Feature Channels: Stem Cells

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Efficiently delivering nucleic acid into mammalian cells is essential to overexpress genes for assessing gene functions.

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We developed an on-slide decellularization approach to generate acellular extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds that can be repopulated with various cell types to interrogate cell-ECM interactions.

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In the process of caner recovery, Huaier simultaneously promotes significant hair growth and restoration as a typical evidence of its efficacy on induced tissue regeneration and repair function.

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Cerebral malaria-associated over expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines ultimately results in the up-regulation of adhesion molecules in the brain endothelium leading to sequestration of mature parasitized RBCs in the brain.

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Groups (Grp) 3 and 4 are aggressive molecular subgroups of medulloblastoma (MB), with high rates of leptomeningeal dissemination. To date, there is still a paucity of biomarkers for these subtypes of MBs. The RNA-binding protein Musashi-1 (MSI1) is a neural stem cell marker, characterized as a gene translation regulator and associated with high oncogenicity in several human cancers.

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TREM2 is an innate immune receptor expressed by microglia in the adult brain. Homozygous TREM2 mutations cause a rare leukodystrophy, Nasu-Hakola disease (NHD). Despite extensive investigation, the role of TREM2 in NHD pathogenesis remains poorly understood.

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All living cells maintain a charge distribution across their cell membrane (membrane potential) by carefully controlled ion fluxes. These bioelectric signals regulate cell behavior (such as migration, proliferation, differentiation) as well as higher-level tissue and organ patterning. Thus, voltage gradients represent an important parameter for diagnostics as well as a promising target for therapeutic interventions in birth defects, injury, and cancer. However, despite much progress in cell and molecular biology, little is known about bioelectric states in human stem cells.

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Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common and aggressive type of lung cancer with the highest incidence of bone metastasis. Epidermal growth factor‐like domain multiple 6 (EGFL6) is an exocrine protein, and the expression of EGFL6 is correlated with survival of patient with lung adenocarcinoma. However, the association between EGFL6 expression in lung adenocarcinoma and bone metastasis has not been investigated.

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Introduction: Human adipose-derived stem cells have been identified as a promising candidate for cell-assisted therapy to improve graft survival. Human adipose-derived stem cells were added into filling materials.

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Background Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have been broadly applied in biomedicine in recent years, and their environmental exposure and toxicological impacts have raised increasing concerns.

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The failure of diseased adult heart to regenerate is a major burden to our societies. Besides patients with ischemia and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, progress in pediatric surgery to repair cardiac malformations has led to a growing population of now adult congenital heart diseases (CHD) patients with right ventricular (RV) failure.

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Rett syndrome (RTT) is a rare disease and one of the most abundant causes for intellectual disa-bilities in females. Single mutations in the gene coding for methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MECP2), are responsible for the disease.

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Intratumoral heterogeneity can exist along multiple axes: Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs)/non-CSCs, drug-sensitive/drug-tolerant states and a spectrum of epithelial-hybrid-mesenchymal phenotypes.

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WNT binding to Frizzleds (FZD) is a crucial step that leads to the initiation of signalling cascades governing multiple processes during embryonic development, stem cell regulation and adult tissue homeostasis. Recent efforts have enabled us to shed light on WNT-FZD pharmacology in overexpressed HEK293 cell systems.

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Skeletal muscle regeneration requires the coordinated interplay of diverse tissue-resident- and infiltrating cells. Fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are an interstitial cell population that provides a beneficial microenvironment for muscle stem cells (MuSCs) during muscle regeneration.

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Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a highly conserved post-transcriptional gene expression regulation mechanism in eukaryotic cells.

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Cartilage progenitor cells (CPCs) are a small but highly proliferative cell population that resides within cartilage.

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Sanfilippo syndrome type B (Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB or MPS IIIB) is a recessive genetic disorder that severely affects the brain due to a deficiency in the enzyme α-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAGLU), leading to intralysosomal accumulation of partially degraded heparan sulfate.

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Mavacamten (MAVA), Blebbistatin (BLEB), and Omecamtiv mecarbil (OM) are promising drugs directly targeting sarcomere dynamics, with demonstrated efficacy against hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in clinical trials.

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Woranop Sukparangsi, Ampika Thongphakdee, Santhita Karoon, Nattakorn Suban Na Ayuttaya, Intira Hengkhunthod, Rachapon Parkongkeaw, Rungnapa Bootsri, Wiewaree Sikaeo

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Human nuclear receptors (NRs) involve 49 ligand-dependent transcription factors that are important for regulating the cell cycle and processes.

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Clonal hematopoiesis resulting from enhanced fitness of mutant hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) associates with both favorable and unfavorable health outcomes related to the types of mature mutant blood cells produced, but how this lineage output is regulated is unclear.

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Metazoan chromosomes are organized into discrete domains (TADs), believed to contribute to the regulation of transcriptional programs.

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Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation was suggested as a promising approach to treat spinal cord injury (SCI).

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The molecular mechanisms controlling the balance of quiescence and proliferation in adult neural stem cells (NSCs) are often deregulated in brain cancers such as glioblastoma (GBM).

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Xiaotong Chen, Yanqiu Zhao, Qi Li, ShengJin Fan

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Intramuscular fatty infiltration in muscle injuries and diseases, caused by aberrant adipogenesis of fibro-adipogenic progenitors, negatively impacts function.

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Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) have revolutionised the treatment of CML.

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A common feature in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract during allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the loss of microbial diversity and emergence of opportunistic pathogens that can adversely impact survival.

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The repair of critical-sized bone defects, resulting from tumor resection, skeletal trauma or infection, remains a significant clinical problem.

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The histone variant H3.3 is enriched at active regulatory elements such as promoters and enhancers in mammalian genomes.

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Dietary quantity and quality are key determinants for insect development from egg to adult.

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The importance of the immune microenvironment in ovarian cancer progression, metastasis, and response to therapies has become increasingly clear, especially with the new emphasis on immunotherapies.

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Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of OA, but the precise target cells and response mechanisms are not well characterised.

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Bi-allelic loss-of-function mutations in TANGO2 (Transport and Golgi Organization protein 2) cause a rare multiorgan genetic disorder.

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Activated by its single ligand, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), the receptor tyrosine kinase MET is pivotal in promoting glioblastoma stem cell (GSC) self-renewal, invasiveness and tumorigenicity.

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogenous, early-onset neurodevelopmental disorder with multifactorial aetiology. There are hundreds of genes that contribute to ASD.

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Environmental obesogens are being studied for their potential role in the increasing prevalence of obesity globally.

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It is difficult to capture the large numbers of steps and details that often characterize research in the biomedical sciences.

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Drosophila ovarian Follicle Stem Cells (FSC) present an excellent paradigm for understanding how a community of active stem cells maintained by population asymmetry is regulated.

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In a recent article, the authors provide a detailed summary of the characteristics and biological functions of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as well as a discussion on the potential mechanisms of action of MSC-based therapies. They describe th

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RNA-binding proteins FBF-1 and FBF-2 (FBFs) are required for germline stem cell maintenance in Caenorhabditis elegans and regulate the dynamics of progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation.

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BACKGROUNDTreatments involving stem cell (SC) usage represent novel and potentially interesting alternatives in facial nerve reanimation. Current literature includes the use of SC in animal model studies to promote graft survival by enhancing n

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an auto-immune inflammatory disorder affecting the central nervous system. The cause of the disease is unknown but both genetic and environmental factors are implicated in the pathogenesis. We derived cerebral organoids from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) of healthy control subjects as well as from primary progressive MS (PPMS), secondary progressive MS (SPMS) and relapsing remitting MS (RRMS) patients to better understand the pathologic basis of the varied clinical phenotypic expressions of MS.

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This letter focuses on a recently published article that provided an exceptional description of the effect of epigenetic modifications on gene expression patterns related to skeletal system remodeling. Specifically, it discusses a novel modalit

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Adipose tissue (AT) is recognized as a complex organ involved in major home-ostatic body functions, such as food intake, energy balance, immunomodulation, development and growth, and functioning of the reproductive organs. The role of AT in tis