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Newswise: Air Pollution Hides Increases in Rainfall
20-Feb-2024 8:00 AM EST
Air Pollution Hides Increases in Rainfall
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

In a new study, researchers broke down how human-induced greenhouse gas and aerosol emissions influence rainfall in the United States.

Newswise: Photon upconversion: Steering light with supercritical coupling
Released: 22-Feb-2024 3:05 AM EST
Photon upconversion: Steering light with supercritical coupling
National University of Singapore (NUS)

Researchers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) have unveiled a novel concept termed “supercritical coupling” that enables several folds increase in photon upconversion efficiency. This discovery not only challenges existing paradigms, but also opens a new direction in the control of light emission.

Newswise:Video Embedded new-realistic-computer-model-will-help-robots-collect-moon-dust
VIDEO
20-Feb-2024 4:05 AM EST
New realistic computer model will help robots collect Moon dust
University of Bristol

A new computer model mimics Moon dust so well that it could lead to smoother and safer Lunar robot teleoperations.

Newswise: Modeling tree masting
Released: 21-Feb-2024 9:00 PM EST
Modeling tree masting
Hokkaido University

The effects of a phenomenon called tree masting on ecosystems and food webs can be better understood thanks to new theoretical models validated by real world observations.

Released: 21-Feb-2024 5:05 PM EST
Discovery led by MSU researchers can reduce harmful chemicals produced in fried potatoes
Michigan State University

A team of scientists led by Michigan State University professors Jiming Jiang and David Douches has discovered a key mechanism behind the darkening and potential health concerns associated with cold-stored potatoes.

Released: 21-Feb-2024 4:00 PM EST
MD Anderson researchers receive over $25.5 million in CPRIT funding
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center

The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center today was awarded 16 grants totaling over $25.5 million from the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT) in support of cancer screening, early detection and prevention programs, faculty recruitment, and groundbreaking cancer research across all areas of the institution.

   
Released: 21-Feb-2024 3:05 PM EST
Snaking toward a universal antivenom
Scripps Research Institute

Scripps Research scientists discovered antibodies that protect against a host of lethal snake venoms.

   
Newswise: Human-AI coworking
Released: 21-Feb-2024 3:05 PM EST
Human-AI coworking
Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Though artificial intelligence decreases human error in experimentation, human experts outperform AI when identifying causation or working with small data sets. To capitalize on AI and researcher strengths, ORNL scientists, in collaboration with colleagues at National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, and the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, developed a human-AI collaboration recommender system for improved experimentation performance.

Newswise: Did neanderthals use glue? Researchers find evidence that sticks
Released: 21-Feb-2024 3:05 PM EST
Did neanderthals use glue? Researchers find evidence that sticks
New York University

Neanderthals created stone tools held together by a multi-component adhesive, a team of scientists has discovered.

Newswise: SLAC scientists explain: What is inertial fusion energy?
Released: 21-Feb-2024 2:05 PM EST
SLAC scientists explain: What is inertial fusion energy?
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory

Following ignition demonstrations at the National Ignition Facility, the prospect of developing a fusion energy source using lasers looks brighter than ever. Here, SLAC experts weigh in on what it will take to develop the science and technology toward that aim and how the lab and its partners will contribute.

Newswise:Video Embedded getting-genetic-with-it
VIDEO
Released: 21-Feb-2024 1:05 PM EST
Getting genetic with it
Argonne National Laboratory

Analyzing DNA is routine in health care, but some genetic samples come from wilder places. Argonne National Laboratory’s Environmental Sample Preparation and Sequencing Facility has the skills to study nature’s weirdest, rarest genetic material.

Newswise: Research Résumé: Kun Luo, exploring microstructures for high-performance materials
Released: 21-Feb-2024 1:05 PM EST
Research Résumé: Kun Luo, exploring microstructures for high-performance materials
Iowa State University

Kun Luo is combining his experience in materials experimentation and theoretical simulations to explain the atomic mechanisms that create special properties in high-performance materials.

Released: 21-Feb-2024 12:00 PM EST
MD Anderson Research Highlights for February 21, 2024
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center

The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center’s Research Highlights showcases the latest breakthroughs in cancer care, research and prevention. These advances are made possible through seamless collaboration between MD Anderson’s world-leading clinicians and scientists, bringing discoveries from the lab to the clinic and back. Recent developments at MD Anderson offer insights into drug-drug interactions for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes; patient-derived xenograft models as a viable translational research tool in early-phase clinical trials; a novel gene expression signature to stratify patients with bladder cancer; a potential therapeutic target to overcome treatment resistance in multiple myeloma; a role for mutant p53 in protecting against ferroptosis in triple-negative breast cancer; and diet modifications to improve treatment outcomes in FLT3-mutated AML.

   
Released: 21-Feb-2024 11:00 AM EST
Engineers use AI to wrangle fusion power for the grid
Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory

A Princeton-led team composed of engineers, physicists, and data scientists from the University and the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) have harnessed the power of artificial intelligence to predict — and then avoid — the formation of a specific plasma problem in real time.

Newswise: UAH researcher wins 2024 Worthington Medal for innovations in pumping sciences
Released: 21-Feb-2024 10:05 AM EST
UAH researcher wins 2024 Worthington Medal for innovations in pumping sciences
University of Alabama Huntsville

Dr. Phillip Ligrani, Eminent Scholar in Propulsion at The University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH), has won the 2024 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Henry R. Worthington Medal for developing innovative micro, millimeter and macro-scale pumping devices. Ligrani’s innovations are beneficial to a variety of applications, such as transporting biological samples without significant alteration or destruction of cells, and supplying coolant to maintain the temperatures of components subject to thermal loading, like lasers.

Newswise: UT-Battelle donates $186,000 to support SEEED’s green construction program
Released: 21-Feb-2024 9:10 AM EST
UT-Battelle donates $186,000 to support SEEED’s green construction program
Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Oak Ridge National Laboratory’s managing contractor, UT-Battelle, presented a donation of $186,000 to Socially Equal Energy Efficient Development, or SEEED, to support the nonprofit’s third green solar home as part of their Green Construction Program.

Newswise: Burning landfill gases is dangerous, RUDN ecologists say
Released: 21-Feb-2024 9:10 AM EST
Burning landfill gases is dangerous, RUDN ecologists say
Scientific Project Lomonosov

RUDN University ecologists and a professor from the Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST) have shown that the combustion of landfill gas in flares continues to pose a danger to the health of the environment and humans. Moreover, it is likely that the situation only gets worse after flaring

Newswise: KIER’s Success in the Development of the World's Top-level Semi-transparent Perovskite Solar Cells.
Released: 21-Feb-2024 9:00 AM EST
KIER’s Success in the Development of the World's Top-level Semi-transparent Perovskite Solar Cells.
National Research Council of Science and Technology

KIER has achieved advancements in the stability and efficiency of semi-transparent perovskite solar cells.

Newswise: Mapping the Future of Rural Revitalization: A New Study Sheds Light on China's Rural Dynamics
Released: 21-Feb-2024 9:00 AM EST
Mapping the Future of Rural Revitalization: A New Study Sheds Light on China's Rural Dynamics
Chinese Academy of Sciences

Recent research offers a fresh perspective on the revitalization of rural China through an in-depth analysis of the interconnected development of population, land, and industry in 2020. This study shines a light on the spatial dynamics and underlying factors contributing to rural disparities, providing a critical foundation for crafting scientific, effective, sustainable development strategic plan.

Newswise: Study Details Toxic Elements Found in Stranded Whales, Dolphins Over 15 Years
Released: 21-Feb-2024 8:30 AM EST
Study Details Toxic Elements Found in Stranded Whales, Dolphins Over 15 Years
Florida Atlantic University

Researchers evaluated the prevalence, concentration and tissue distribution of essential and non-essential trace elements, including heavy metal toxicants in tissue (blubber, kidney, liver, skeletal muscle, skin) and fecal samples. Findings reveal how toxicant levels relate to their sex, breed, age and other demographic factors.

16-Feb-2024 8:00 AM EST
Compounds in female ginseng could lead to new osteoporosis treatments
American Chemical Society (ACS)

Drugs for treating osteoporosis can be expensive and have side effects. In the search for alternative drug candidates, researchers reporting in ACS Central Science have discovered and fully replicated a compound from female ginseng that had potent anti-osteoporotic activity in cellular tests.

   
16-Feb-2024 8:00 AM EST
Mercury levels in tuna remain nearly unchanged since 1971, study says
American Chemical Society (ACS)

Tuna can build up high levels of methylmercury from feeding on contaminated prey. Despite efforts to reduce mercury emissions, researchers report in ACS’ Environmental Science & Technology Letters that levels in tuna appear to be unchanged.

16-Feb-2024 8:00 AM EST
Highways through historically redlined areas likely cause air pollution disparities today
American Chemical Society (ACS)

Historically "redlined" areas – neighborhoods with primarily Black or immigrant communities – are exposed to more air pollution than other urban neighborhoods. According to research published in ACS’ Environmental Science & Technology, the cause could relate to nearby highways or industrial parks.

Newswise:Video Embedded diesel-exhaust-may-harm-immune-system-trigger-inflammation
VIDEO
Released: 21-Feb-2024 7:55 AM EST
Diesel Exhaust May Harm Immune System, Trigger Inflammation
American Physiological Society (APS)

Exposure to diesel exhaust particles triggers higher levels of inflammation, especially during a respiratory infection.

   
Newswise: Weedy rice gets competitive boost from its wild neighbors
19-Feb-2024 8:05 AM EST
Weedy rice gets competitive boost from its wild neighbors
Washington University in St. Louis

Weedy rice is an agricultural pest with a global economic impact. It is an aggressive weed that outcompetes cultivated rice and causes billions of dollars in yield losses worldwide. A study from Washington University in St. Louis offers new insights into genetic changes that give weedy rice its edge over cultivated rice in tropical regions of the world.

Newswise: First-ever report of Nesting of incredibly rare and endangered giant turtle
Released: 21-Feb-2024 4:05 AM EST
First-ever report of Nesting of incredibly rare and endangered giant turtle
University of Portsmouth

Biologists have discovered a breeding population of a Cantor's Giant Softshell Turtle, as part of conservation efforts in the south of India.

Newswise: Membrane Technology: Looking Deep into Smallest Pores
Released: 21-Feb-2024 4:05 AM EST
Membrane Technology: Looking Deep into Smallest Pores
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

Membranes of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VaCNT) can be used to clean or desalinate water at high flow rate and low pressure. Recently, researchers of Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) and partners carried out steroid hormone adsorption experiments to study the interplay of forces in the small pores. They found that VaCNT of specific pore geometry and pore surface structure are suited for use as highly selective membranes. The researchers report in Nature Communications. (DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44883-2)

Newswise: Genetic insights and conservation challenges of Nara's sacred deer
Released: 21-Feb-2024 3:05 AM EST
Genetic insights and conservation challenges of Nara's sacred deer
Fukushima University

In a world where human activities have left an indelible mark on ecosystems, the preservation of species and natural landscapes has become an urgent global concern.

Newswise: Giant new snake species identified in the Amazon
Released: 21-Feb-2024 2:05 AM EST
Giant new snake species identified in the Amazon
University of Queensland

A team of scientists on location with a film crew in the remote Amazon has uncovered a previously undocumented species of giant anaconda.

Newswise: Junk DNA in birds may hold key to safe, efficient gene therapy
Released: 21-Feb-2024 2:05 AM EST
Junk DNA in birds may hold key to safe, efficient gene therapy
University of California, Berkeley

The recent approval of a CRISPR-Cas9 therapy for sickle cell disease demonstrates that gene editing tools can do a superb job knocking out genes to cure hereditary disease.

   
Newswise: Study shows UK offshores emissions through used vehicle exports
Released: 21-Feb-2024 1:05 AM EST
Study shows UK offshores emissions through used vehicle exports
University of Oxford

Published today in Nature Climate Change, the study found that exported used vehicles generate at least 13-53% more emissions per mile than those that are scrapped or on the road in Great Britain.

Newswise: Even very low levels of pesticide exposure can affect fish for generations, study finds
Released: 21-Feb-2024 1:05 AM EST
Even very low levels of pesticide exposure can affect fish for generations, study finds
Oregon State University

Fish exposed to some pesticides at extremely low concentrations for a brief period of time can demonstrate lasting behavioral changes, with the impact extending to offspring that were never exposed firsthand, a recent study found.

Newswise: These Tiny Power Converters Run on Vibrational Energy
Released: 20-Feb-2024 5:05 PM EST
These Tiny Power Converters Run on Vibrational Energy
University of California San Diego

Scientists at the University of California San Diego and CEA-Leti have developed a ground-breaking piezoelectric-based DC-DC converter that unifies all power switches onto a single chip to increase power density. This new power topology, which extends beyond existing topologies, blends the advantages of piezoelectric converters with capacitive-based DC-DC converters.

Newswise: Surprising Strategies: Scientists Quantify the Activity of Algal-Associated Bacteria at the Microscale
Released: 20-Feb-2024 4:05 PM EST
Surprising Strategies: Scientists Quantify the Activity of Algal-Associated Bacteria at the Microscale
Department of Energy, Office of Science

Microalgae in water are responsible for roughly 50% of the photosynthesis that converts carbon dioxide from the atmosphere into organic carbon. Researchers have now quantified the activity in the microbiome associated with these microalgae to investigate how the microbiome’s members process and exchange carbon and nitrogen from algal cells. They used isotopes and high-resolution imaging mass spectrometry to quantify these exchanges at the single-cell level.

Released: 20-Feb-2024 3:05 PM EST
Water quality monitor, locust-inspired electronic nose under development
Washington University in St. Louis

Two teams of engineers led by faculty in the McKelvey School of Engineering at Washington University in St. Louis will work toward developing products to monitor drinking water quality and to detect explosives with an electronic nose with one-year, $650,000 Convergence Accelerator Phase 1 grants from the National Science Foundation (NSF).

Newswise: MTSU Quantum takes new leap with two NSF grants totaling $1M-plus
Released: 20-Feb-2024 3:05 PM EST
MTSU Quantum takes new leap with two NSF grants totaling $1M-plus
Middle Tennessee State University

Middle Tennessee State University’s Quantum Science Initiative is taking more giant leaps with two new grants — totaling more than $1 million — from the National Science Foundation to expand research, education and inclusivity in quantum education.

   
Released: 20-Feb-2024 2:05 PM EST
U.S. Department of Energy Announces $61 Million for Small Business Research and Development Grants
Department of Energy, Office of Science

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) today announced awards totaling $61 million for small businesses in 17 states. The 50 projects funded by DOE’s Office of Science include the development of advanced scientific instruments, advanced materials, and clean energy conversion and storage technologies that will conduct climate research and advance the Biden-Harris Administration’s goal of a net-zero emissions economy.

   
Newswise: Collegiate cyber defenders shine in CyberForce Program’s inaugural Conquer the Hill — Command Edition competition
Released: 20-Feb-2024 12:05 PM EST
Collegiate cyber defenders shine in CyberForce Program’s inaugural Conquer the Hill — Command Edition competition
Argonne National Laboratory

More than 75 college students competed to test their skills in the fundamentals of IT and cybersecurity infrastructure in the DOE CyberForce Program’s inaugural Conquer the Hill — Command Edition competition.

Newswise: GW Research Explores How People Make a Snap Judgment About Unfamiliar Dogs
Released: 20-Feb-2024 11:05 AM EST
GW Research Explores How People Make a Snap Judgment About Unfamiliar Dogs
George Washington University

A new study by researchers at the George Washington University Primate Genomics Lab finds that even dogs’ faces provoke instant judgement from people who don’t know them.

   
Newswise: Fresh Meat: New Biosensor Accurately and Efficiently Determines Meat Freshness
15-Feb-2024 9:05 AM EST
Fresh Meat: New Biosensor Accurately and Efficiently Determines Meat Freshness
American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Despite the technological advances keeping meat fresh for as long as possible, certain aging processes are unavoidable. Adenosine triphosphate is a molecule produced by breathing and responsible for providing energy to cells. When an animal stops breathing, ATP synthesis also stops, and the existing molecules decompose into acid, diminishing first flavor and then safety. Hypoxanthine and xanthine are intermediate steps in this transition. Assessing their prevalence in meat indicates its freshness. In AIP Advances, researchers developed a biosensor using graphene electrodes modified by zinc oxide nanoparticles to measure HXA. The team demonstrated the sensor’s efficacy on pork meat.

Newswise: Healing Diabetes Wounds with a New Superhero: Stem Cell Magic
Released: 20-Feb-2024 10:10 AM EST
Healing Diabetes Wounds with a New Superhero: Stem Cell Magic
Chinese Academy of Sciences

Researchers unveiled a novel therapy for diabetic wound healing. This research highlights the use of exosomal miR-4645-5p from hypoxic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to significantly enhance wound healing by promoting keratinocyte autophagy.

   
Newswise: Media Tip: A new blueprint for designing high-performance batteries
Released: 20-Feb-2024 10:05 AM EST
Media Tip: A new blueprint for designing high-performance batteries
Argonne National Laboratory

A team of scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Argonne National Laboratory have discovered an intriguing ​“cooperative” behavior among components in batteries that points to an exciting new approach to designing next-generation technologies. The team found that combining two different types of anions, negatively charged ions, with cations, positively charged ions, can significantly improve the overall battery’s performance.

Released: 20-Feb-2024 10:05 AM EST
Media Tip: An ingredient in toothpaste may make electric cars go farther
Argonne National Laboratory

An ingredient in many toothpastes is sodium fluoride, a compound of fluorine. It is added to protect teeth against decay. But compounds containing fluorine have other practical uses that might surprise you. The U.S. Department of Energy’s Argonne National Laboratory scientists have discovered a fluoride electrolyte that could protect a next generation battery against performance decline.

Newswise: Media Tip: Previously unknown pathway to batteries with high energy, low cost and long life
Released: 20-Feb-2024 10:05 AM EST
Media Tip: Previously unknown pathway to batteries with high energy, low cost and long life
Argonne National Laboratory

The U.S. Department of Energy’s Argonne National Laboratory scientists have discovered a new pathway to enhance lithium-sulfur batteries, addressing their major drawback of short lifetimes. The discovery, published in Nature, reveals a previously unknown reaction mechanism that overcomes rapid performance decline in lithium-sulfur batteries.

Newswise: Media Tip: Cathode innovation makes sodium-ion battery an attractive option for electric vehicles
Released: 20-Feb-2024 10:05 AM EST
Media Tip: Cathode innovation makes sodium-ion battery an attractive option for electric vehicles
Argonne National Laboratory

The U.S, Department of Energy’s Argonne National Laboratory researchers have invented and patented a new cathode material that could pave the way for eco- and budget-friendly electric vehicles. The material is inspired by earlier work at Argonne that led to the lithium-ion batteries in the Chevy Volt and Bolt. It could help the supply of low-cost and abundant elements for electric vehicle batteries.

Newswise: Rutgers Computer Scientist Named Sloan Fellow
20-Feb-2024 9:00 AM EST
Rutgers Computer Scientist Named Sloan Fellow
Rutgers University-New Brunswick

A Rutgers professor who studies and improves the design of algorithms – human-made instructions computers follow to solve problems and perform computations – has been selected to receive a 2024 Sloan Research Fellowship. Aaron Bernstein, an assistant professor in the Department of Computer Science in the School of Arts and Sciences at Rutgers University-New Brunswick, was named one of 126 researchers drawn from a select group of 53 institutions in the U.S. and Canada.

Newswise: Study: Learning How Cells Dispose of Unwanted Materials is Key to Potential New Therapeutics
Released: 20-Feb-2024 9:05 AM EST
Study: Learning How Cells Dispose of Unwanted Materials is Key to Potential New Therapeutics
University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV)

Are you sick and tired of getting sick and tired? A UNLV-led research team is exploring whether the reason we sometimes feel ill in the first place is because our body’s cells suffer from trash that accumulates within them.

   
Newswise: Large-capacity ultra-low temperature chiller for industrial use opens the era of “zero GWP”
Released: 20-Feb-2024 9:00 AM EST
Large-capacity ultra-low temperature chiller for industrial use opens the era of “zero GWP”
National Research Council of Science and Technology

The KIMM has succeeded in conducting the cooling test of a large-capacity ultra-low temperature (hereinafter referred to as ULT) Turbo-Brayton cooling system using a zero GWP refrigerant.

Newswise: First Known Photos of ‘Lost Bird’ Captured by UTEP Scientists
Released: 20-Feb-2024 5:00 AM EST
First Known Photos of ‘Lost Bird’ Captured by UTEP Scientists
University of Texas at El Paso

Rare tropical forest bird had not been seen in nearly two decades

Newswise: It's the spin that makes the difference
Released: 20-Feb-2024 4:05 AM EST
It's the spin that makes the difference
Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology

Biomolecules such as amino acids and sugars occur in two mirror-image forms – in all living organisms, however, only one is ever found. Why this is the case is still unclear. Researchers at Empa and Forschungszentrum Jülich in Germany have now found evidence that the interplay between electric and magnetic fields could be at the origin of this phenomenon.



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