh researchers developed a novel approach that promoted bone regeneration in mice without implantation of bone tissue or biomaterials.

   
Released: 17-Apr-2023 7:45 PM EDT
No magic number for time it takes to form habits
California Institute of Technology

The study is the first to use machine learning tools to study habit formation. The researchers employed machine learning to analyze large data sets of tens of thousands of people who were either swiping their badges to enter their gym or washing their hands during hospital shifts.

   
Newswise: Fossils reveal the long-term relationship between feathered dinosaurs and feather-feeding beetles
Released: 17-Apr-2023 7:40 PM EDT
Fossils reveal the long-term relationship between feathered dinosaurs and feather-feeding beetles
University of Oxford

New fossils in amber have revealed that beetles fed on the feathers of dinosaurs about 105 million years ago, showing a symbiotic relationship of one-sided or mutual benefit.

Released: 17-Apr-2023 7:40 PM EDT
Sea-level rise in southwest Greenland as a contributor to Viking abandonment
Harvard University

Vikings occupied Greenland from roughly 985 to 1450, farming and building communities before abandoning their settlements and mysteriously vanishing. Why they disappeared has long been a puzzle, but a new paper from the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences (EPS) determines that one factor – rising sea level – likely played a major role.

12-Apr-2023 3:05 PM EDT
Two brain networks are activated while reading, study finds
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston

When a person reads a sentence, two distinct networks in the brain are activated, working together to integrate the meanings of the individual words to obtain more complex, higher-order meaning, according to a study at UTHealth Houston.

Newswise: Eye-opening Origin Story: Scientists Trace Key Innovation in Our Camera-like Vision to Bacteria
Released: 13-Apr-2023 3:25 PM EDT
Eye-opening Origin Story: Scientists Trace Key Innovation in Our Camera-like Vision to Bacteria
University of California San Diego

Scientists have traced the origin of a unique protein key to vertebrate’s camera-like vision back 500 million years. Their analysis of more than 900 genomes across the tree of life revealed that the protein came through horizontal gene transfer from foreign bacterial genes.

Released: 13-Apr-2023 7:05 AM EDT
Long-term use of steroids could impair memory, study finds
University of Bristol

Memory impairment associated with steroid use has been identified in a new study. The University of Bristol-led findings, published in PNAS, show great potential for the identification of drugs that could be adapted to treat certain memory disorders.

Released: 12-Apr-2023 6:30 PM EDT
Is this the future of farming?
University of Southern California (USC)

Barath Raghavan, an associate professor of computer science at USC Viterbi, is rethinking traditional farming practices by developing computational tools to help farmers design, develop, and manage sustainable farming methods.

Released: 11-Apr-2023 6:40 PM EDT
An embarrassment of riches
University of California, Santa Barbara

Among Indigenous, rural non-industrial populations inhabiting the tropical forests of lowland Bolivia, researchers report, there appears to be an optimal balance between levels of food consumption and exercise that maximizes healthy brain aging and reduces the risk of disease.

Released: 11-Apr-2023 6:05 PM EDT
Study offers insights into how COVID variants escape immune system ‘killers’
Yale University

Omicron subvariants of SARS-CoV-2 — the virus behind COVID-19 — have shown an uncanny knack for evading antibodies produced either by vaccines or exposure to earlier versions of the virus, leading to many breakthrough infections. However, in order to sicken people, these viral variants must also avoid “killer” T cells, immune cells that are unleashed when the immune system detects foreign pathogens.

Newswise: New approach targets norovirus, world’s leading cause of foodborne infection
Released: 11-Apr-2023 2:20 PM EDT
New approach targets norovirus, world’s leading cause of foodborne infection
Washington University in St. Louis

Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have found a creative way to make a vaccine for norovirus, the leading cause of foodborne infections, by piggybacking on rotavirus, an unrelated virus for which there are already several highly effective vaccines.

Newswise: For Allergy and Asthma Sufferers, Climate Change Means Worse Symptoms and Harsher Season
Released: 11-Apr-2023 8:00 AM EDT
For Allergy and Asthma Sufferers, Climate Change Means Worse Symptoms and Harsher Season
American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (ACAAI)

May is Asthma and Allergy Awareness Month. Experts from the American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology caution that pollen season is starting earlier and lasting longer than in past decades.

Newswise: Combination therapy overcomes BET inhibitor resistance
Released: 10-Apr-2023 5:05 PM EDT
Combination therapy overcomes BET inhibitor resistance
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital scientists developed a combination therapy for a leukemia subtype harboring rearrangements in the KMT2A gene. The approach overcomes the cancer’s drug resistance, without adding toxicity. The study appears in Proceedings of the National Academy of Science.

Released: 7-Apr-2023 1:20 PM EDT
Scientists discover a way Earth’s atmosphere cleans itself
University of California, Irvine

Human activities emit many kinds of pollutants into the air, and without a molecule called hydroxide (OH), many of these pollutants would keep aggregating in the atmosphere. How OH itself forms in the atmosphere was viewed as a complete story, but in new research published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, a research team that includes Sergey Nizkorodov, a University of California, Irvine professor of chemistry, report that a strong electric field that exists at the surface between airborne water droplets and the surrounding air can create OH by a previously unknown mechanism.

Newswise: Scientists Use Peroxide to Peer into Metal Oxide Reactions
Released: 7-Apr-2023 5:00 AM EDT
Scientists Use Peroxide to Peer into Metal Oxide Reactions
Brookhaven National Laboratory

Researchers at Binghamton University led research partnering with the Center for Functional Nanomaterials (CFN)—a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility at Brookhaven National Laboratory—to get a better look at how peroxides on the surface of copper oxide promote the oxidation of hydrogen but inhibit the oxidation of carbon monoxide, allowing them to steer oxidation reactions.

Newswise: New shape-shifting antibiotics could fight deadly infections
Released: 4-Apr-2023 12:35 PM EDT
New shape-shifting antibiotics could fight deadly infections
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

In the United States alone, drug-resistant bacteria and fungi infect almost 3 million people per year and kill about 35,000.

Released: 31-Mar-2023 5:05 PM EDT
Keeping Time: Understanding the Master Clock in the Brain
University of Tsukuba

Most living creatures exhibit a circadian rhythm, an internal clock that repeats around every 24 hours. Now, researchers from Japan have found new details about the molecular processes that govern sleep/wake rhythms in mice.

   
Newswise: Dissecting the Circadian Clock in Real Time
Released: 30-Mar-2023 2:40 PM EDT
Dissecting the Circadian Clock in Real Time
University of California San Diego

Scientists have made progress in understanding the circadian clock, the 24-hour cycle that synchronizes with light-dark exposure, and how it functions. They developed a new way to study how the circadian clock synchronizes in real time, revealing surprises about the clock’s mechanisms.

Released: 28-Mar-2023 6:50 PM EDT
New additives could turn concrete into an effective carbon sink
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

Recent discoveries by a team at MIT have revealed that introducing new materials into existing concrete manufacturing processes could significantly reduce this carbon footprint, without altering concrete’s bulk mechanical properties.

Newswise:Video Embedded wild-animals-stop-the-spread-of-socially-transmitted-misinformation-wild-animals-stop-the-spread-of-socially-transmitted-misinformation-wild-animals-stop-the-spread-of-socially-transmitted-misinformation
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Released: 28-Mar-2023 4:50 PM EDT
Wild Animals Stop the Spread of Socially Transmitted Misinformation
Florida Atlantic University

For wild animals, false alarms are the most widespread form of misinformation. Deploying camera observatories in a coral reef in French Polynesia, researchers have shown that even in the absence of predators, escape events occur frequently in natural groups of foraging fish but rarely spread to more than a few individuals. These animals form dynamic information exchange networks and adjust their responsiveness to visual cues based on the recent history of sensory inputs from neighbors.

   
Newswise: Researchers release first comprehensive map of migratory bird patterns in Eastern U.S.
Released: 28-Mar-2023 2:35 PM EDT
Researchers release first comprehensive map of migratory bird patterns in Eastern U.S.
University of Delaware

Avian research often focuses on forests as breeding habitats, but scientists are now working to understand the vital role that small forest patches play in migration. For the first time, a team of researchers from Princeton University and the University of Delaware has created a comprehensive map of migratory pathways and stopover locations in the Eastern United States.

Released: 28-Mar-2023 12:35 PM EDT
Study finds fish assess misinformation to avoid overreaction
Cornell University

Fish can adjust their sensitivity to the actions of others – such as fleeing due to a false alarm – to reduce the risk of responding to misinformation, according to a new study. Other animals, including humans, may also have these decision-making mechanisms.

Released: 23-Mar-2023 4:25 PM EDT
Hidden 'super spreaders' spur dengue fever transmission
Emory University

For mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue fever, the abundance of the insects in places where people gather has long served as the main barometer for infection risk. A new study, however, suggests that the number of “hidden” infections tied to a place, or cases of infected people who show no symptoms, is the key indicator for dengue risk.

Released: 21-Mar-2023 5:10 PM EDT
PNAS honors FSU researchers’ study linking lead exposure to IQ loss
Florida State University

The editorial board of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) journal is honoring a pair of Florida State University researchers for their 2022 study which found that childhood exposure to lead has robbed Americans an average of 2.6 IQ points per person.

   
Released: 20-Mar-2023 6:35 PM EDT
Advanced brain imaging study hints at how DMT psychedelic alters perception of reality
Imperial College London

In a study at Imperial College London, detailed brain imaging data from 20 healthy volunteers revealed how the potent psychedelic compound, DMT (dimethyltryptamine), alters brain function.

Released: 20-Mar-2023 2:40 PM EDT
Harnessing incoherence to make sense of real-world networks Peer-Reviewed Publication
University of Birmingham

A new way of describing the connections in real-world systems such as food webs or social networks could lead to better methods for predicting and controlling them.

Newswise: Growing mushrooms alongside trees could feed millions and mitigate effects of climate change, research finds
Released: 15-Mar-2023 5:30 PM EDT
Growing mushrooms alongside trees could feed millions and mitigate effects of climate change, research finds
University of Stirling

Growing edible mushrooms alongside trees can produce a valuable food source for millions of people while capturing carbon, mitigating the impact of climate change, a new study by University of Stirling scientists has found.

Released: 15-Mar-2023 3:35 PM EDT
Study Offers a Potential Strategy to Improve T Cell Therapy in Solid Tumors
Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania

A new approach that delivers a “one-two punch” to help T cells attack solid tumors is the focus of a preclinical study by researchers from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania.

Released: 15-Mar-2023 12:05 PM EDT
Common cold gives children immunity against COVID-19
Karolinska Institute

During the pandemic, it became clear that children who contracted COVID-19 became less ill than adults.

Newswise: FSU researchers find decaying biomass in Arctic rivers fuels more carbon export than previously thought
10-Mar-2023 3:40 PM EST
FSU researchers find decaying biomass in Arctic rivers fuels more carbon export than previously thought
Florida State University

A new study led by Florida State University researchers found that plants and small organisms in Arctic rivers could be responsible for more than half the particulate organic matter flowing to the Arctic Ocean. That’s a greater proportion than previously estimated, and it has implications for how much carbon gets sequestered in the ocean and how much moves into the atmosphere.

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This news release is embargoed until 13-Mar-2023 3:00 PM EDT Released to reporters: 8-Mar-2023 2:45 PM EST

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Newswise: A Potential New Target for Head and Neck Cancer Immunotherapy
Released: 13-Mar-2023 12:45 PM EDT
A Potential New Target for Head and Neck Cancer Immunotherapy
University of California San Diego

UC San Diego researchers have identified a strong association between the product of a gene expressed in most cancers and elevated levels of white blood cells that produce antibodies within tumors, suggesting a new therapeutic target.



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