Pioneering the Cellular Frontier
Scientists use a multimodal approach that combines hard X-ray computed tomography and X-ray fluorescence imaging to see the structure and chemical processes inside of a single cell.
Creating loops of liquid lithium for fusion temperature control
The thin slats of a PPPL prototype might create the ideal path for molten metal to carry away excess heat from a fusing plasma.
Resolved: A Long-Debated Anomaly in How Nuclei Spin
Atomic nuclei vary in shape from prolate to oblate, and these shapes have different moments of inertia, such that it takes different amounts of energy to spin different nuclei. Previous research has suggested that the amount of energy to spin some nuclei ever faster changes unexpectedly due to an anomalous increase in the moment of inertia, possibly because nuclei start to bulge out.
Argonne-led research working toward reducing electronic waste with biodegradable luminescent polymers
Argonne-led research working toward reducing electronic waste with biodegradable luminescent polymers with high light-emitting efficiencies.
Artificial intelligence tools secure tomorrow's electric grid
Researchers at the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory and partner institutions have launched a project to develop an innovative suite of tools that will employ machine learning algorithms for more effective cybersecurity analysis of the U.S. power grid.
Scientists Discover Energy and Pressure Analogies Linking Hadrons, Superconductors, and Cosmic Expansion
Researchers have found similarities in how concepts of energy, pressure, and confinement apply to atomic nuclei and superconductivity. Specifically, in both hadrons and superconductors, how particles are confined to a specific volume can be described with the same mathematical framework derived from quantum chromodynamics.
Although Tiny, Peatland Microorganisms Have a Big Impact on Climate
Polyphenols are generally toxic to microorganisms. In peatlands, scientists thought microorganisms avoided this toxicity by degrading polyphenols using an oxygen-dependent enzyme, and thus that low-oxygen conditions inhibit microbes' carbon cycling.
A New Approach to Accelerate the Discovery of Quantum Materials
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have successfully demonstrated an innovative approach to find breakthrough materials for quantum applications. The approach uses rapid computing methods to predict the properties of hundreds of materials, identifying short lists of the most promising ones.
Scientists develop new artificial intelligence method to create material 'fingerprints'
Researchers at the Advanced Photon Source and Center for Nanoscale Materials of the U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory have developed a new technique that pairs artificial intelligence and X-ray science.
Researchers Directly Simulate the Fusion of Oxygen and Carbon Nuclei
The fusion of two nuclei is a complex process influenced by the relative energy and angular momentum of the nuclei and how their structures evolve as they collide. In this study, the researchers performed the most comprehensive computation to date of fusion reaction processes.
AI Model Harnesses Physics to Autocorrect Remote Sensing Data
Scientists are using AI to counter the effects of the atmosphere and provide clearer data to satellites, using physics-informed machine learning.
Caught in the Actinium
Researchers grew crystals containing actinium and illuminated them with X-rays to learn how the radioactive metal binds with other elements. That information could help design better cancer treatments.
What Flavor Is that Neutrino? Adding Flavor Helps to Track Neutrino Movement in Astrophysical Systems
Because of the number and density of neutrinos involved, it is nearly impossible to calculate the movement of neutrinos from compact astrophysical systems such as core-collapse supernovae and neutron star mergers.
Oxygen Tweaking May be Key to Accelerator Optimization
Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility are exploring how adding oxygen to the surfaces of particle accelerator cavities, one of the most critical parts of an accelerator, can help scientists custom-tailor their properties for maximum efficiency and minimum cost.
'Check out' that power
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have opened a new virtual library where visitors can check out waveforms instead of books.The Grid Event Signature Library is an open-access online collection of datasets containing waveforms, which are visual representations of behaviors of the electric grid. Utilities and research institutions contributed anonymized data including voltage, current and frequency information collected by operating equipment.
Biological Science Helps Fuel the Future of Electric Air Travel
In a new study, a team of researchers led by Berkeley Lab used a bioscience technique to study the intricate interactions within the anode, cathode, and electrolyte of electric aircraft batteries. One of the most significant findings was the discovery that certain salts mixed into the battery electrolyte formed a protective coating on cathode particles, making them far more resistant to corrosion, thereby enhancing battery life.
SLAC's high-speed electron camera uncovers a new 'light-twisting' behavior in an ultrathin material
Using SLAC's instrument for ultrafast electron diffraction (MeV-UED), one of the lab's world-leading tools for ultrafast science, researchers discovered how an ultrathin material can circularly polarize light. This discovery sets up a promising approach to manipulate light for applications in optoelectronic devices.
Scientists Study How Bc Mesons Form to Gain More Information from Ultra-Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions
Scientists use collisions of heavy ions to produce quark-gluon plasma containing large numbers of the heavy charm and bottom quarks. The recombination of freely moving charm and bottom quarks facilitates the production of Bc mesons. In this study, researchers carried out theoretical simulations of charm and bottom quarks diffusing through the quark gluon plasma and found that these quarks' recombination can enhance the production of Bc mesons.
Argonne develops new kind of AI model for weather prediction
Argonne environmental and computer scientists have developed a new kind of model, called a foundation model, to predict weather and eventually climate.
Detecting defects in tomorrow's technology
Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory are applying their expertise in physics, chemistry and computer modeling to create the next generation of computer chips, aiming for processes and materials that will produce chips with smaller features.
Research Offers New Insights into the Mechanisms of How Quarks Combine
Groups of three quarks form stable composite particles called baryons (such as protons and neutrons), while pairs of quarks form unstable mesons. New measurements from the Large Hadron Collider beauty (LHCb) experiment show surprising variations in the rate at which baryons are produced, defying previous expectations.
Ab Initio Methods Help Scientists Make Sense of Complex Particle Collisions
New research finds that ab initio methods using effective field theory can be used to study the scattering of protons and neutrons off atomic nuclei. The research specifically examined the scattering of protons from carbon-12 and oxygen-16 at low energies.
SLAC researchers pioneer new methods in ultrafast science for sharper molecular movies
Improvements to the lab's "electron camera" use AI and "time stamping" to help reveal nature's speedy processes more accurately.
Scientists Gain New Molecular-Level Insights into Breaking Down Plant Material for Biofuels
To produce biofuels from nonedible plants, researchers can use cellulase to break down plant cellulose into glucose, which can be fermented to generate bioethanol. Researchers have now used a specialized optical microscope to visualize single cellulase enzymes interacting with different forms of cellulose. This allowed them to investigate enzyme function in the presence of the product of the reaction and other components of plant biomass.
Machine learning could aid efforts to answer long-standing astrophysical questions
PPPL physicists have developed a computer program incorporating machine learning that could help identify blobs of plasma in outer space known as plasmoids. In a novel twist, the program has been trained using simulated data.