Visual inspection of the cervix, or neck of the womb, coupled with immediate treatment of any abnormalities may be the most cost-effective, comprehensive way to reduce cervical cancer in Thailand and other poor nations, according to researchers at Johns Hopkins and Georgetown universities.
Type 2 diabetes and its often-associated high blood pressure present a double-whammy to the heart, causing abnormalities in the organ's structure and function, and damage to blood vessels throughout the body. Now a Johns Hopkins exercise physiologist suggests that exercise, mainly aerobic activity and weight training, may provide multiple solutions to these heart problems.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins have found that doses of the popular recreational drug "Ecstasy" similar to those that young adults typically take during all-night dance parties cause extensive damage to brain dopamine neurons in nonhuman primates. Brain dopamine cells help control movement, emotional and cognitive responses, and the ability to feel pleasure, according to the study.
Researchers from the McKusick-Nathans Institute for Genetic Medicine at Johns Hopkins have successfully used genome scanning technology to search through thousands of DNA bits, from every chromosome, to identify two genes that cause an inherited intestinal disorder by working together.
Kidney disease patients are at a much increased risk of death when they have delays getting to a specialist, a Johns Hopkins-led study shows. Delays occur more often among black males, the uninsured and those who have multiple illnesses.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins, Wake Forest, and The National Human Genome Research Institute have implicated mutations in a "heart disease gene" in hereditary prostate cancer. The findings offer new evidence that at least some cases of prostate cancer may begin with an infection and inflammatory response.
Physicians at Johns Hopkins, with colleagues around the globe, are seeking families to help them learn more about a rare heart condition that kills athletes and seems to run in families.
Working with guinea pigs, Johns Hopkins scientists have created what is believed to be the first biologic pacemaker for the heart, paving the way for a genetically engineered alternative to implanted electronic pacemakers.
Researchers at the Johns Hopkins physical medicine and rehabilitation department report that African Americans with vascular disease are up to four times more likely to have lower limb amputations than those of other groups with the same medical conditions.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Children's Center report that children and teens with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) are three and a half times more likely to have hyperflexible joints than their healthy counterparts.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Children's Center report that adults born with ambiguous genitalia - or malformations that make it difficult to determine sex of rearing - were generally content with the gender assigned to them at birth by their parents and doctors. A companion study showed that almost half of adult intersex patients knew little about their condition, and would like to know more.
Targeting sugars that occur naturally in the body could protect the kidneys or other organs from damage associated with disease or injury, according to a Johns Hopkins study.
The most common brain cancer in children may have an Achilles' heel -- the signal from a protein called Hedgehog -- according to a report.
Johns Hopkins physicians report an extraordinarily high success rate for kidney transplants among patients traditionally considered ineligible for the surgery.
Neurological problems in newborns, including seizures, do not necessarily stem from delivery, a Johns Hopkins study demonstrates.
Research led by a nurse investigator at Johns Hopkins has found that a pain reliever commonly used to treat serious and painful forms of arthritis may also reduce the growth of malignant tumors after cancer surgery.
Laboratory experiments led by Hopkins scientists have revealed that so-called "jumping genes" create dramatic rearrangement in the human genome when they move from chromosome to chromosome. If the finding holds true in living organisms, it may help explain the diversity of life on Earth.
After two years of stubborn persistence, scientists at Johns Hopkins have determined the 3-D structure of part of a protein called HER3, which should speed efforts to interfere with abnormal growth and cancer.
Potentially treatable psychiatric problems are common in patients with degenerative brain diseases affecting movement and coordination, according to a study by Johns Hopkins scientists. Up to 80 percent of those with either Huntington's disease or degenerative diseases affecting the cerebellum also suffer from depression, impaired thinking and changes in personality.
One of the brain's most important chemical messengers has led Johns Hopkins School of Medicine researchers on a wild ride. Primarily interested in how and why nerve cells die in neurodegenerative diseases like Lou Gerhig's disease, the scientists now find themselves with a new rat model of epilepsy, a disease characterized not by cell death, but by rapid and uncontrolled "firing" of brain cells.
A gene thought to keep a single X chromosome turned on in mice plays no such role in humans, Johns Hopkins researchers report.
Hopkins-led researchers say they have identified in neurons a novel form of "programmed" cell death unlike those already known -- apoptosis and necrosis.
A team of Johns Hopkins researchers has identified and successfully tested in animals a potential new treatment for liver cancer, a disease for which there are few effective treatments.
The amount of oxygen-carrying hemoglobin circulating in the blood of older women could have an impact on the risk for mobility problems, Johns Hopkins physicians have found.
Learning about human stem cells requires working with them, but some Johns Hopkins researchers are turning to a clever new mouse model to learn things the human cells can't teach them.
Johns Hopkins School of Medicine researchers have what is believed to be the first solid evidence that genes in human pluripotent stem cells and their progeny work normally.
Resolving conflicting reports about the effect of hepatitis C virus infection on the progression of HIV disease, a Hopkins study of nearly 2,000 HIV patients shows that hepatitis C does not increase risk of death, accelerate the development of AIDS, or curb the value of antiretroviral HIV therapy.
1) Golf Okay for most heart disease patients but could be dangerous for others; 2) Tennis gets an ace for holding off heart disease.
A new study reverses the long held notion that birth control pills increase a women's risk for breast cancer. Breast cancer experts at Johns Hopkins say these newest results confirm that taking birth control pills, even for a long time, does not appear to increase a woman's risk for breast cancer and reduces their risk for endometrial and ovarian cancers.
It's a wonder cells make it through the day with the barrage of cues and messages they receive and transmit to direct the most basic and necessary functions of life. Such cell communication, or signal transduction, was at least thought to be an "automatic" cascade of biochemical events. Now, however, a study has found that even before a message makes it through the outer cell membrane to the inner nucleus, the cell is busy activating a molecular switch to guide how the message will be delivered in the first place.
A pioneering Johns Hopkins stem cell expert and one of the institution's leading bioethicists have won a multi-year grant from the Greenwall Foundation to develop far-reaching recommendations on a "second generation" of ethical questions about stem cell research.
Using brain cells from rats, scientists at The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the University of Hamburg have manipulated a molecular "stop sign" so that the injured nerve cells regenerate.
Inactivating just one of more than two dozen similar genes can cause temporary but profound hair loss, known as alopecia, in mice.
In what may be the largest clinical trial to evaluate the effectiveness of antimicrobial agents in preventing surgical wound and hospital-based infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus, scientists at the University of Iowa and Johns Hopkins found that an antibiotic ointment, called mupirocin, smeared inside the nose cut infection rates in half or better.
Johns Hopkins interventional radiologists have demonstrated that cement can be injected into the spine without prior, potentially dangerous dye studies.
A Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing study concludes female victims of physical and/or sexual abuse have a significantly higher rate of common health problems, even after the abuse ends, compared to women who have never been abused.
A new drug blocks the impact of a cancer-causing gene mutation found in a common and lethal form of leukemia, say researchers at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center.
Researchers from the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine have learned that a protein that prevents the formation of cancerous tumors in animals also helps single-celled amoeba determine direction, particularly when moving toward a chemical attractant, an ability of many cell types in more complex creatures.
The Johns Hopkins researchers who first identified myostatin as a key restrictor of muscle growth in animals now report that excessive amounts of the protein in mice cause rapid and dramatic loss of both muscle and fat, without affecting appetite.
A bacterium responsible for the vast majority of stomach cancers, a leading cause of cancer death worldwide, and ulcers may have met its match, scientists from Johns Hopkins and the French National Scientific Research Center report.
Johns Hopkins AIDS researcher and immunologist Robert F. Siliciano, M.D., Ph.D., has been named a Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) investigator. He is one of 12 physician- scientists recently selected by HHMI for their achievements in patient-oriented research.
The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine will award doctor of medicine degrees to 114 women and men from 25 states and six foreign countries at the commencement exercises May 23, 2002. The class is the 107th to graduate since the school opened in 1893. Johns Hopkins is among the most selective medical schools in the nation, with 4,654 applicants for 120 places for the freshman class this fall.
An implantable pump that delivers pain medication in a slow-release fashion directly into the spinal fluid could greatly improve the pain relief, overall quality of life and survival for cancer patients living in pain, according to an international study completed at Johns Hopkins, the Medical College of Virginia and 25 other medical centers.
A preliminary study has found no advantage to adding chemotherapy to radiation after surgery for treating advanced head and neck cancer patients. The findings of the research, to be presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology meeting May 18, appear to set aside earlier data suggesting that a combination of chemotherapy and radiation would improve the odds of staying cancer-free after surgery.
A Johns Hopkins Children's Center scientist reports success in animal studies in preventing a cascade of brain pathology that appears to both cause and signal the final and fatal stages of acute and chronic liver disease in children and adults.
Scientists at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center have discovered that an enzyme found in a tumor cell's energy center has a special relationship with a gene that controls cancer cell growth and death. Their findings may offer a road map to anti-cancer therapies designed to manipulate the genetic pathway that switches the enzyme on and off.
Scientists from The Center for Hearing and Balance at Johns Hopkins have discovered how tiny cells in the inner ear change sound into an electrical signal the brain can understand.
By filtering kidney patients' blood of antibodies that normally would reject a donor kidney, transplant surgeons at Johns Hopkins have been 93 percent successful in transplanting the organs between any two people regardless of blood type or prior exposure to their tissue type.
Johns Hopkins scientists have found that simply increasing manganese in cells can halt HIV's unusual ability to process its genetic information backwards, providing a new way to target the process's key driver, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase.
Humans may be able to develop immunity to hepatitis C virus, according to a study by Hopkins researchers, findings that add to a growing body of evidence that immunity to the virus can be acquired. The findings are important because no vaccines exist for preventing hepatitis C in humans although preliminary vaccine research in primates appears promising.
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