With enough information, physics can predict a great deal about the world around us, and that includes the fall of the ball in the game of roulette.
By combining chaos theory and high school level mechanics, scientists reveal that the random probability of a die throw can be determined and predicted, if you precisely understand the initial conditions.
“Superinformation,” or the randomness of randomness, can be used to predict the coding and noncoding regions of DNA.
Cells surf through a microfluidic chip on fluid streamlines created by an oscillating plate.
Hard coating extends the life of new ultrahigh-density storage device.
When blown by chaotic winds in an urban environment, pollutants tend to accumulate in specific neighborhoods.
Light alters pitch to detect and weigh the world’s smallest viruses one at a time.
Squishy models are anything but child’s play as they help researchers understand the building-block nature of proteins.
A technique used by animators helps scientists model how cancer cells enter the bloodstream.
Researchers capture evolutionary dynamics in a new theoretical framework that could help explain some of the mysteries of how and why species change over time.
The latest research results on the primordial quark-gluon plasma that permeated the early universe will be presented at the Quark Matter 2012 conference in the Omni Shoreham Hotel in Washington, D.C. For reporters unable to attend in person, there will be a webcast of the Monday morning talks and press briefing. To register for either or both webcasts, go to: http://www.aipwebcasting.com/reg-aug-2012.php.
Author Pat Murphy honored for The Klutz Guide to the Galaxy; author Anna Rothschild honored for NOVA Web feature “The Amazing Atomic Clock;” author Cameron Walker receives honorable mention.
Building a bridge between topology and fractals may lead to a new way of describing tiny defects in metal or the froth of a breaking wave.
Chinese scientists use silica nanoparticles resembling raspberries to create a water-repellent, fog-free, self-cleaning finish for glass and other transparent surfaces.
New findings on the growth of ice clusters in Polar Stratospheric Clouds could help clarify the process of ozone depletion in the atmosphere.
By outrunning a laser’s path of destruction, an international research team has created 3D images of fragile but biologically important molecules inside protein nanocrystals. An overview and early results of this new imaging technique will be presented at the 2012 meeting of the American Crystallographic Association (ACA), which takes place July 28 – Aug. 1 in Boston, Mass.
A researcher from the University of West Florida has designed an ultracapacitor that maintains a near steady voltage. The novel constant-voltage design may one day help ultracapacitors find new uses in low-voltage electric vehicle circuits and handheld electronics.
An attosecond is a ridiculously brief sliver of time – a scant billionth of a billionth of a second. This may seem too short to have any practical applications, but at the atomic level, where electrons zip and jump about, these vanishingly short timescales are crucial to a deeper understanding of science.
1. Bandgap Engineering for High-efficiency Solar Cell Design; 2. Sea Waves as Renewable Resource in New Energy Converter Design; 3. Researchers Test Carbon Nanotube-based Ultra-low Voltage Integrated Circuits.
1. Researchers “Heal” Plasma-damaged Semiconductor with Treatment of Hydrogen Radicals; 2. Relocating LEDs from Silicon to Copper Enhances Efficiency; 3. Elemental and Magnetic Imaging Using X-rays and a Microscope.
1) Mathematicians Model Heat Flow In Human Tears; 2) Thermal Conductivity of Argon at High Pressures and Temperatures; 3) New Ways to Stretch DNA and Other Organic Molecules.
1. A Nanoclutch for Nano-‘bots; 2. Sound Increases the Efficiency of Boiling; 3. Slip-and-slide Power Generators; 4. Scientists Evaluate Different Antimicrobial Metals for Use in Water Filters.
The American Institute of Physics (AIP) has chosen renowned physicist and writer Lisa Randall, Ph.D., as the 2012 recipient of the Andrew Gemant Award.
1) Electronic Nose Out In Front: A new nanotube super sensor is able to detect subtle differences with a single sniff; 2) Tiny Channel Cleanses Blood: Microfluidic device separates bacteria and immune cells from red blood cells; 3) Mining for Heat: Abandoned mine tunnels might ferry geothermal energy from deep underground to help heat homes and offices; 4) Wired for Avalanches – and Learning: Researchers reveal the connection between a model of learning in the brain and the cascading bursts of cortical activity known as neuronal avalanches; 5) Other Content: Upcoming Conferences of Interest; Physics Today: May Articles.
The Journal of Chemical Physics (JCP) is putting the spotlight on Nobel Laureate Roald Hoffmann, Cornell University's Frank H.T. Rhodes Professor in Humane Letters and professor emeritus of chemistry, and his recent work on hydrogen.
Bioreactor Redesign Dramatically Improves Yield; Graphene Lenses: 2-D electron shepherds; Raising the Prospects for Quantum Levitation; Nanodot-based Memory Sets New World Speed Record
1) Wind Turbines That Learn Like Humans; 2) Writing Graphene Circuitry with Ion "Pens;" 3) The Physics of Cancer: Perspectives at the crossroads of science and medicine; 4) Other Content: Upcoming Conferences of Interest.
Detecting Clouds from Both Sides Now; Laser Lightning Rod: Guiding bursts of electricity with a flash of light; Artificially Structured Metamaterials May Boost Wireless Power Transfer.
The American Institute of Physics (AIP) is pleased to announce that its 2011 John Torrence Tate Award for International Leadership in Physics is awarded to Vietnamese and French particle physicist Jean Trân Thanh Vân. Trân Thanh Vân will receive the medal, a certificate of recognition, and a $10,000 prize on April 1 at the American Physical Society meeting in Atlanta, Georgia.
The American Institute of Physics (AIP) is pleased to announce that physicist Eric Fullerton, Ph.D., has been selected as the 2012 recipient of the AIP Prize for Industrial Applications of Physics, which recognizes scientists who have developed proven industrial technologies.
The American Institute of Physics (AIP) and the American Physical Society (APS) are pleased to announce that renowned physicist Giovanni Jona-Lasinio, Ph.D., has been selected as the 2012 recipient of the Dannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics, which is given annually to recognize outstanding work in the field.
Virtual Ghost Imaging: New technique enables imaging even through highly adverse conditions; New ‘Soft’ Motor Made from Artificial Muscles; Boiling Breakthrough: Nano-coating doubles rate of heat transfer.
Physics News Highlights of the American Institute of Physics (AIP) contains summaries of interesting research from the AIP journals, notices of upcoming meetings, and other information from the AIP Member Societies. Copies of papers are available to journalists upon request.
The American Institute of Physics (AIP) and the American Astronomical Society (AAS) are pleased to announce that renowned astrophysicist Chryssa Kouveliotou, Ph.D., has been selected as the 2012 recipient of the Dannie Heineman Prize for Astrophysics, which is given annually to recognize outstanding work in the field.
A baby crystal is born; An easier way to remove gallstones; Flaky graphene makes reliable chemical sensors; Upcoming Conferences of Interest and Science Communication Awards
Entries are requested for the 2012 American Institute of Physics (AIP) Science Communication Awards, which recognize effective science communication in print, broadcast, and new media in order to improve the general public’s appreciation of physics, astronomy, and allied science fields.
The heart’s valves, which guarantee the unidirectional flow of blood from one chamber to another, are asymmetrical. For example, the two flaps of the heart’s mitral valve – which regulates blood flow between the left atrium and the left ventricle – vary in size by up to 70 percent. This arrangement, says fluid mechanicist Marija Vukicevic from the University of Trieste (now a researcher at Clemson University), naturally drives blood flow along the lateral wall of the ventricle; from there, blood takes a smooth turn creating a large vortex that redirects the blood toward the aorta (the main blood vessel of the heart), through which it exits out into the body.
Researchers create extra-long electrical arcs using less energy; ‘Noise’ tunes logic circuit made from virus genes; For new microscope images, less is more; New hybrid detector monitors alpha, beta, and gamma radiation simultaneously.
People can glean a large amount of information, including the identification of familiar songs or phrases, from just the higher frequencies.
Vuvuzelas blasted into the publics’ ears and awareness during the 2010 FIFA (Fédération Internationale de Football Association) World Cup in South Africa. One immediate question asked was: Do vuvuzelas, those cheap horns commonly made of plastic and blown by enthusiastic fans during sporting events, pose serious risks to hearing?
The sound of fingernails on a chalkboard sets many people’s teeth on edge, and now a team of researchers from the University of Cologne in Germany and the University of Vienna in Austria think they know why.
Researchers from BAE Systems in Austin, Texas, and the FBI Forensic Audio and Video Analysis Unit have taken a major step toward improving scientists’ understanding of how the sound of gunshots corresponds to the manner in which the bullets were fired.
But by evaluating the acoustical properties of the human voice, a research team at the University of Florida, Gainesville, is expanding the scientific understanding of the physics of vocal stress – insight that might one day be used to improve the detection of deception.
When we talk, the delicate tissues of the voice box vibrate faster than the eye can see to convey a complex range of meaning. But researchers and physicians are finally able to visualize and investigate this physiological feat, thanks to the development of a high-speed imaging system by a research team at the Center for Laryngeal Surgery and Voice Rehabilitation at the Massachusetts General Hospital. The team’s goal is to improve vocal health by understanding the movements of the vocal folds.
Sorting sound into intelligible speech is a seemingly effortless feat. Healthy human ear-brain auditory systems perform it heroically, even in highly confusing soundscapes with a riotous mix of acoustic signals.
A research team used a combination of historical evidence and scientific modeling to listen to music as it would have sounded in the churches of Venice 400 years ago.
Many bodies of water around the globe contain discarded and unexploded munitions, a.k.a. “underwater ordnance” or “UXOs.” These UXOs, most commonly associated with former military training sites or the result of post-war disposal, pose public safety hazards as well as chemical contamination risks.
Scientists suggest that it is early experience with language—and not special innate cognitive ability—that allows human beings to process and perceive speech while their closest evolutionary relatives, chimpanzees, do not.
According to research on third- and fifth-grade classrooms presented at the 162nd meeting of the Acoustical Society of America (ASA), fifth-grade students were found to have lower reading test scores in classrooms with higher background noise. A similar negative trend was observed between the fifth-grade language achievement test scores and background noise levels.
On land, the sound of jackhammers or passing semis might make it difficult for humans to hear, but not much is known about how anthropogenic noises in the ocean – from ship’s sonar, pier pile drivers, or oil well operations, for example – affect marine species.
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