Natural estrogens may offer some protection to premenopausal women threatened with severe brain damage during stroke, according to a study led by researchers at Johns Hopkins and the National Institutes of Health.
Johns Hopkins Business of Medicine Tips and Briefs-- Listed are story ideas from the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions.
Diabetes has long been known to be one major cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), but the magnitude of risk has been uncertain. Now, a study led by Johns Hopkins researchers finds that diabetic men are nearly 13 times more likely to develop ESRD than non-diabetic men.
AIDS is spreading among young, monogamous, married women in India who get infected by apparently promiscuous husbands, according to a study by researchers at Johns Hopkins and the National AIDS Research Institute in Pune, India.
An exaggerated response to mental stress could be a marker for future heart disease among people under age 60 with a strong family history of premature heart disease, according to a study by Johns Hopkins researchers.
Researchers from Johns Hopkins and India find that a simple set of symptoms including fever, joint pain, and night sweats can quickly identify people who recently have been infected with the AIDS virus, even before there is evidence from a blood test. Unprotected sex with a prostitute and a fresh genital ulcer also are tip-offs to recent HIV infection.
Johns Hopkins researchers have confirmed that a gene related to bipolar disorder in families is located in the "long arm" of human chromosome 18.
People who have total knee replacements and later undergo extensive dental work may be susceptible to knee infections years after their initial surgery, according to a study by Johns Hopkins physicians.
Researchers at the Johns Hopkins Children's Center have found that a drug used to normalize blood ammonia levels also holds promise for cystic fibrosis.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins have used brain scans to show that intravenous doses of cocaine increase the availability of dopamine, the brain's "feel-good" chemical.
Researchers from Johns Hopkins, the Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center (New York, N.Y.) and the University of California, San Diego, have shown that drug "cocktail" therapy for AIDS does not completely clear the body of HIV. Rather, small amounts of the virus remain "hidden" in immune system cells, unable to cause disease or develop resistance to anti-AIDS drugs.
Adenoviruses, viruses that cause common upper respiratory infections, may also cause life-threatening heart muscle inflammation in adults, according to a study led by Johns Hopkins researchers.
The same genetic "secret formula" that gave unusually large muscles to the "mighty mice" engineered by Johns Hopkins is also at work naturally in specially bred cattle that have extra muscle, according to a new report from the researchers.
One in five people who has a stroke associated with heart surgery dies before leaving the hospital and only one in four is able to return straight home after hospitalization for their surgery, according to a study by Johns Hopkins physicians. These stroke victims also required hospital stays more than twice as long as other heart surgery patients.
Nearly one in four people suffers from depression after a heart attack, according to a study by Johns Hopkins researchers, who found that these patients are less likely to comply with their doctors' advice to modify their diets and exercise more often.
An unlikely team of heart surgeons and brain chemistry experts at Johns Hopkins has experimental evidence that some common drugs including anti-seizure medications may reduce or eliminate the most feared risk to people facing heart bypass surgery -- inevitable, if often subtle, brain damage.
Older people with chronic congestive heart failure can significantly improve their functional independence by exercising moderately three times a week, according to a study led by Johns Hopkins physicians.
Good results in preliminary studies of a potential diagnostic test for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have led Johns Hopkins scientists to call for an expanded trial immediately.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins think they have identified sites in the brain where "worrying" takes place. Using brain scans that measure blood flow variations, the scientists concluded that several structures on the right side are the site of anxious thoughts.
A new study suggests the amyloid plaques that form in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients are not the end products of the disease but the beginning of it, according to Johns Hopkins scientists.
A questionnaire answered by students at a Baltimore County high school shows that nearly 10 percent of them have received psychological help to deal with difficulties related to exposure to violence in one or more of the three major areas of their lives: the media, their home and/or community, and school.
Cooling the body for heart surgery causes an overproduction of the neurotransmitter glutamate, an excitatory amino acid, and can leave the nervous system vulnerable to damage from the start of the cooling process until up to eight hours after recovery, a Johns Hopkins animal study suggests. This contradicts previous theories that brain damage occurred only during the initial recovery period.
Estrogen therapy, which has halved coronary artery disease symptoms in postmenopausal women, may hold similar health benefits for men in the same age group, Johns Hopkins researchers have discovered.
Using air bags and shoulder restraints in passenger aircraft could reduce deaths from head injuries sustained in airplane crashes, according to a study led by researchers at Johns Hopkins. Such injuries account for up to a third of all aviation-related deaths in the United States.
A contaminated endoscope that may have transmitted tuberculosis (TB) between two hospital patients has highlighted the need for scrupulous adherence to endoscope cleaning procedures and the value of maintaining TB DNA fingerprint registries.
By further tracking nitric oxide's actions in the brain, Johns Hopkins scientists report they have figured out what may be a universal sequence of biochemical events from stroke to brain cell death.
A genetically engineered thyroid-stimulating compound may be used safely and effectively to screen for recurrence of thyroid cancer after surgery and cause fewer side effects than the traditional test, according to a national study led by two Baltimore physicians.
Johns Hopkins AIDS researchers have launched a multi-center study to find out if early, aggressive treatment of HIV infection can reduce virus levels or even eliminate the virus. The study also will examine the effect of this treatment approach on the immune system during the first few months of infection. Funded by the National Institutes of Health, the research could lead to improved treatments and more effective vaccines.
Why some patients with kidney diseases respond well to certain medications and others do not has continued to stump physicians. With no means to test the medications besides trial and error, finding the right treatment is often a frustrating experience for physicians and their patients.
Are astronauts at risk of developing coronary artery disease from spending time in space, or can their blood vessels adapt to the change in gravity? To find out, Johns Hopkins researchers are preparing a cargo of special cells to board the shuttle Atlantis for a 10-day trip including a stop at space station Mir. The shuttle is scheduled to launch from Cape Canaveral, Fla., on Sept. 25.
Johns Hopkins researchers are establishing a screening service that uses an automated camera to identify diabetics with a potentially blinding eye disease long before they sustain permanent damage and lose vision.
Johns Hopkins scientists studying a gene previously identified as a breast cancer gene report evidence that the gene may be innocent.
Young men who report difficulty sleeping are one-and-a-half to two times as likely to experience major depression later in life, according to a new government-funded study by Johns Hopkins researchers.
A long-term study by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Children's Center has found that hemispherectomy, a surgical procedure in which half the brain is removed, does more than stop otherwise uncontrollable and often life-threatening seizures in children. For the vast majority of these children, hemispherectomy also reduces the burden of medication and allows more normal development.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins have developed the first human embryonic stem cell lines, cells that theoretically can form all the different cells and tissues of the body.
Researchers from the Johns Hopkins Children's Center report that treatment centers seeing a higher percentage of pediatric patients are more likely to use a less invasive method of dialysis for children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), while centers seeing fewer children tend to prescribe a more time-intensive and restrictive dialysis method.
Hopkins scientists studying lung damage from cystic fibrosis (CF) have found a natural "bug spray" that lung cells "squirt" on attacking bacteria.
A study from Johns Hopkins and the National Institute on Aging (NIA) adds more evidence that women who use estrogen appear to have less risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Researchers at the Johns Hopkins Children's Center have discovered that some metabolites (breakdown products) of a common antipsychotic drug stop the replication of HIV in human cell cultures. The study was published in the May 13 issue of Schizophrenia Research.
A new laser technique first developed to treat throat cancer also may stop vision loss caused by a blinding eye disease, according to preliminary studies led by a Johns Hopkins researcher.
Johns Hopkins cardiologists have developed a technique for efficiently delivering genes to virtually all the cells in the heart, moving prospects for gene therapy for heart diseases over an imposing barrier.
Interviewing urban African Americans about their health on their own turf may be more effective than traditional telephone survey methods, a Johns Hopkins study shows.
Some complicated, high-risk liver operations are safer, easier on the patient -- and less costly -- when performed at medical centers that do a lot of them, according to a Johns Hopkins study.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins and other institutions have refined a chart that helps physicians determine how advanced a prostate cancer may be and guides treatment decisions.
A team of researchers led by Johns Hopkins finds most men between 50 and 70 don't need an annual prostate specific antigen (PSA) test for prostate cancer because their risk of having a noncurable cancer that can be detected is so small.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins and other institutions report that a test that counts AIDS viruses in blood should be routinely used on newborns whose mothers are HIV-positive so that treatment with anti-HIV drugs can be started as early as possible.
Like the ancient Trojan horse hiding a silent enemy, some immune system cells in HIV-positive persons carry the genetic information for making HIV and can potentially restart a full-blown infection in patients in whom treatment has reduced AIDS virus to undetectable levels in the blood, according to researchers at Johns Hopkins.
Contrary to what doctors and patients have long believed, coronary bypass surgery per se is not the usual cause of depression found in some patients after surgery, according to a new study from researchers at Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions and the Krieger Mind-Brain Institute.
Many Wisconsin deer and some California and Oregon bears carry a tick-borne disease that can be serious or fatal in humans, according to a Johns Hopkins study.
The roots of many adult ailments can be found in childhood abuse according to Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center researchers.
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