Artificial intelligence that can discover hidden physical laws in various data
Researchers at Kobe University and Osaka University have successfully developed artificial intelligence technology that can extract hidden equations of motion from regular observational data and create a model that is faithful to the laws of physics.
A bonding experience: Study reveals potential new family of compounds
On the Periodic Table of Elements, there are elements that most people remember from school -- oxygen, hydrogen, gold and silver. But there are also the ones that you might not immediately recognize, such as berkelium and einsteinium. These exotic elements are typically only used in specialized laboratories to understand how chemistry and physics change at the extremes of the table.
A Career Built on the Strongest Force in the Universe
Latifa Elouadrhiri has been presented with the 2021 Jesse W. Beams Research Award, which recognizes especially significant or meritorious research in physics that has earned the critical acclaim of peers from around the world. The award was established by the Southeastern Section of the American Physical Society (SESAPS) in 1973. Elouadrhiri is only the second woman to receive it.
Superheavy science: ORNL's actinide abilities enable the discovery of new elements
This feature provides an overview of the science behind the discovery of superheavy elements and outlines ORNL's crucial role in supplying actinide target materials, highlighting some of the women scientists involved.
Research reveals how plasma swirling around black holes can produce heat and light
PPPL researchers have uncovered a process in the swirling masses of plasma surrounding black holes and neutron stars that can cause previously unexplained emissions of light and heat. These findings can increase basic understanding of fundamental astrophysical processes throughout the universe.
New State of Matter: Crystalline and Flowing at the Same Time
More than 20 years ago, researchers predicted that with sufficiently high density certain particles of matter would form a new state of matter that features the properties of both crystalline solids and flowing liquids. Scientists from Forschungszentrum Julich, the University of Siegen, and the University of Vienna have now succeeded in creating this state in a laboratory. Their experimental concept opens up the possibility for further development and could pave the way for further discoveries in the world of complex states of matter.
Physical features boost the efficiency of quantum simulations
Recent theoretical breakthroughs have settled two long-standing questions about the viability of simulating quantum systems on future quantum computers, overcoming challenges from complexity analyses to enable more advanced algorithms.
UD's Swati Singh receives National Science Foundation CAREER award to study dark sector
Swati Singh, a University of Delaware assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering, has been awarded a five-year, $400,000 Faculty Early Career Development Award (NSF CAREER) to explore new methods for studying the dark sector
Smart Transformable Nanoparticles Promise Advances in Tumor Diagnoses, Treatment
In Applied Physics Reviews, by AIP Publishing, researchers from China and the United States examine how biology triggers morphological changes in certain types of nanoparticles. These types of particles are called smart transformable nanoparticles, because they can alter their size and shape upon stimulation from their surrounding environment.
You can help scientists study the Sun
A new citizen science project, led by researchers at the University of Minnesota with support from NASA, allows volunteers to play an important role in learning more about the Sun by using their personal computers.
Microfountain Pen Draws Minute Patterns for Live Cells, Circuits
In Review of Scientific Instruments, from AIP Publishing, researchers from Germany and China outline the development of a flexible and easy-to-use micropen setup, capable of directly writing on surfaces to a microprecise level. The micropen is held over an ink reservoir as ink is drawn into the pen nozzle. Once filled, the nozzle is positioned for writing onto a tabletop surface.
Fusion's role in fighting climate change
Physicists Robert Goldston and Jacob Schwartz present a broad overview of the development of fusion energy on Earth and relate it to the mitigation of climate change.
Daniel Sinars: Then and Now / 2011 Early Career Award Winner
Supported by his 2011 Early Career award, physicist Daniel Sinars created the first platforms and images of the X-ray sources created on the Z machine at Sandia National Laboratories.
New Los Alamos program supports opportunities for indigenous women in physics
A newly funded program at Los Alamos National Laboratory, in collaboration with Fort Lewis College, supports undergraduate indigenous women interested in a career in physics.
New Leader of San Diego Supercomputer Center Named
The lead of SDSC's Distributed High-Throughput Computing Group, executive director of the Open Science Grid, a physics professor and a founding faculty member of the Halicioğlu Data Science Institute at UC San Diego becomes SDSC's new director.
Understanding Mouthfeel of Food Using Physics
Our understanding of how microscopic structure and changes in the shape of food affect food texture remains underdeveloped, so researchers from Denmark and Germany conducted a series of experiments relating food microstructure and rheology to texture. In Physics of Fluids, they used coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy to relate the molecular makeup of the fat in foods with the rheological and mechanical properties of the food. The foods in question: foie gras and pate.
Measuring the Speed of Sound in Dense Nuclear Matter
Physicists have proposed a method to measure the speed of sound characterizing matter created in nuclear collisions. Heavy nuclei consist of hundreds of protons and neutrons, which themselves are composed of quarks and gluons. In heavy-ion collisions, the energy density of matter reaches very high levels, and the nucleons become a quark-gluon plasma. Experimental analyses can reveal properties of the quark-gluon plasma, helping scientists learn about the thermodynamics of dense nuclear matter.
Printing Technique Creates Effective Skin Equivalent, Heals Wounds
In APL Bioengineering, researchers have developed an approach to print skin equivalents, which may play a future role in facilitating the healing of chronic wounds. They used suspended layer additive manufacturing, creating a gel-like material to support the skin equivalent that can then support a second phase of gel injection. During printing, the skin layers are deposited within the support gel. After printing, the team washed away the support material, leaving behind the layered skin equivalent.
Air Bubbles Sound Climate Change's Impact on Glaciers #ASA181
Air trapped with ice below glacier surfaces becomes a compressed bubble-ice mixture that builds pressure during the long passage to the glacier terminus. The glacier ice holds ancient bubbles of air that can be up to 20 atmospheres of pressure and generate detectable sounds when they are released as the ice melts. Scientists can listen to the release of the air and potentially use the sounds to help them gauge the impact of climate change on the ice floes.
Shaping up nicely: Adjusting the plasma edge can improve the performance of a star on Earth
While trying out a new device that injects powder to clean up the walls of the world's largest stellarator, scientists were pleased to find that the bits of atoms confined by magnetic fields within the device got temporarily hotter after each injection, leading to better fusion performance.
Scientists Show How to Increase the Endurance of Stainless Steel by 1.8 Times
Associate Professor of RUDN University in partnership with scientists from Italy and Turkey found the optimal parameters for cold working on steel. This makes it possible to increase the endurance of 316L steel by 81.25%.
Wild blue wonder: X-ray beam explores food color protein
A natural food colorant called phycocyanin provides a fun, vivid blue in soft drinks, but it is unstable on grocery shelves. Cornell University's synchrotron is helping to steady it.
Lego Down! Focused Vibrations Knock Over Minifigures #ASA181
To demonstrate the power of focused vibrations, researchers use speaker shakers to generate vibrations in a plate. They place Lego minifigures on the plate, choose a target, and measure the impulse response between each shaker and the target location. Playing that very response from the shakers, but reversed in time, creates sound waves that constructively interfere at the target minifigure. The focused energy knocks over the single Lego minifig without disrupting the surrounding minifigs.
Physicists exploit space and time symmetries to control quantum materials
Physicists from Exeter and Trondheim have developed a theory describing how space reflection and time reversal symmetries can be exploited, allowing for greater control of transport and correlations within quantum materials.