Electron transfers represent the fundamental atomic-level exchanges underpinning the energy economies of all living things, and the results have important implications in terms of evolution and drug development.
The cells powering the heartbeat actively protect themselves from oxygen levels that are either too high or too low, a new study finds. That heart cells avoid low oxygen levels is not surprising, but this study is the first to show that they also will not tolerate high oxygen levels.
Light drinking of alcohol appears to have modestly beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system, according to some studies. A new study, however, shows that heavier consumption of alcohol initiates a free-radical mediated process that has been linked to heart disease, stroke, cirrhosis of the liver, and many other disorders.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center have solved the molecular intricacies of how a fruit fly controls the synchronization of its internal clock to cycles of light and dark.
Women carrying a mutation in the BRCA1 gene can cut their breast cancer by 70 percent by undergoing a bilateral prophylactic oophrectomy, or removal of their two ovaries, researchers at the University of Pennsylvania Cancer Center published in the September 1, 1999 issue of the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
For the first time in an animal model, researchers at Penn have shown that Alzheimer's-like pathology is triggered in the brain following head trauma. This provides experimental evidence that brain trauma is a risk-factor for Alzheimer's.
Bioengineers from the University of Pennsylvania have increased the expression of marker DNA by 60 times over previous attempts with nonviral vectors. A genetic tag of a nuclear protein provided the molecular key to the nucleus.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center have shown that a class of anti-diabetic agents currently on the market dramatically decreases the symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease in mice.
A common antibiotic called gentamicin might be able to completely arrest disease progression in about 15 percent of Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients, according to a new study in mice. Additionally, the approach might prove effective for a similar subset of people suffering from other genetic disorders.
A University of Pennsylvania Medical Center team found that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -- a cytokine molecule that is normally released during inflammation -- may be damaging and then protective to brain-injured tissue, depending on the time course after injury.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center have devised a safer, more effective strategy for bone marrow transplantation that does not require the use of drugs that globally suppress the immune system. A report on the new technique, demonstrated in mice, appears in the July 16 issue of Science.
Physicists from the University of Pennsylvania have found a new class of materials that self-assemble into flat, two-dimensional "crystallites" made from tiny plastic beads the size of bacteria. The beads seem to defy the basic physical principle that oppositely charged objects attract.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center show for the first time that brain trauma alters the specific pathways for recognizing DNA damage and initiating the DNA repair process.
1. DNA Catapult Springs Recombination Reaction Forward 2. Possible Driver for Breast Cancer Metastasis Discovered 3. Less is More in Short-term Memory Triage.
Naturally occurring insertions in sperm-cell DNA is 100 times more common than the suggested FDA limit for gene-therapy studies, a Penn geneticist estimates.
The latest developments in gene therapies, including those for AIDS, cardiovascular disease, and cancer, will be presented at the 2nd Annual Meeting of the American Society of Gene Therapy in Washington, DC from June 9 - 13.
1. Structure of HDL Cholesterol Determined 2. Cellular Implants Explored for Brain Trauma 3. Cardiovascular Phenomenon Explained After 150 Years
Head size correlates statistically with intelligence, and men's heads, like their bodies, are bigger than women's. Men should be more intelligent than women - but they are not. Now, researchers report an explanation for the conundrum: Women have a higher proportion of gray matter - computational tissue - to cranial volume than men.
Bioengineers at the University of Pennsylvania have designed an artificial capsule that imitates many of the qualities of natural cells, with has wide-ranging applications.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center have created the largest protein from scratch, with both a stable and predictable shape. Applications include manufacturing entirely new polymers for industrial catalysts and creating new pharmaceuticals.
Researchers at Penn Medical Center have discovered how proteins called chaperonins protect cells from harm by sequestering and unfolding misshapened proteins.
Researchers have uncovered a biochemical connection between presenilin, a molecule involved in the development of Alzheimer's disease, and another protein that controls crucial aspects of developmental biology.
Scientists have identified a new human gene that may figure prominently in the regulation of cholesterol levels in the body. When the gene was experimentally overexpressed in mice, levels of HDL cholesterol - the "good" cholesterol - dropped to nearly undetectable levels, a condition associated with high cardiovascular disease risk in humans.
A Phase-II study performed by a team of researchers at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center has found that a minimally invasive technique known as chemoembolization may double the survival time of adult patients with colon cancer that has spread to the liver.
In this age of molecular biology, scientists would like to know whether and how evolution operates at the molecular level in an organism's DNA. Now, in a new study, researchers have discovered a molecular mechanism that may be a significant driver of evolution in humans and other mammals.
The so-called "super aspirins," or COX-2 inhibitors, may have a downside, one that could not have been detected in the clinical trials performed to date. A new study suggests that aspects of their action in the body may elevate the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and other adverse cardiovascular events.
Using a unique combination of innovative technologies, scientists have demonstrated the ability to introduce therapeutic genes into the body and then, further, to precisely control the activity of those genes with a drug that could be given as a simple pill.
For over 50 million disabled individuals and the clinicians that care for them, varying importance placed on cognitive and motor skills is critical to treatment choices. Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania Health System have developed the Features Game to help close the gap between different patient and clinician values.
A new gene therapy treatment could reverse the feebleness associated with old age, fully restoring the muscular strength of youth, or counter the muscle-wasting effects of some muscular dystrophies, according to University of Pennsylvania Medical Center researchers.
Free-radical activity was found to be roughly doubled in the frontal and temporal lobes of the brains of people who had died of Alzheimer's disease when compared to the same regions of normal brains, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center researchers reported in the December issue of the FASEB Journal.
A new study reveals pivotal characteristics of the disease mechanism underlying a hereditary dementia similar to and often confused clinically with Alzheimer's disease.
Sexual abuse of boys appears to be underrecognized, underreported, and undertreated, according to a new study by researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine.
Promising new treatments for adult-onset diabetes hinge on the action of a receptor that controls how cells respond to the hormone insulin. Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center have now revealed a key step in the regulation of this receptor.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center have found a link between messenger RNA and the protein involved in spinal muscular atrophy, the leading genetic cause of infant death.
The University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine has been awarded a five-year grant by the National Cancer Institute totaling nearly $10 million to investigate genetic susceptibility to hormone-related cancers.
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine researchers say that the current practice of administering antibiotics to at-risk patients to prevent the onset of heart-valve disease resulting from dental work is unnecessary, according to results of their latest study.
University of Pennsylvania Medical Center physicians have developed a list of clinical guidelines to aid physicians in advising patients about herbal products as therapeutic agents.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center have discovered that antibodies to a common inflammatory-response protein can prevent relapses in an animal model of human multiple sclerosis. This research represents another possible therapy for MS patients.
University of Pennsylvania researchers find negative bias in newspaper coverage of managed care. Two-thirds of print articles analyzed provided a negative representation of this growing form of health insurance.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center today were awarded patent number 5,824,311 for a new technology that has shown the potential in laboratory studies to cure breast and other major cancers linked to certain abnormal genes.
Using computer intelligence, researchers at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center have developed a "smart" ICU system that improves vital-sign monitoring of critically-ill patients.
A new study from the Penn Medical Center shows that the common practice of self-prescription by physicians begins at the outset of one's medical career. According to the study, more than half, or 52%, of the residents surveyed reported that they prescribed medications for themselves.
Research at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center has recently added some revealing clues as to how protein folding is managed and corrects some misconceptions about how rapidly the process occurs.
In mice genetically manipulated to develop atherosclerosis, scientists have for the first time conclusively demonstrated that vitamin E confers potent protection from the disease.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center have now found a way to make brain cancer cells more receptive to radiation treatment --by 60-fold in some cases.
Three story ideas based on ongoing research at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center: 1.A Role for Prolactin in Breast Cancer 2.Proteins Deep Inside the Nucleus Hold Clues for Two Diseases 3.Tightly Controlled Protein Destruction Drives the Cell Cycle
In cancers based in unusual locations (in the lining of the lung-mesothelioma- or in lymph nodes), researchers have shown the advantages of using positron emission tomography over structural imaging, including X-Ray, magnetic resonance imaging, and computerized tomography.
How the brain works and why it malfunctions remains a mystery, but an advanced brain imaging agent developed at Penn could be a key to understanding brain disorders like Parkinson's/Alzheimer's. The finding of this agent is being honored by the EJNM with the Award for Best Science Paper in 1997.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center have demonstrated for the first time how a biochemical channel important for the exchange of cell nutrients links the multiple layers of the myelin sheath to the outside space. This research has implications for all demyelinating diseases, including multiple sclerosis.
A genetic mutation associated with prostate cancer has been identified, for the first time, by scientists at the University of Pennsylvania Cancer Center. The researchers found that men who carry this mutation in the CYP3A4 gene had a more advanced prostate tumor than those without the mutation
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