Radiologists do better than other professionals on the examination given to those vying to be certified or recertified readers of radiographs for potential occupational lung disease patients, according to a commentary (American Journal of Roentgenology, 8-00).
In a study comparing the effectiveness of neural network software and experienced human observers, three Boston radiologists have found that the computer makes an excellent consultant (American Journal of Roentgenology, 8-00).
Curious children and developmental biologists have long pondered the question: what makes a thumb a thumb, a pinky a pinky. The answer Wisconsin researchers have found may force scientists to revise theories of the way developing cells become fingers or spines (Science, 7-21-00).
1- A greater rate of hospitalization associated with occupational asthma; 2- A high incidence of clinically silent acid reflux detected among asthma patients; 3- Diesel exhaust tests show tiny particles cause airway inflammation in normal subjects.
Steven D. Douglas, director of the Section of Immunology at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, received the Erwin Neter Award of the Association of Medical Laboratory Immunologists; this national award recognizes major lifetime accomplishments.
In the July 20 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine, researchers from the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) report on the largest study ever done on screening the entire colon for cancer in people without symptoms.
Astrocytes are part of the brain's communication network; and levels of calcium necessary to stimulate glutamate release from astrocytes are in the normal physiological range, says Iowa State University research (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 7-18-00).
The FDA recently approved the testing of a new artificial kidney machine co-developed by a Professor Emeritus at the University of Missouri School of Medicine; the personal hemodialysis system provides daily, effortless home dialysis.
By moderately increasing the intensity of your workout, you can gain the same health benefits from weight training twice a week as you would from working out three days a week, say Arkansas exercise scientists.
The use of electrocardiograms (ECGs) to detect heart disease in competitive athletes has definite limitations and its results should be confirmed with other tests, according to a recent study of Italian Olympians published in today's Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association.
Cancer researchers hailed the recent study of cancer in twins in the New England Journal of Medicine as continuing evidence of the importance of diet in the prevention of cancer.
The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and its partners on the Quality Interagency Coordination Task Force are sponsoring a national summit on medical errors and patient safety research on September 11, 2000, in Washington, DC.
In a study published in the July issue of the journal Stroke, Dr. Mitchell S.V. Elkind found that people infected with Chlamydia pneumoniae were four-and-a-half times more likely to have suffered a first ischemic stroke than their counterparts who had not been exposed to the bacterium.
The pacemaker has taken on an increasingly important role in recent years. Originally used to fix electrical abnormalities in people with irregular heart rhythms, it is now in favor for heart failure patients as a way to "resynchronize" a weak and struggling heart.
When a car crash in Indiana took the life of 18-year-old Jonathon in mid-June, his mother and other family members decided to offer his organs for transplantation to save other lives. One of those was the life of John Bender, 62, a resident of southern California, who was distantly related to the donor on both his mother's and father's sides of the family.
Strong evidence that cognitive tests may be useful for signaling Alzheimer's Disease years before other symptoms appear has been reported in the June issue of the Archives of Neurology.
A significant percentage of all school-age children may be incorrectly diagnosed as having ADHD, when, in fact, they have CAPD. The good news, according to Frank Musiek, Ph.D., Director of Audiology at the Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, is that CAPD is treatable if correctly diagnosed.
The American College of Chest Physicians has issued new recommendations to assist physicians in the diagnosis of a serious and often fatal condition, ventilator-associated pneumonia (CHEST).
Aerobic exercise -- and physical work -- are much harder for women who do not have adequate iron in their systems but who are not yet anemic, according to a Cornell University study in the Journal of Applied Physiology (Vol. 88, 2000).
Chewing gum containing xylitol, a sweetener with antimicrobial properties, temporarily suppresses bacteria that cause tooth decay, according to university researchers in a study in the July Journal of the American Dental Association.
Two studies comparing the triple nucleoside regimen of Ziagen(r) (abacavir sulfate) plus Combivir(r) (lamivudine/zidovudine) with triple-drug regimens containing protease inhibitors as first-line antiretroviral therapy were presented at the 13th International AIDS Conference in Durban, South Africa.
Preliminary results of a study of the protease inhibitor Agenerase(r) (amprenavir), presented at the 13th International AIDS Conference in Durban, South Africa, suggest that plasma levels of amprenavir are raised by adding a low dose of the PI ritonavir.
One of the fastest growing trends in the field of pharmacy is the third-party payment plan, where insurance companies sign contracts with drug companies to provide certain medications at a set price with a small professional fee provided for the pharmacist.
To better understand disease, first understand normal, healthy conditions. That's the rationale for the first comprehensive MRI study of normal brain development in children.
Wearing a special kind of contact lens while sleeping may help a nearsighted person go without contacts or glasses during the day, a new Ohio State study has found (Optometry and Vision Science).
The hypothesis that the composer of one of the world's best known lullabies suffered from a common sleep disorder was advanced in a special article in the July issue of CHEST.
A two-year study conducted at an urban teaching hospital's medical and surgical intensive care units showed that 147 persons (almost 30 percent) of 492 critically ill patients who had a bloodstream infection received inadequate antimicrobial therapy, with 91 of those individuals (about 62 percent) dying (CHEST, 7-00).
In separate reports this month, two groups of scientists announce they have restored eyesight to patients with previously untreatable corneal damage, using novel tissue bioengineering techniques. One report appears in the July 13 NEJM; the other in the July Cornea.
The 52nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Clinical Chemistry being held July 23-27, 2000 in San Francisco updates recent progress in HIV viral load, phenotyping and genotyping; Down syndrome screening; male infertility treatments; prostate and ovarian cancer markers; identifying heavy drinkers; and the genetic diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.
UIC researchers are studying a simple, objective measure of levels of sleepiness to help diagnose and treat disorders such as narcolepsy and sleep apnea.
Of the 850 paralyzing spinal cord injuries that result from diving accidents each year, more than 300 occur at home pools.
AHRQ's Medical Expenditure Panel Survey has new data about the out-of-pocket payments made for health care services and supplies used by the U.S. population not in the military or living in institutions.
With summer in full swing, remember to keep well hydrated as you work or exercise outdoors.
ARICEPT(r) (donepezil hydrochloride) demonstrated beneficial effects on cognition and global function over the course of one year in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, multinational study in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease, according to data presented at the World Alzheimer Congress in Washington, D.C.
A study under way at UAB is evaluating treatments for coping with non-cardiac chest pain -- gripping chest pain experienced by people with normal coronary arteries.
A Virginia Commonwealth University study published in the current issue of Academic Medicine offers new perspectives on factors that might influence women's progress to academic medicineÃs highest ranks.
An entirely new mechanism of drug resistance in cancer cells and, possibly, a means to overcome the resistance in patients has been discovered by Ohio State University researchers (Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, 7-11-00).
Health care professionals may misidentify the maggots that infest patients' wounds if they do not follow through with proper study of the organisms, according to a national study led by a UC Irvine College of Medicine researcher (Archives of Internal Medicine, 7-10-00).
A study by Johns Hopkins researchers shows that women carry lower levels of HIV in their blood than men but have the same risk as men of developing AIDS. Viral load thresholds used by doctors to begin anti-retroviral drug therapy could result in more men getting offered treatment than women, particularly early in the course of infection.
A new family of genes that contributes to the process of malignancy, shedding new light on the abnormalities that give rise to the aggressive childhood cancer, Burkitt's lymphoma -- as well as lymphoma, leukemia, prostate, ovarian, lung and breast cancer -- has been discovered by a Johns Hopkins research team (Molecular and Cellular Biology, 8-00).
A high intake of vitamin E can help reduce heart disease and stroke risk in type II diabetics, UT Southwestern researchers have found (Circulation, 7-11-00).
People recognize the benefit of calling an ambulance if they witness someone else having possible heart attack symptoms, but individuals personally experiencing the same symptoms often choose not to use emergency medical services, according to a study in the July 10 Circulation.
Two unique cases of West Nile virus infection highlight the need for greater vigilance regarding the mosquito-borne virus. Both cases, reported in the July 11 Neurology, showed symptoms that were initially deceptive to health care providers.
Fainting after extended bed rest or by astronauts after space flight may be caused by changes in the levels of a molecule known for its role in regulating blood pressure, a UC Irvine College of Medicine research team has found (Journal of Applied Physiology, 7-00).
Breast cancer survivors with severe menopausal symptoms can find significant relief through a comprehensive program that emphasizes supportive care in addition to medication, according to a study by UCLA's Jonsson Cancer Center researchers (Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 7-5-00).
As scientists celebrate the completion of a draft of the human genome, the issue of privacy in genetic testing will pit biotechnology firms against the medical insurance industry, says a UAB medical ethicist, author of the new book "Recreating Medicine: Ethical Issues at the Frontiers of Medicine."
Cooling down the spinal cord during high-risk aneurysm surgery hopefully will prevent the potential paralysis caused by a lack of blood supply during the procedure.
Urologists and radiation oncologists largely agree that prostate cancer treatments such as radical prostate surgery, external beam radiotherapy, and brachytherapy can save lives of men whose normal life expectancy is 10 years or longer, but they disagree about when to use those therapies (JAMA, 6-28-00).
Thanks to a video-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, in which her kidney was removed through a small port, a living kidney donor was back to work about a week after having her kidney removed.
More than a quarter of the Tennessee children in TennCare have a serious emotional disorder -- that's two to three times higher than state estimates -- according to a Vanderbilt University study.
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