Preventing HIV-infected pregnant women from transmitting the virus to their newborns has long been a major concern for obstetricians. As such, many doctors continue to debate the benefits of elective Caesarian section as a way to protect the infant.
Women with thyroid disease are more likely to give birth to babies with heart, brain and kidney defects even if the thyroid function tests are normal during the pregnancy, according to new research from Johns Hopkins.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration announced its approval of brain stimulation therapy to relieve some of the debilitating symptoms of Parkinson's Disease, a progressive and degenerative movement disorder.
"Klotho," a gene named for the Greek Fate purported to spin the thread of life, contributes to life expectancy in humans, according to a team led by Johns Hopkins scientists.
Using neat genetic tricks with fruit flies, scientists from Johns Hopkins School of Medicine have found the key signal that allows a group of normally stationary cells in the ovary to travel.
The genetic underpinnings of panic disorder and manic depressive (bipolar) illness have long eluded scientists. Now, researchers at Johns Hopkins studying the inheritance patterns of these conditions have concluded that they probably are not separate diseases at all, but different forms of a shared and complex biological condition.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins and three other centers have found that defects in GNAS1, a hormone sensitivity gene, are responsible for progressive osseus heteroplasia (POH), a disease that causes rice-size bone fragments to spontaneously form under the skin and inside internal organs. The finding also represents a major step forward in identifying the genes responsible for normal bone formation in children and adults, a process that has largely mystified scientists.
Researchers at the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins have genetically altered human blood stem cells to selectively activate genes in developing immune cells. Results of the research in mice shows it's possible to transfer genes into stem cells and activate the immune system to fight cancer and enhance transplantation.
Johns Hopkins scientists report success in figuring out how an experimental compound prevents mice from recognizing that it's time to eat, profoundly suppressing appetite and causing weight loss.
Combining a decade of research advances, scientists have implemented a new method that essentially searches the entire yeast genome in an instant, looking for what the genes do rather than what they look like, say the researchers from Johns Hopkins and elsewhere.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Children's Center and St. Vincent de Paul's Hospital in Paris have learned that bone defects associated with classic bladder exstrophy are more extensive than previously thought. Their findings will enable surgeons to better correct these bone defects that cause the bladder to develop outside of the body.
Suppressing the immune system is one way to treat autoimmune diseases, frustrating conditions in which the body's tissues are attacked by "friendly fire." But a new study shows that such blanket defenses are probably not the best way, say scientists from The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
Glaucoma is more common among U.S. Hispanics than previously thought and is the leading cause of blindness in this growing ethnic group, according to a national study led by Johns Hopkins researchers.
In the wake of Sept. 11, psychiatry's contribution to America's response is to defend not against bombs, but against confusion. What is needed now more than ever is a realistic view of what terrorists do, how they think and how to stop them, according to the University Distinguished Service Professor of Psychiatry at The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and formerly psychiatrist in chief at The Johns Hopkins Hospital.
Scientists from the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins have created bacteria that selectively target large advanced tumors in mice.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins have found that measuring the level of a chemical process linked to a genetic change associated with prostate cancer could greatly strengthen standard detection of early-stage curable disease.
The Johns Hopkins University announced that Sidney Kimmel, founder and chairman of Jones Apparel Group, has donated $150M for cancer research and patient care - the largest single gift ever to the University. With more than a third of the gift already received, the Hopkins Cancer Center officially will be called The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins.
A small team of scientists has dramatically improved "gene chip" technology, for the first time making it a practical method for rapidly determining the sequence of genetic building blocks. The advance is likely to speed the search for disease-related genetic changes.
A new player is emerging in the complex world of the brain. This player, a protein called COX-2, appears to be critically important in the brain's normal functioning, as evidenced by its ability to wreak havoc in mice that have too much of it.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins report discovering a mechanism that may account for the paradoxical effects of arsenic, which is both a treatment for cancer and a carcinogen.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Children's Center and six other research centers have found that mothers who have had a herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection at the time of birth are more likely to give birth to children who develop schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders. HSV-2 is a sexually transmitted disease that differs from its common, cold sore-causing cousin, HSV-1.
Some depressed heart attack survivors are so convinced they'll never be healthy again that their belief becomes a self-fulfilling prophecy. A Johns Hopkins study demonstrates that defeatist attitudes lead to unwillingness to alter unhealthy habits and that this, more than physical status, puts them at risk for early death. Results will be presented at the American Heart Association's annual Scientific Sessions.
For years, hospital emergency physicians have used nitrogylcerin as a gold standard for identifying heart disease as a cause of chest pain. If a patient presents with chest pain, and a nitroglycerin pill or spray under the tongue relieves the pain within a few minutes, the likely diagnosis is coronary artery disease.
A Neuroscientist is excited about his latest research findings, even though the experiments' results echo his four-year-old son's tendency to answer questions with a resounding "No, no, no."
A medication commonly used for gout holds possibilities for the treatment of heart failure, Johns Hopkins researchers report. It's a drug that works by a new principle, namely, directly decreasing heart muscle's need for energy and making it contract more efficiently.
A positive outlook may offer the strongest known protection against heart disease in adults at risk, according to a Johns Hopkins study. The report, which looked at nearly 600 adults with a family history of heart disease, will be presented Nov. 12 at the American Heart Association's annual Scientific Sessions in Anaheim, Calif.
Ischemia, or an interruption in blood flow to tissue, greatly decreases the success of transplanted kidneys. There's no specific treatment, partly because physicians don't know exactly how the injury occurs. But now, a new study shows that in mice, at least, tiny molecules within specialized immune system cells may hold some clues.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Children's Center and 20 other hospitals report that a novel drug appears to make blood cells slip around each other and more easily through blood vessels, shortening the duration of painful crises experienced by children with sickle cell disease. The drug had a similar but less potent effect in adults.
Understanding attraction is difficult enough, but it's a little less so these days, at least in amoeba living in the lab of a Johns Hopkins scientist.
The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation has awarded two Johns Hopkins faculty members MacArthur Fellowships. The so-called "genius awards" go to Kay Redfield Jamison, Ph.D., professor of psychiatry, and Geraldine Seydoux, Ph.D., associate professor of molecular biology and genetics, both in the School of Medicine.
The crucial job of ensuring that just one copy of a genome gets made during cell division turns out to be shared by two independent "controllers," researchers from Johns Hopkins School of Medicine report.
Patients undergoing high-risk surgeries are more likely to have post-operative complications, including difficulty breathing, if their hospital's intensive care unit (ICU) isn't sufficiently staffed by nurses, according to a Johns Hopkins study of Maryland hospitals.
Growing fat cells and nerve cells in the same dish has produced what is believed to be the first demonstration of two-way communication between the cell types, say Johns Hopkins scientists.
Fifty to 80 percent of all amputees experience pain in their stumps or what feels like the missing limbs long after surgical wounds have healed. Now new research from Johns Hopkins suggests the two pains have different sources, bringing us a step closer in understanding what types of drugs might help.
A new study identifies an important link between the two main inherited forms of Parkinson's disease, and might also connect them to non-inherited versions, Hopkins scientists report.
Using genetically engineered mice, scientists from The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine have found that events associated with losing the function of telomeres, the repetitive ends of chromosomes, depend on the length of the shortest telomere in a cell, not the commonly measured average length.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins, Hahnemann University, and University of Maryland report sustained, treatment-free remissions in studies of a novel drug therapy approach to treating a deadly blood disorder known as aplastic anemia.
Johns Hopkins neurologists report that a rigorously high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet not only reduces the number of seizures in children with severe seizure disorders, but also keeps the frequency of attacks lower years after the diet is stopped.
Get through medical school in 12 hours for less than $150? Not quite, but a new program featuring leading physicians and researchers from Johns Hopkins Medicine and The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health comes pretty close. Participants get eight 1.5-hour sessions with leading medical experts discussing everything from cancer to genetics to mysteries of the mind to human health and environmental change.
Researchers have discovered what is believed to be a novel method in yeast for governing gene expression at the end, rather than the beginning, of transcription, the process of reading DNA to make RNA.
From Moby Dick to Shamu, whales have long fascinated humans. Their remarkable status as ocean-dwelling mammals, along with dolphins and porpoises, at once makes them related to us and yet inconceivably different from us. Thus their evolution -- the developmental steps required to leave solid ground for a life in the water -- has long fascinated scientists.
A blood pressure reading taken during exercise is a more accurate test for early heart disease than one taken at rest, according to a study presented Sept. 14 at the annual meeting of the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Minneapolis.
Gene therapy may one day be used to halt or even prevent the overgrowth of blood vessels in the eye that blinds patients with macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy, according to two recent studies led by researchers at Johns Hopkins' Wilmer Eye Institute.
In a study of more than 200 patients with Parkinson's disease, 40 percent used at least one type of alternative therapy, such as vitamins/herbs, massage and acupuncture. Over half of the patients failed to inform their physicians about the use of alternative therapies.
An experimental drug may reverse stiffening of the cardiovascular system that occurs with aging, according to a national study led by Johns Hopkins physicians.
The Class of 2005 Arrives...Saving Voice: New Approach to Larynx Cancer...Mike Weisfeldt: New Chairman of the Department of Medicine. These stories and more now are posted on the Web in the all-new September edition of Hopkins' online magazine, @Hopkins Medicine.
Only half of people with peripheral artery disease (PAD), a condition where blood vessels in the arms and legs can become clogged with cholesterol, are appropriately diagnosed and treated, a Johns Hopkins expert says.
Modern psychiatry has become mired in a system of disease classification that defines mental disorders by the way they look and not on biological or psychological processes, according to Paul R. McHugh, M.D., Henry Phipps Professor and chair of the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at the Johns Hopkins University.
Church-based nutrition and exercise programs can move African-American women to adopt healthier habits, according to a study led by Johns Hopkins researchers.
Parents, add this to your back-to-school to-do list: meet with teachers to discuss food allergies. According to a recent Hopkins study, published in the Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, roughly one in five food-allergic children will have an allergic reaction while in school, and teachers may not know how to handle an attack properly.
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