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In some good news for families of children recovering from complex pneumonia, doctors recommend in a study published by Pediatrics it’s better to send kids home from the hospital with oral instead of intravenous antibiotics. Appearing in the journal’s Nov. 17 eFirst edition, the retrospective study of 2,123 children at 36 hospitals found oral antibiotics are as effective as intravenous in managing residual disease.

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Researchers studying reproductive science identified a network of proteins often linked to cancer as also important to male fertility and the birth of healthy offspring, according to a study in the Oct. 18 online issue of Cell Reports.

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Mitch Stone was 11 years old when he was diagnosed with brain cancer. The University of Cincinnati football team "adopted" Mitch and helped support his recovery. Now 18, Mitch is a UC student rooting on the Bearcats from the sidelines.

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Developing blood cells are caught in tugs of war between competing gene regulatory networks before finally deciding what type of cell to become, according to a study published Aug. 31 in Nature. Researchers at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center report that as developing blood cells are triggered by a multitude of genetic signals firing on and off, they are pulled back and forth in fluctuating multi-lineage states before finally becoming specific cell types.

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Researchers at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center recently developed a way to assess middle and high school students’ risk of violent behavior at schools. The study included 25 students with behavioral changes from 15 schools in Ohio and Kentucky. The study results were published in July 2016 in Psychiatric Quarterly.

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Patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA) develop heart complications and nearly a quarter die a sudden death. Now, researchers have linked malfunctioning molecular pathways to specific heart anomalies in SCA that result from progressive fibrosis and result in sudden death. A study published online this week by PNAS (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences) reports the findings open a path to earlier non-invasive diagnosis and development of new targeted therapies to help SCA patients live longer with better quality of life.

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Recently, 35 children with ADHD completed the Cincinnati Children’s Summer Treatment Program (STP), a seven week program providing intensive behavioral interventions within a fun-filled camp setting. Children, ages 8-12, learn to improve social skills, manage frustration, and follow instructions while participating in sports and classroom activities.

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Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center is leading the way as the nation’s health care system transitions to more integrated and patient-centered care, according to the 18th Annual Health Care’s Most Wired Survey. Cincinnati Children’s was named to the Hospitals & Health Networks Most Wired list for the fifth year in a row.

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Fireworks can result in severe burns, scars and disfigurement that can last a lifetime. Fireworks that are often thought to be safe, such as sparklers, can reach temperatures above 2000 degrees Fahrenheit, and can burn users and bystanders. Injuries most often occur on the face or hand, and burns make up roughly 50% of firework injuries.

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Researchers report in the journal Cell Reports a targeted molecular therapy that dramatically reduces the initial development of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) in laboratory mouse models of the disease. The study, published online June 30, found increased levels of an enzyme called cdk4 in patients with NAFLD and in mouse models. Using two drugs that inhibit cdk4 in mouse models reduced development of hepatic steatosis – the first stage of the disease.

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An analysis of the results of a study of bariatric surgery and a separate trial of medical therapy in treating type 2 diabetes in teenagers with severe obesity shows that after two years of treatment, body mass index (BMI) and HbA1c, a measure of blood sugar control, are both significantly better with surgery.

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A study in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology suggests a new therapeutic approach to treat the development of chronic kidney disease secondary to chronic heart failure, known as cardiorenal syndrome type 2. In the journal’s June 13 online edition, researchers at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center suggest inhibiting G protein–coupled receptors (GPCR) could prevent renal damage in cardiorenal syndrome type 2 (CRS2), and could also prevent acute kidney injury (AKI).

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As the promise of using regenerative stem cell therapies draws closer, a consortium of biomedical scientists reports about 30 percent of induced pluripotent stem cells they analyzed from 10 research institutions were genetically unstable and not safe for clinical use. In a study published June 9 by the journal Stem Cell Reports, the multi-institutional research team reports on the comprehensive characterization of a large set of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).

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An experimental model uses genetics-guided biomechanics and patient-derived stem cells to predict what type of inherited heart defect a child will develop, according to authors of a new study in the journal Cell. A multi-institutional team developing the technology – and led by the Cincinnati Children’s Heart Institute – reports May 19 it would let doctors intervene earlier to help patients manage their conditions and help inform future pharmacologic treatment options.

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Researchers have identified a potential marker of disease activity for a severe and often painful food allergic disease called eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) – possibly sparing children with EoE the discomfort and risk of endoscopic procedures to assess whether their disease is active. Their study is published May 16 in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, researchers at the Cincinnati Center for Eosinophilic Disorders (CCED) at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center led the study.

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Researchers report in the journal Cancer Cell an experimental therapy that in laboratory tests on human cells and mouse models stops aggressive, treatment-resistant and deadly brain cancers called glioblastoma and high-grade gliomas. A multi-institutional team led by researchers at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center tested a multi-step therapeutic strategy to shut down a gene long-implicated in the formation of high-grade gliomas called Olig2 and made brain tumors sensitive to targeted treatment.

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Kevin Cobb of Texas was born with a serious heart condition. For most of his 44 years, he has dreamed of completing a marathon, and it finally became a reality after recently receiving a heart transplant. This week, Cobb completed the Flying Pig Marathon in Cincinnati in just over six hours.

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Scientists are teaching computers to figure out why people accept or decline invitations to participate in clinical trials. Recruiting sufficient numbers of participants is a current challenge in medical research that can compromise results or stop some studies altogether. Researchers at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center report April 27 in the Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association they are using so-called “machine learning” technologies to predict whether patients will participate.

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Researchers are developing a new drug to treat life-threatening lung damage and breathing problems in people with severe infections like pneumonia, those undergoing certain cancer treatments and premature infants with underdeveloped, injury prone lungs. Scientists at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center report April 19 in Science Signaling the compound is based on their finding that a transcription factor called FOXF1 activates several biological processes that promote recovery from acute lung injury.

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Scientists report in Nature Neuroscience they have identified an underlying cause of dangerous immune suppression in people with high level spinal cord injuries and they propose a possible treatment. In the journal’s April 18 online edition, researchers at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University write that spinal cord injuries higher than thoracic level 5 (T5) cause autonomic nervous system circuitry highly adaptable and develop abnormal connections that suppress immunity.