Heavy Quarks Probe the Early Universe
Department of Energy, Office of ScienceNew studies of behaviors of particles containing heavy quarks shed light into what the early universe looked like in its first microseconds.
New studies of behaviors of particles containing heavy quarks shed light into what the early universe looked like in its first microseconds.
To celebrate DOE's 40th anniversary, the Office of Science has collected 40 major papers from the past 40 years that we've supported via research through our national labs, user facilities, and grants programs.
To celebrate DOE's 40th anniversary, the Office of Science has collected 40 major papers from the past 40 years that we've supported via research through our national labs, user facilities, and grants programs.
A new class of plant-specific genes required for flowering control in temperate grasses is found.
Demonstrating the microfluidic-based, mini-metagenomics approach on samples from hot springs shows how scientists can delve into microbes that can’t be cultivated in a laboratory.
First complete picture of genetic variations in a natural algal population could help explain how environmental changes affect global carbon cycles.
The genetic material of Porphyra umbilicalis reveals the mechanisms by which it thrives in the stressful intertidal zone at the edge of the ocean.
Simultaneous measurements of x-rays and gamma rays emitted in radioactive nuclear decays show that the vacancy left by an electron’s departure, not the atomic structure, influences whether gamma rays are released.
Seven-year study explains how packets of light are exchanged when protons meet electrons.
The newly upgraded CEBAF Accelerator opens door to strong force studies.
Genome-wide rice studies yield first major, large-scale collection of mutations for grass model crops, vital to boosting biofuel production.
Scientists create widely controllable ultrathin optical components that allow virtual objects to be projected in real environments.
In just two years, a process that was developed by Molecular Foundry staff and users has nearly doubled the number of materials with the potential for using sunlight to produce fuel.
Confined within tiny carbon nanotubes, extremely cold water molecules line up in a highly ordered chain.
Scientists design outstanding catalysts by controlling the composition and shape of these tiny plate-like structures on the nanoscale.
Scientists set record resolution for patterning materials at sizes as small as a single nanometer using microscope-based lithography.
Big impacts on crystal formation result from small changes and reveal design principles for new materials for solar cells, more.
For the first time, self-organized, soft machines powered by molecular motors propelled fluid for hours across meters.
Specific modifications to fungi DNA may hold the secret to turning common plant degradation agents into biofuel producers.
Neutrons provide the solution to nanoscale examination of living cell membrane and confirm the existence of lipid rafts.
Researchers convert 80 percent of biomass into high-value products with strategy that's ready for commercialization.
Switchgrass cultivated during a year of severe drought inhibited microbial fermentation and resulting biofuel production.
Montmorillonite clays prevent uranium from precipitating from liquids, letting it travel with groundwater.
Seven-year-study shows plant growth does not sustainably balance carbon losses from solar warming and permafrost thaw.
Van der Waals force, which that enables tiny crystals to grow, could be used to design new materials.
Scarce compound, vitamin B12, is key for cellular metabolism and may help shape microbial communities that affect environmental cycles and bioenergy production.
Microbes leave a large fraction of carbon in anoxic sediments untouched, a key finding for understanding how watersheds influence Earth’s ecosystem.
New strategy greatly increases the production and secretion of biofuel building block lipids in bacteria able to grow at industrial scales.
Graphene’s remarkable electronic properties have surprised scientists for years. But electrons move through it too easily to use it in everyday electronics. Scientists are researching a variety of ways to direct its electron traffic: creating nanoribbons of it, stretching it, using it with boron nitride, and even making “artificial atoms” in it.
Scientists capture excess light energy to produce fuel, essentially storing sunlight’s energy for a rainy day.
The quest for solar cell materials that are inexpensive, stable, and efficient leads to a breakthrough in thin film organic-inorganic perovskites.
New supercomputing capabilities help understand how to cope with large-scale instabilities in tokamaks.
For the first time, scientists modeled the spontaneous bifurcation of turbulence to high-confinement mode, solving a 35-year-old mystery.
Setting up a supercomputer is far more complicated than just bringing it home from the electronics store. Staff members of the Department of Energy’s supercomputing user facilities spend years on the process, from laying out requirements through troubleshooting. In the end, they run some of the most powerful computers in the world to help solve some of science’s biggest problems.
Plutonium has more verified and accessible oxidation states than any other actinide element, an important insight for energy and security applications.
Easily manufactured, rigid membranes with ultra-small pores provides to be ultra-selective in separating chemicals.
A new uranium-based metal-organic framework, NU-1301, could aid energy producers and industry.
Calculations of a subatomic particle called the sigma provide insight into the communication between subatomic particles deep inside the heart of matter.
This is a continuing profile series on the directors of the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facilities. These scientists lead a variety of research institutions that provide researchers with the most advanced tools of modern science including accelerators, colliders, supercomputers, light sources and neutron sources, as well as facilities for studying the nano world, the environment, and the atmosphere.
A new polymer, created with a structure inspired by crystalline silicon, may make it easier to build better computers and solar cells.
Researchers succeed in producing larger quantities of a long-lived radioisotope, titanium-44, that generates a needed isotope, scandium-44g, on demand.
Developing a highly active and acid-stable catalyst for water splitting could significantly impact solar energy technologies.
Antibody’s molecular structure reveals how it recognizes the Zika virus
Scientists invented an approach to creating ordered patterns of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamonds, a promising approach to storing and computing quantum data.
Redox metabolism was engineered in Yarrowia lipolytica to increase the availability of reducing molecules needed for lipid production.
Deeper soil layers are more sensitive to warming than previously thought.
Microbial enzymes create precursors of nylon while avoiding harsh chemicals and energy-demanding heat.
Scientists may be able to use self-assembly to design new materials with custom characteristics. Understanding self-assembly is particularly important for working with nanoparticles. Scientists supported by the Department of Energy are investigating two major methods of self-assembly. They are looking into both particles that assemble on their own as well as “nano-Velcro” that can pull together particles that wouldn’t otherwise connect on their own.
Using a genetically modified line of switchgrass, scientists reduced plant cell wall recalcitrance while increasing sugar release over three generations.
Scientists offer new insights into how the source of electrons in batteries fails.