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Released: 17-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Calorie restriction reduces age-related muscle loss
University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Medicine

Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have found that limiting calorie intake later in life can stall some of the muscle deterioration that normally accompanies aging. Reported in the June FASEB Journal, the research involved age-related fiber loss and enzyme and gene abnormalities in rat muscle.

17-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
STI Hits Development Milestone with Promising Initial Data
Research Corporation Technologies

Sertoli Technologies Inc., a cellular therapy company, has successfully completed its initial stage in developing a transplant therapy using pancreatic islets and Sertoli cells for Type I, or insulin-dependent diabetes.

13-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Reversing shock: Gene protects against cell death
University of Maryland, Baltimore

Shock can kill. A heart attack, stroke, infection or injury can cause the profound disturbance of normal cellular functioning that can lead to cell death and even death of the entire organism. University of Maryland School of Medicine researchers have found a potentially powerful new weapon for medicine's war on shock.

17-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Marker on TPA gene confers 2-fold heart attack risk
American Heart Association (AHA)

A new gene marker was found twice as often among heart attack patients than healthy people in a new study appearing in today's American Heart Association journal Circulation. The study confirms that there is a "gene link" for heart attack, says Diederick E. Grobbee, M.D., Ph.D., and colleagues from the Netherlands Institute for Health Sciences, the Netherlands.

11-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Clinical model helps predict heart failure patients for whom transplants may safely be postponed
American Heart Association (AHA)

Doctors have a new set of medical tools to help identify seriously ill patients for whom transplants might safely be deferred.

11-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
New blood marker "ACE" scores high in predicting
American Heart Association (AHA)

A blood protein called "ACE" identifies people likely to have life-threatening complications after a heart attack.

11-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Fluctuating Youth Cholesterol Levels, Body Fat, Calls For Re-Examining Guidelines
American Heart Association (AHA)

A new study on growth patterns in children and teenagers confirms striking fluctuations in blood cholesterol levels, suggesting that normal cutpoints for testing may need to be re-examined, says Darwin Labarthe, M.D., Ph.D., the report's lead author.

17-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
TipSheet for June 15, 1997 Annals of Internal Medicine
American College of Physicians (ACP)

1) Oral Vitamin K1 Corrects Excessive Anticoagulation; 2) Homelessness: Care, Prevention, and Public Policy; 3) Medical Research and Health News Reporting; 4) Diagnosing Syncope

Released: 14-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
People Hired Under Affirmative Action Plans Work Well MSU Study says
Michigan State University

Affirmative action does not lead to the hiring of minorities or women with substantially lower qualifications or who exhibit weaker job performances, according to a recent Michigan State Univerity study.

Released: 14-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
June 13, 1997 NSF Tipsheet
National Science Foundation (NSF)

The National Science Foundation (NSF) awards Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grants to stimulate technological innovation that meets federal research and development needs. NSFís SBIR budget for 1997 is $50 million. The program makes it financially possible for small firms to undertake high risk, cutting-edge research with strong potential for commercial results. The following are a few of the many SBIR success stories.

   
Released: 14-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
ORNL Work For Army Could Save Lives At Home
Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Technology being developed at the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory to save lives on the battlefield and in hospitals closer to home could one day be used in baby cribs to help prevent Sudden Infant Death Syndrome.

14-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study Improves Prognostic Tools for AIDS and HIV-Infected Patients
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC)

Embargoed for 5 p.m. EDT, June 14 -- In the Annals of Internal Medicine multicenter AIDS cohort study researchers report that a concise decision tree using two tests in combination -- viral load measurements and CD4 T cell counts -- determine progression to AIDS and death from AIDS in HIV-infected individuals.

Released: 13-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Viral load and CD4 Counts Offer Best Prognostic Tools
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

A combination of measuring plasma viral load (the amount of genetic material in circulating virus) and CD4+ lymphocytes in people who are HIV-infected gives the most accurate prediction of the time when those people will develop AIDS. This information forms a critical part of the decision about when to begin antiretroviral therapy.

Released: 13-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Making Photonic Devices 1000 Times Smaller
Northwestern University

Researchers at Northwestern University have constructed a tiny nanoscale phototonic resonator that is a hundred times smaller than the cross-section of a human hair--so small that it can only be seen with an electron microscope. When combined with an equally tiny semiconductor laser, these components can form nanoscale photonic integrated circuits that are a thousant times smaller than those currently in use, and which should be cheaper to fabricated and more efficient to use.

Released: 13-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
News Tips from Sinai Health System
Sinai Hospital of Baltimore

News Tips from Sinai Health System 1)Summer is the Height of Tick Season, Increasing the Risk of Lyme Disease 2)Trampoline Injuries on the Rise 3)Volunteer Program Helps Families with Parenting 4)Performing Arts Medicine Keeps Dancers on their Toes and Musicians Playing

Released: 13-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Children Regulate Displays of Anger, Sadness, Pain
University of Maine

As every parent knows, children can display their feelings in many ways. They can hang their heads, whine and cry or kick and scream. On the other hand, they may bottle up their feelings and do nothing. Janice Zeman, University of Maine assistant professor of psychology, is taking a close look at the emotional lives of children from pre-school age through the teen years. She and her doctoral students have been asking questions and observing children directly in situations designed to elicit sadness, frustration or anger.

Released: 13-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
New Imagaing Agent May Lead to Early Detection of Pulmonary Embolism
Albany Medical Center

A preliminary study conducted at Albany Medical Center of a new imaging agent has shown promising results that may lead to significant improvements in the early detection of pulmonary embolism (blood clots in the lungs) of hospitalized patients.

Released: 13-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
When It Comes to the Heart, Money Doesn't Matter: Copayment Costs Do Not Contribute to Treatment Delays in Heart Attacks
University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus

Patients who have heart attacks, or myocardial infarction, were no more likely to delay seeking emergency treatment when an insurance copayment was required than if a copayment was not required, according to the results of a five-year study released today. The study, conducted by a University of Colorado Health Sciences Center assistant professor, appears in the June 12 issue of The New England Journal of Medicine.

Released: 13-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Expert: Don't Buy As Much House As Lending Institutions Allow
Purdue University

If you borrow as much as a lender will give you to purchase a home, you may be spending more than you can afford, says a Purdue University expert on family budgeting. "The mortgage payment is only 60 percent of total housing costs," says Flora Williams, associate professor of family and consumer economics. "People underestimate the cost of owning a home, and rules on affordability need to be changed in light of a growing number of personal bankruptcies."

Released: 13-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Molecular 'Ice Cubes' Reveal Secrets Of Water's Properties
Purdue University

Nature's tiniest ice cubes are providing new information about the unique properties of water. A Purdue University study shows that when water molecules are cooled to very low temperatures, naturally arrange themselves into small cubic structures that come in two forms.

Released: 12-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Research Provides Insight on a Leading Cause of Blindness Blocking Hormone Reduces Formation of New Retinal Blood Vessels, May Lead to New Treatment
Harvard Medical School

Harvard Medical School researchers have identified a method to control growth hormone (GH), which can cause retinal neovascularization, an abnormal growth of new blood vessels that can destroy sight. This discovery, reported in the June Science, could lead to new ways of preventing and treating certain eye diseases.

Released: 12-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Presidential Awards Recognize The World's Best Teaching
National Science Foundation (NSF)

The classroom practices and professional development of teachers who earn a Presidential Award for Excellence in Mathematics and Science Teaching (PAEMST) -- the nationís highest honor for K-12 educators -- more resemble their peers in nations that score high on international comparisons than those of many of their U.S. colleagues.

Released: 12-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Study of Cannabinoid Receptor: Marijuana Alters Immunity As Well As Mood
University of South Florida

Evidence is mounting that delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC, the compound in marijuana that produces a high, might affect virtually every cell in the body, said a University of South Florida researcher who heads one of few scientific groups in the world investigating the function of cannabinoid (marijuana) receptors in the immune system.

Released: 12-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Electron Discovery 100 Years Ago Led to Microwave Ovens, Television and Lasers
American Chemical Society (ACS)

Scientists are celebrating the 100th anniversary of the discovery of the electron this year. Detection of this enigmatic particle -- which still has not surrendered all its secrets to modern researchers -- helped lift society up from its agrarian roots and permitted the development of such modern-day devices as microwave ovens, semiconductors, television and lasers, according to an article in the June 16 issue of Chemical & Engineering News (C&EN), the American Chemical Society's weekly news magazine.

Released: 12-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Deodorants for Flowers
American Chemical Society (ACS)

The heady odor of jasmine flowers is enough to give some people headaches and nausea. But there is a way to tame the aggressive perfume of jasmine and other blooms, according to research described in the June 16 issue of the American Chemical Society's Journal of Agricultural & Food Chemistry.

Released: 11-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Folic Acid Reduces Heart Disease Risk
Council for Responsible Nutrition (CRN)

A new study published in the June 11 Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) reinforces growing evidence that high blood levels of homocysteine, an amino acid, can increase the risk of heart disease as much as smoking or high cholesterol. Moreover, the study also suggests that people who supplement their diets with folic acid and other B vitamins, which are known to lower homocysteine levels, experience substantial protection from vascular disease.

Released: 11-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Study Shows Many Mexican Shoppers Are Compulsive Buyers
Baylor University

Compulsive buying could be "a real problem" in Mexico, say two researchers who have been studying consumer behavior in that country.

Released: 11-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Fiber in Diet not enough; AHA calls for higher intake to fight heart disease
American Heart Association (AHA)

Americans are getting about half as much fiber in the diet as they need, according to a new report from the American Heart Association that appears today in its journal Circulation

Released: 11-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
AHA Statement on Tobacco Settlement Talks
American Heart Association (AHA)

"The American Heart Association applauds the fact that tobacco settlement talks are progressing, however, we will not render a position or any recommendations until we see something in writing and have an opportunity to conduct our own independent evaluation, " said AHA Chairman of the Board David A. Ness.

Released: 11-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Statement By NSF Director On Release Of Mathematics And Science Study 4th Grade Scores
National Science Foundation (NSF)

Statement by Dr. Joseph Bordogna, Acting Deputy Director, National Science Foundation On Release of Third International Mathematics and Science Study 4th Grade Scores

11-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Surprising Behaviors of Youthful Galaxies Challenge Accepted Theories
University of California San Diego

Clouds of primordial gas located near the outer reaches of the Universe appear to be infant galaxies whose behaviors are surprisingly similar to their grown-up counterparts, including our own Milky Way. According to new studies by astrophysicists at University of California, San Diego, the fact that these protogalaxies form relatively thick disks that rotate as rapidly as the mature gallaxies we see today contradicts accepted theory.

Released: 11-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Businesses Caught in Squeeze, Says Economist
Wake Forest University Babcock Graduate School of Management

Businesses are getting caught in the squeeze between wage and price inflation, says the director of the Center for Economic Studies at Babcock Graduate School of Management, Wake Forest University. Gary Shoesmith, director of the center, says " If interest rates increase this summer, businesses will feel the full brunt. But consumers, receiving higher and higher wage gains, are not nearly as affected."

Released: 11-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Anti-HIV Activity Found in Antipsychotic Drug
Johns Hopkins Medicine

Researchers at the Johns Hopkins Children's Center have discovered that some metabolites (breakdown products) of a common antipsychotic drug stop the replication of HIV in human cell cultures. The study was published in the May 13 issue of Schizophrenia Research.

11-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Linking Land Use to Superfund Cleanups Poses Challenges
Resources for the Future (RFF)

As the United States Congress debates revisions to Superfund, a new report published by Resources for the Future suggests that, if the Environmental Protection Agency is required to base cleanup decisions on the expected future land use at a Superfund site, it will have to devise effective land use controls to prevent future exposure and more effectively involve the public in cleanup and reuse decisions.

11-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Solid Curriculum and Strong Teaching Outweigh Negatives in Math and Science Learning
National Science Foundation (NSF)

U.S. fourth-gradersí performance on the Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) proves that students can overcome factors that traditionally are blamed for poor learning, if challenged by a solid curriculum based on national education standards coupled with competent teaching, according to officials of the National Science Foundation (NSF).

Released: 10-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
New Scientist Tip Sheet for June 5
New Scientist

1) Cheating Budgies Do It Out Of Sight; 2) The Real Reason To Fear Flying; 3) Food Bug Detectives Look Beyond The Usual Suspects; 4) Born-Again Superstar Breaks Record; 5) Can Gene Drugs Help You Dry Out?; 6) Miscarriage Danger; 7) Cold Comfort For Coral As Oil Wells Advance; 8) Cellphone Tests Aim To Bridge The Atlantic; 9) Will Phone Calls Travel By Balloon?; 10) The Box That Banished Office Wiring; 11) A Stretch Of The Imagination; 12) Slaughter On Seventh Avenue; 13) What Is This Octopus Thinking?; 14) Son Of Concorde

Released: 10-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
New forecasts help farmers beat crop pests
Cornell University

Cornell University's Integrated Pest Management program has started a new pest-forecasting service. Growers and farmers can now belong to the Northeast Weather Association and get the latest in bacterial, fungal and pest forecasts.

Released: 10-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
News Briefs from Mayo Clinic
Mayo Clinic

Preoperative testing is not necessary for healthy surgical patients, reports a Mayo study published in the June issue of Mayo Clinic Proceedings. Medical care costs of people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are two to three times higher than those of people without arthritis. Longer needles are needed to ensure that immunizations are effective in many people, say Mayo vaccine researchers. Several studies have shown that many patients' ulcerative colitis is improved by treatment with nicotine delivered via patch.

Released: 10-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Software hunts for damaged DNA
University of Michigan

The National Cancer Institute has awarded the University of Michigan a five-year, $5.5-million grant to fund a project which scans human DNA for threatening mutations and genetic damage.

Released: 10-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Astronomers take unusual ultraviolet image of Orion
 Johns Hopkins University

Astronomers using an advanced Defense Department satellite also available for non-Defense research have snapped an unusual ultraviolet image of the constellation Orion, hoping to find new insight into a bright region of new star formation.

10-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Hubble is first to spot colliding supernovas
 Johns Hopkins University

The Hubble Space Telescope has located a cosmic train wreck, the collision of the remnants of two neighboring stars that both exploded in a galaxy 17 million light years from Earth. Such interactions between supernovas, producing a tremendous amount of energy, had been predicted but never before witnessed.

Released: 10-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Earlier downsizing now proving boon to new graduates
Texas A&M University, Mays Business School

Good news for graduates -- downsizing hasn't worked.

Released: 10-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Two Heads Are Better Than One: Temple Computer Research Supports Value of Teamwork
Temple University

The picture of a pocket-protector-equipped computer nerd toiling quietly in a cubicle may someday become obsolete, according to research conducted by Temple University computer and information sciences professor John T. Nosek.

   
Released: 10-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Disorderly balls of protein may promote neurological diseases
University of California, Santa Cruz

Writhing balls of snakelike protein fragments may initiate the dysfunctional lesions called plaques that clog the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease and similar neurological disorders, according to new research at UC Santa Cruz and UC San Francisco.

Released: 6-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Teens pregnant on purpose, says Cornell expert
Cornell University

Cornell women's health expert Andrea Parrot says teen girls get pregnant because they've nothing else to strive for and she calls for expensive, but proven, multi-dimensional community programs that provide hope and skills and prevent pregnancy.

Released: 6-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Arecibo radar shows no evidence of ice on Moon
Cornell University

No ice is on the moon, according to a radar survey done at the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico by Cornell and other researchers. This contradicts data from the military's Clementine mission last year, in which researchers suggested a small lake of ice might be around the South Pole. Not so, according to the Arecibo data.

Released: 6-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Purdue-Made Soil Benefits The Environment
Purdue University

It's the environmental equivalent of turning a sow's ear into a silk purse ã Purdue University researchers have developed a process for making topsoil from coal ash, yard waste and industrial byproducts. "The potential benefits include the economical and environmental management of two waste products ã coal ash and industrial byproducts.".

Released: 6-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
"Their fears were justified": A vanishing black middle class?
University of Illinois Chicago

The African-American middle class, especially workers holding well-paying private-sector jobs, is in danger of disappearing -- and the political and social forces that helped create it may help hasten its demise, concludes a University of Illinois at Chicago sociologist in a new book.

Released: 6-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Sam Spade Molecule detects contaminants in water, viruses, more
Sandia National Laboratories

A biochemical technique being refined at Sandia National Laboratories may soon enable sensors that can in seconds detect the equivalent of one contaminant particle among a billion other molecules in waste streams.

Released: 6-Jun-1997 12:00 AM EDT
Threats to Water Resources from Climate Change Addressed in RFF Issues Brief
Resources for the Future (RFF)

While climate change may have a wide range of adverse impacts on global water resources, a bigger threat to the future availability and use of water may come from other factors, such as population growth, technology, and economic, social and political conditions, according to a new issues brief published by Resources for the Future.



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