Americans who avoid red meat may not be getting enough iron in their diet, according to research reported in the January issue of the American Chemical Society's Journal of Agricultural & Food Chemistry, due to be published on Jan. 20.
Four tips from Los Alamos: * four-color laser * a membrane reactor for ultrapure hydrogen * new method for forming metallic glasses * high-precision carbon monoxide sensor
The Pinatubo eruption has helped validate a Los Alamos 3-d computer model of Earth's atmosphere, which accurately modeled the cooling and impact on Arctic ozone and the polar vortex caused by the volcano's infusion of aersols into the upper atmosphere.
An endocrinologist and reproductive in Cornell University's College of Veterinary Medicine, has been studying the dramatic seasonal cycles that profoundly alter the groundhog's reproductive activity, food intake, basal metabolism, body fat and total body weight from season to season. Groundhogs have more dramatic annual biological rhythms than nearly all other mammals and may provide key clues into better understanding cancer and cancer treatment, blood cell functions, brain activity and mental health.
Unless the world's food-growing nations improve their resource-management practices, life in the 21st century will be as tough as it is now in the 80 countries that already suffer serious water shortages, a new Cornell University study warns. As a start, governments should end irrigation subsidies that encourage inefficient use of water and instead reward conservation.
Cornell University researchers, using non-linear laser-microscope technology developed at Cornell, have produced images displaying the neurotransmitter serotonin in live cells in real time, and they have for the first time measured the concentration of serotonin in secretory granules. Embargoed: 01/23/97 4 p.m.
-Researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center have found that education plus counseling was more effective than stand-alone education in increasing understanding about the potential benefits, limitations, and risks of BRCA1 gene testing. However, neither intervention changed the intent to be tested within the study of approximately 400 women interviewed, according to the research report in the Jan. 15 Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
Research-based pharmaceutical companies will invest a record $18.9 billion in research and development in 1997, and increase of 11.5 percent from 1996, a new PhRMA survey shows.
In a government-supported study of more than 300 fatal and non-fatal bicycle accidents, Johns Hopkins researchers found that alcohol was a factor in at least a third of the deaths.
New York's Metropolitan Museum of Art, which collects statuary, has teamed with scientists from Sandia National Laboratories, concerned with preserving the nation's security, to produce an inorganic coating that increases by a factor of ten the longevity of powdered calcite -- the basic component of limestone -- when calcite is submerged in a solution similar to mildly acid rain.
Physicians and pharmacists can reduce adverse drug events in hospital patients by understanding the causes of most medication prescribing errors, according to a study by Albany Medical Center (Albany, NY) researchers in the Jan. 22 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association. The study is the first to quantify the most common causes of hospital medication prescribing errors, which occur approximately four times for every 1,000 prescriptions. Embargoed: 4 p.m. (EST) Tuesday, January, 21, 1997
Hopkins School of Public Health Researchers analyzed the content of patient-physician communication and identified five communication patterns that directly impact both patient and physician satisfaction, as well as the quality of care.
This week's "Science" magazine features a major article by Washington State University Professor of Biochemistry Norman G. Lewis and co-workers on their discovery of the first member of an apparent new class of proteins. These proteins help explain how nature controls free- radical chemistry, something scientists in laboratories have had difficulty doing.
Economic cooperation offers the Middle East such clear benefits that it will eventually prevail over hostility. Jerry Rosenberg, Professor and Chair of International Business at Rutgers, and an active participant at mid-east economic summits, has a model for such cooperation.
Japanese managers are more likely to use reason, reciprocity, and rewards--and to be more controlling--in dealing with Western subordinates, says Asha Rao, Assistant Professor of Managemnent at Rutgers Graduate School of Management.
Researchers at West Virginia University have developed a computer-based flight data recorder (FDR), commonly called a "black box," they say would cost a fraction of what new proposed FDRs with extended recording capabilities would cost the nation's airlines.
Researchers at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center and colleagues have developed as mouse model for the most common genetic cause of a lipid disorder associated with premature heart disease.
More than 40 experts on risk management, land use and the nation's nuclear weapons complex gathered at Resources for the Future to discuss the challenges faced in assuring protection from risks to human health and the environment posed by hazards remaining at the nation's nuclear weapons production sites once the United States Department of Energy completes its major cleanup activities.
News Briefs from Neurology 1) New Treatment Developed for Parkinson's Disease 2) Study Shows New Treatment for Menstrual Migraine 3) Persian Gulf War Symptoms Not Related to Exposure to Toxins
Powerful winter storms that strike the U.S. West Coast often occur in series, like the ones that recently raked Washington, Oregon, and California. These storms have their counterparts in the North Atlantic Ocean, and scientists supported in part by the National Science Foundation (NSF) are hot on their trail.
Landmarks in Mechanical Engineering compiles 135 inventions and other technological achievements set apart for their contribution to scientific growth, industrial development and human progress. The new book is announced jointly by ASME International (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) and Purdue University Press, the publisher.
Wildlife Conservation Society African-born biologist acts as a wildlife traffic cop outside of Nairobi National Park.
The scientific battle against the devastating fungal strain Phytophthora infestans -- commonly known as potato late blight -- has been elevated on international fronts, according to a report released this month by the Cornell-Eastern Europe-Mexico (CEEM) International Collaborative Project in Potato Late Blight Control. P. infestans, the fungus blamed for the Irish potato famine of the 1840s, is currently staging a resurgence . Scientists agree the new strains are far more aggressive than the original outbreak 150 years ago.
In a 15-month study, more than 50 leading U.S. manufacturers joined with academic researchers and government experts to identify forces likely to shape competition into the next century. Rapid marketplace change, the Next Generation Manufacturing Project concludes, will require an unprecedented shift in how manufacturers employ and train workers, use information technology, and design plants and equipment.
Nerve growth factor (NGF) helps immature neurons survive and differentiate. Now, researchers at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center have discovered that, paradoxically, NGF can also induce massive cell suicide among childhood brain tumor cells engineered to express the receptor for NGF. The surprising findings, reported in the January 15 issue of The Journal of Neuroscience, suggest a new cancer gene therapy approach.
Liposhaving, an improved form of liposuction, is now available at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center. The procedure is more advantageous than traditional liposuction because it is far less traumatic to facial tissue and can also be done under direct visualization.
The substantial expense of drug errors, as well as the increased risk of morbidity and mortality, justifies investing in efforts to prevent them from happening, according to a series of articles and an editorial in this week's issue of The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). EMBARGOED: 3 p.m. (CT) TUESDAY, JANUARY 21, 1997
Here are some of the findings described in the most recent issue of AHCPR's Research Activities.
Acting as the world's most powerful telescopic tandem, the Hubble Space Telescope and the W.M. Keck Telescope are starting to unravel the evolutionary histories of galaxies dating back to when the universe was just 10 percent of its current age. Embargoed * For release at 9:20 a.m. EST Thursday, January 16, 1997, in conjunction with the presentation of paper #103.05 at the American Astronomical Society meeting.
January 15, 1997 Annals of Internal Medicine Tip 1) Providing Quality Care for Dying Patients; Practical Issues for Physician-Assisted Suicide 2) Tuberculosis in HIV-Infected Individuals More Common in Eastern United States 3) Medical Decision Rules Should Not Be Based On Medical Necessity, Cost-Effectiveness
Neurologists and nutritionists at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center are using a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet to control seizures in epileptic children who do not respond to, or cannot tolerate, medication. The "ketogenic diet" was actually devised in the 1920s, but fell out of favor with the advent of effective anti-seizure medications.
U-M computer model detects "fingerprint" of massive black holes in three nearby galaxies.
People called upon to sit on juries for capital crimes often do not understand the language of the law, the factors they are supposed to weigh in considering a sentence, or even that they have final responsibility for imposing punishment. New research funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) seeks ways to improve the judgment of jurors who literally make life and death decisions.
Powerful winter storms that strike the U.S. West Coast often occur in series, like the ones that recently raked Washington, Oregon, and California. These storms have their counterparts in the North Atlantic, and scientists are hot on their trail. A major field program involving NCAR, UCAR and researchers from 11 countries is straddling the Atlantic from Newfoundland to Ireland to study fierce oceanic winter storms.
The first international conference on computational molecular biology will be held at the Eldorado Hotel in Santa Fe, N.M., from January 20-23, 1997. Among the expected 200 participants are Nobel laureate Rich Roberts and Turing Award winner Richard Karp. If that werenÃt enough reknown, "Interestingly, some of the scientists involved in this conference are so famous in their fields that they were tapped to testify at the O. J. Simpson criminal trial," said Sorin Istrail, a Sandia National Laboratories scientist and one of the conference organizers.
While DHEA is lauded as possibly the nutritional supplement of the decade, Phase I clinical trials of a synthetic version believed to be more effective and without the side effects of the natural steroid begin late this month.
Giant balloons floating around the Antarctic helped UAH scientists gather what may be the first evidence of specific sources of cosmis rays, especially the cosmic rays which carry the most energy
Image-guided software developed at The University of Alabama in Huntsville may help doctors better diagnose cancer and plan surgery by allowing the more effective use of information collected from computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanned images.
A slightly cooler than normal December ended a slightly cooler than normal year. December's Global Temperature Report includes a special advisory relating to a new analysis of satellite data.
A new approach for manipulating laser light on the microscopic scale was announced Jan.2 in the journal Nature in a cover story by Yale University applied physicist A. Douglas Stone. It could expand traffic on fiber-optic networks, speed up computers, improve video displays and lead to better laser printers.
Fewer sunspots will erupt on the sun's surface during the next decade, indicating an unexpected decrease in the activity of magnetic fields that churn the sun's hot gases, Yale University and NASA astronomers predict. The milder "space weather" -- marked by a decrease in magnetic storms, cosmic rays and ionspheric disturbances -- could bring cooler temperatures on earth, fewer power blackouts and less interference with radio waves. Embargo: Jan. 14, 1997, 10 a.m. edt
Called sonoluminescence, the enigma has intrigued scientists since it was discovered in the 1930's. Today, researchers are trying to harness the process for possible commercial applications ranging from broad-band underwater sonar to pollution-free energy. A Yale mechanical engineer challenged colleagues around the world to come up with new experiments to test the growing list of theories.
Yale University has entered a dark horse in the international race to find dark matter, the 90 percent or more of the universe's mass that is unseen and unknown but exerts a profound influence on the distribution and shape of visible galaxies. Theories about the composition of this missing matter range from exotic new kinds of subatomic particles to black holes, burned out stars or intergalactic dust and gas.
An array of new ideas are being explored by the Yale Center for Computational Vision and Control ranging from a three-dimensional computer mouse that can control the motion of a robotic arm to a visual tracking system that can superimpose a clown face over a human face on a television monitor.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is now determining whether mercury emissions should be regulated under the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. If the decision is made to regulate mercury emissions from electric power plants, what's the best way to control the emissions? Do methods exist to accurately measure the type and amount of mercury in exhaust gases emitted from power plants?
Today, at the American Astronomical Society meeting in Toronto, Canada, astronomers Kurt Slinglend, David Batuski, and Chris Miller of the University of Maine, presented evidence for what appears to be the longest single structure yet seen in the universe, a supercluster of galaxies about one billion light-years in length.
Platynus indecentis, a "bog beetle" misidentified for 85 years, has been discovered in a Cornell insect collection and given proper species identification.
Student ethnobotany expeditions to the Venezuelan Amazon and Mexican Yucatan are identifying plant-based medicinals used by indigenous peoples for centuries. Potential antibiotics, contraceptives and insect-bite remedies are among the chemical compounds under analysis by Cornell University students, whose expenses are paid by the Minority International Research Training Program of the National Institutes of Health.
What educators can teach young parents about becoming good parents is the topic of a new and revised curriculum from Cornell University.
DETROIT -- Men and women with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have a higher incidence of tuberculosis if they live in the eastern United States or test positive for mumps, say researchers at Henry Ford Hospital. EMBARGOED UNTIL: 5 p.m., Jan. 14, 1997
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