In this week's edition of Nature, scientists at Boston University's Department of Biomedical Engineering report a new model of ventilator assisted lung function. In this model the pressure of the air delivered by the ventilator is varied by the addition of noise.
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation announced today that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted marketing clearance for Simulect (basiliximab) for prevention of acute rejection episodes in renal transplant recipients.
Good communication between patient and doctor is as important to staying out of the hospital as getting the right asthma medicine, a new study by a University of Michigan research shows.
A gene causing familial juvenile polyposis (FJP), a disorder that causes the growth of polyps in the colon or upper gastrointestinal tract, has been identified by a University of Iowa-led international research team.
A gene that helps keep bad cholesterol at bay -- and may reduce heart disease risk by 50 percent -- has been discovered by researchers reporting in this month's Arteriosclerosis, Thombosis and Vascular Biology: Journal of the American Heart Association.
Lead in the drinking water of pregnant rats causes long-term damage to the immune systems of their offspring, according to studies in the Cornell University Institute for Comparative and Environmental Toxicology. The finding in rats -- if it holds true for pregnant human mothers exposed to lead -- could help explain the beginnings of a lifelong susceptibility to asthma and other allergies, as well as cancers.
For the first time, a specific pathway for the launch of a counterattack against HIV, with cells called macrophages stimulated by CD40L to produce proteins which bolster T lymphocytes ("T cells"), scientists from the University of California, San Diego and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center reported recently in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (April 1998).
A small-scale study suggests that hyperbaric oxygen therapy may hasten recovery from stroke and save millions or even billions of dollars annually in health care costs, a medical researcher says. The study also indicates that the new approach could give doctors a vital fourth hour to intervene after the onset of stroke. Current approaches are limited to about three hours
While coronary artery bypass surgery routinely saves lives by bypassing clogged arteries, many patients have a 20 percent decline in motor function and other evidence of brain damage following surgery, a Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center neuropsychologist said today.
UCLA Medical Center's Heart Transplant Program announced on May 5 that it has reached a collaborative agreement to begin training its surgeons and staff to install a battery-powered artificial heart replacement device developed and manufactured by ABIOMED, Inc.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins have discovered that the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) depends on the moving parts of a cell's surface to allow it to enter the cell.
Researchers have created transgenic mice with the widest known spectral range of vision of any mammal by introducing a gene that produces a human photopigment into mice embryos. The researchers plan to use the new mice as a tool for studying the evolution of sight and human vision problems.
Experts in emergency medicine and ultrasound have teamed up at the University of Rochester to better one of the most vital tools in the paramedic's array of equipment: endotracheal tubes, the flexible tubes inserted in the throats of hundreds of thousands of unconscious patients each year to ensure continuous delivery of oxygen to their lungs. The new device, soon to receive a U.S. patent, takes advantage of the same ultrasound technology now used by physicians to observe babies developing in the womb.
The experiences of the team of scientists who lived in the Biosphere 2 closed system from 1991 to 1993 can be applied to space travel, according to Sally Silverstone, co-captain of the crew.
Birth traumas to the head and neck are a rare occurence to newborns. When they do happen, parents and some physicians are at a loss to the trauma's nature and cause. A new research study examines this issue.
CT or computed tomography screening for children undergoing bone marrow transplants can indicate whether the young patient has sinus disease, a condition that can lead to deadly infections.
Pediatric angioedema is the sudden swelling under the skin of a child's ear. In certain cases, the swelling can be dangerous; a new study offers advice on when to be concerned and what treatment options are available.
Researchers from Washington state have determined the indirect and direct costs incurred by a family when their child suffers from acute otitis media.
A new study reveals that parents and other care givers cannot accurately detect hearing loss in children with recurrent middle ear infections.
Treating people with epilepsy or seizures who are in remote locations such as space, underwater or extended airline flights may be possible through what is known as telemedicine, according to Dr. Cormac A. O'Donovan.
Controlling unnecessary manipulation of the heart and the aorta during coronary artery bypass surgery dramatically reduces the number of patients with major neuropsychological deficits after surgery, a Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center researcher told a Washington conference today.
Women with a history of premature delivery reduce their risk of another if they seek even a single prenatal checkup, according to results of a Johns Hopkins study.
Two new medical research studies examine treatment options for rhinitis and sinusitis in HIV-infected patients
Predicting the future is never easy, but doctors may soon have the tools to help them do just that. In a study and editorial in today's Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association, researchers describe a score sheet that can help predict when a person may develop a fatal heart attack.
Researchers have zeroed in on a gene linked to high blood pressure -- a disease that affects one in four adults -- according to two reports in today's Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association.
A drug used to reduce cholesterol levels in the blood can prevent atherosclerosis -- even in people with below-average blood cholesterol levels -- according to a report in today's Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association.
High-pressure chambers used to treat deep sea divers for decompression sickness could play a key role in preventing permanent spinal cord damage and paralysis to many of the thousands of Americans who suffer spinal cord injuries every year, a doctor from Scotland reported today.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy offers enough promise for treating victims of stroke and other debilitating traumas and diseases of the central nervous system to warrant in-depth scientific studies, a medical researcher said today.
A technique developed to help astronauts stave off problems with their blood vessels in zero gravity may become an important tool in helping prevent strokes among the estimated 50 million Americans who have high blood pressure.
Dr. Russell B. Rayman, the executive vice president of the Aerospace Medical Association, today presented medical guidelines for airline travel prepared by a task force of his association.
The first report of the discovery of inhaled cellulosic and plastic fibers in human lung tissue has been published by researchers at Roswell Park Cancer Institute in the May, 1998 issue of Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. The fibers in the human lung may be bioresistant and biopersistent candidate agents contributing to the risk of lung cancer.
The National Mental Health Association (NMHA) is ratcheting up pressure on the Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA) and the states to heed warnings on managed behavioral healthcare contracting.
During heart surgery, an estimated 5 percent of patients suffer damage to the heart muscle when blood flow is briefly cout off. But researchers at the University of Virginia have found that a method of gene therapy used in mice significantly protects the heart during periods of low blood flow.
A study from the University of Miami Ear Institute analyses the safety and effectiveness of reimplanting a cochlear implant in deaf patients.
A new research study describes a patient management program that reduces the risk of aspiration pneumonia, the leading causing of death in long-term care facilities.
The effects of angiostatin and endostatin on mechanisms regulating angiogenesis in other processes besides tumor growth require additional study, says noted University of Notre Dame blood chemist Francis J. Castellino.
Interactive briefing discussing the potential dangers of alternative medications for hormone replacement therapy, and the recent advances in plant-based FDA-approved HRT options.
he American Psychological Association (APA) today released results of a national public opinion poll, conducted by Penn, Schoen & Berland, that shows 77 percent of Americans support changing federal law to allow patients to sue a managed care company when they are injured by negligent decisions or cost containment actions.
University of Michigan researchers discovered mutations in the genetic make-up of a type of pneumonia that is the most common severe opportunistic infection in people with AIDS.
OraTest is a patented five-minute mouthrinse sequence that has been shown to be 100 percent sensitive for squamous cell carcinoma (oral cancer). European nations have approved its use for screening, detection of second primary lesions, and defining margins of lesions for biopsy and surgery. FDA approval is pending.
This drug/gene delivery system carries very potent anti-cancer drugs and genes to their targets, in this case, tumors. CytImmune Sciences is collaborating with EntreMed, Inc.
OraTest provides healthcare professionals with a 100 percent sensitive, easy-to-use, five-minute mouthrinse procedure that promotes early detection of hard-to-find, pre-symptomatic cancerous lesions.
Over 800 orthopaedic sports medicine specialists will attend the 24th Annual Meeting of the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine. These experts, many of whom are team physicians for top flight collegiate and professional teams, are the recognized as leaders in the field of orthopaedic sports medicine.
People who don't have good social relations and/or have incomes near the poverty level are at a much greater risk for developing heart problems and dying much earlier than their natural lifespan, say researchers. A cardiac patient's race and sex also seem to determine whether certain life-saving procedures will be preformed. This research will be presented at the conference, Public Health in the 21st Century: Behavioral and Social Science Contributions in Atlanta, May 9.
A surprise may be lurking in the brains of many people -- evidence of silent cerebral infarcts, or dead spots within their brains. Cigarette smoking and uncontrolled high blood pressure may be to blame.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy - a treatment that has been around for several decades - is making a comeback. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is just one focus of a meeting next week of the Space and Underwater Research Group of the World Federation of Neurology.
As new technologies are introduced and equipment prices continue to drop, digital radiography will rapidly replace conventional dental X-rays and provide several benefits to the patient, according to endodontists speaking here at the American Association of Endodontists' (AAE) 55th Annual Session
More than an estimated one million days and $225 million are spent annually by physicians on credentialing. However, a new Internet-based solution called appSTATSM cuts these costs by almost 50 percent, according to Healthcare Credentials Management Services, Inc. (HCMS), which launched the new product today.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center have designed a novel test that effectively predicts a patient's risk for developing a common life-threatening heart-rhythm abnormality following coronary-artery bypass surgery.
As reported in the April issue of Clinical Infectious Diseases, a study led by Dr. Paul Nyirjesy, director of the Temple University Vaginitis Referral Center, has resulted in a second line of defense for the treatment of vaginal trichomoniasis. This study has confirmed the effectiveness of the antibiotic paromomycin in curing difficult-to-treat cases.
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