Science News

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PPPL researchers have determined the maximum density of uncharged particles at the edge of a plasma before certain instabilities become unpredictable. This is the first time such a level has been established for Lithium Tokamak Experiment-Beta. Knowing this level is a big step in their mission to prove lithium is the ideal choice for an inner-wall coating in a tokamak because it guides them toward the best practices for fueling their plasmas.

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A recent study has made a significant step forward in improving the energy efficiency of buildings by enhancing the accuracy and adaptability of fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems.

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The Korea Institute of Fusion Energy(KFE) announced that it successfully sustained the plasma with ion temperatures of 100 million degrees Celsius for 48 seconds during the last KSTAR plasma campaign run from December 2023 to February 2024. Additionally, it achieved the high confinement mode(H-mode) for over 100 seconds.

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Dr. Cheol-Woo Ahn at the Korea Institute of Materials Science(KIMS), has developed the world's first heat dissipation material. This material reduces hydrophilicity through a chemical reaction that forms a nanocrystalline composite layer and increases thermal conductivity by controlling point defects.

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A case study on the effects of open waste burning on air quality in Northwestern Greenland calls attention to the importance of no-one-left-behind sustainable air quality monitoring in the Arctic region.

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Microbes called anaerobic methanotrophic archaea form communities with sulfate reducing bacteria. These communities can consume methane in anaerobic environments. This research found that biological processes in these microbial communities can create silica deposits that appear to entomb the communities.

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ECE associate professor Joohyung Kim has created “Ringbot,” a monocycle robot with two legs. The hybrid leg-wheel mechanism enables the robot to tackle diverse terrains, from urban areas to indoor environments. The robot’s ability to maneuver through narrow spaces means this design can be adapted for last-mile deliveries in congested environments.

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Global production of LED lights, wind turbine generators, EV batteries and more require critical materials that are in high demand. A new report, led by scientists at Argonne National Laboratory, assesses rare materials and their supply.

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A pair of medications that make malignant cells act as if they have a virus could hold new promise for treating colorectal cancers and other solid tumors, reports a study published today in Science Advances.

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Astrophysicists at the State University of New York, Stony Brook, and University of California, Berkeley, used the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility’s Summit supercomputer to compare models of X-ray bursts in 2D and 3D.

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In a new study, SLAC researchers suggest a small-scale solution could be the key to solving a large-scale mystery.

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Scientists created a highly accurate reference genome for one of the most important modern crops and found a rare example of how genes confer disease resistance in plants. Exploring sugarcane’s genetic code could help researchers develop more resilient and productive crops, with implications for both sugar production and biofuels.

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St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital scientists reversed an aggressive cancer, reverting malignant cells towards a more normal state.

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The UK Department for Science, Innovation and Technology (DSIT), through the UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) Infrastructure Fund, has announced its commitment to support UK personnel involved in research, development, and major equipment contributions towards the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC).

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B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) plays a key role in chronic itch severity and can help to identify certain types of itch with a simple blood test, according to a new study led by Gil Yosipovitch, M.D., director of the Miami Itch Center, and Santosh Mishra, Ph.D., a neuroscientist and associate professor at the North Carolina State College of Veterinary Medicine.

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A new image from the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) collaboration— which includes scientists from the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian (CfA)— has uncovered strong and organized magnetic fields spiraling from the edge of the supermassive black hole Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*). Seen in polarized light for the first time, this new view of the monster lurking at the heart of the Milky Way Galaxy has revealed a magnetic field structure strikingly similar to that of the black hole at the center of the M87 galaxy, suggesting that strong magnetic fields may be common to all black holes. This similarity also hints toward a hidden jet in Sgr A*.

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In the aftermath of the collapse of Baltimore’s Frances Scott Key Bridge, authorities are trying to figure out what went wrong and how the collision of the heavily traveled structure with a container cargo ship brought it crumbling down into the Patapsco River. Video shows the massive bridge buckling and tumbling into the water in a matter of seconds. Erin Bell, chair and professor of civil and environmental engineering at the University of New Hampshire, is an expert on bridge construction and points to the structure of the bridge as a possible weakness. She can provide insight into how such a large span could come down so easily—sharing details on how bridges are made, what needs to happen to cause such a devastating collapse and if this could happen with other major bridges.

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The Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) announced that a team of Dr. Seunghak Lee, Jaeshik Chung, and Sang Hyun Kim from the Water Resources Cycle Research Center has discovered that the natural purification of groundwater is enhanced by nitrate, a known pollutant.

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Researchers from the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China have unveiled the Fast Forward Computational Method (FFCM), a novel computational technique poised to revolutionize nuclear measurement accuracy in complex geological settings.

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Recently, researchers have made significant progress in the field of soft matter self-assembly, unveiling innovative methods to create complex spherical packing superlattices. These developments pave the way for new approaches in fabricating detailed nanoscale structures.

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New research by the University of Bristol Veterinary School has found the majority of rabbit owners could list signs of pain and could mostly identify pain-free rabbits and those in severe pain, but many lacked knowledge of the subtler sign of pain.

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Research highlights the potential significance of ectomycorrhizal fungi diversity in promoting forest ecosystem health and strengthening the symbiotic relationship between mycorrhizae and host plants.

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A team of scientists led an experimental study to determine the relationships between subpopulations of cells within the biofilm of a model microbe, revealing new insights regarding their potential.

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Cystic fibrosis is the most common, life-limiting genetic condition in Australia. It affects the lungs, digestive system, and reproductive system, producing excess mucus, infections, and blockages.

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The Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory hosted the second annual Appalachian Carbon Forum in Lexington March 7-8, 2024, where ORNL and University of Kentucky’s Center for Applied Energy Research scientists led discussions with representatives from industry, government and academia to discuss ways to transition to clean energy.

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Composting food and garden waste instead of sending it to landfills can significantly reduce methane emissions and help mitigate global warming. A new study from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign explores the effects of curbside compost collection programs in New South Wales, Australia.

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A research team led by Case Western Reserve University will begin work on engineering, growing and commercializing “live” replacement joints to treat degenerative joint disease knowns as osteoarthritis (OA).

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In a study published in Scientific Reports, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering Professor Fang Peng shows how a semiconductor device he created, named a Z-source inverter, can rapidly reduce voltage and current in the case of a short-circuit or open-circuit fault.

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Registration is open for what promises to be an exciting scientific program with important technical updates for those curious about science in the food and beverage sector.

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Psilera, a leading biotechnology company developing groundbreaking therapies for hard-to-treat neurological disorders, is pleased to announce the appointment of Magali Haas, M.D., Ph.D., to its esteemed Board of Directors.

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The research team led by Dr. Jeong Hak-geun at the Energy ICT Research Department of the Korea Institute of Energy Research (referred to as 'KIER') has developed a building energy management platform technology that transforms buildings from being the main consumers of energy into entities that produce, manage, and save energy.

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The United Soybean Board Joins the International Phytobiomes Alliance as a sponsoring partner and will join the Coordinating Committee to contribute to the advancement of phytobiomes research to provide sustainable solutions for agriculture.

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Ocean scientists discovered the new deep-sea hydrothermal vent sites on the seafloor at 2,550 meters (8366 feet, or 1.6 miles) depth.

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The NestWatch project at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology documents when and where birds are nesting. The evidence from recent years shows that birds are nesting weeks earlier than they used to and this spring may be no exception.

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A study is the first to evaluate substrate recolonization by sponges in the U.S. Virgin Islands after two catastrophic storms using genetic analyses to understand how much clonality verses sexual recruitment occurs on coral reefs post-storms.

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When the skeletal remains of a giant ground sloth were first unearthed in 1796, the discovery marked one of the earliest paleontological finds in American history.

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Leaders of organizations that fund vision research convene in Washington, D.C. to increase collaboration and maximize the impact of research funding for sight-threatening diseases.

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The findings, which challenge existing climate models, underscore the need to refine predictions and understand the cascading effects on ecosystems, including our own in northern Arizona.

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The following statement was released today by Central Park Zoo:Postmortem testing has been completed for Flaco, the Eurasian eagle owl that was found down in the courtyard of a Manhattan building a little over a year after his enclosure at the Central Park Zoo was vandalized on February 2, 2023.

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A solar-powered aircraft being developed by a University of Miami aerospace engineer could fly on Mars to help answer questions about the red planet.

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Patricia “Patti” Martin, an alumna of The University of Alabama Huntsville (UAH), has been selected to the Alabama Engineering Hall of Fame (AEHOF). Martin graduated from The University of Alabama in 1983 with a bachelor’s degree in chemical engineering.

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Up to $160 million available over the next 10 years to build climate-resilient communities in the Colorado-Wyoming region

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According to the traditional model of nuclear shells, oxygen-28 is expected to be a doubly magic nucleus with 20 neutrons and 8 protons. However, an experiment performed at the Rare Isotope Beam Facility in Japan measured the direct decay of oxygen-28 into four neutrons and oxygen-24 and found that it is not a bound nucleus.