Researchers at the University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine have found that an area of the brain, the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, may have to work harder to modify negative emotional responses in people with poor sleep who have depression or anxiety.
The University of Virginia Health System is conducting a research study to determine if exercise and reduced-nicotine cigarettes can ease the withdrawal symptoms associated with reducing nicotine dependence.
The 2014–2015 Ebola epidemic affected several countries in West Africa, leading to the death of more than 11'000 people. Although this epidemic of Ebolavirus disease is over, there is no knowing if, when or where another may strike. It is therefore more important than ever to find a reliable vaccine against this deadly disease. Research on vaccines, which was ongoing during the epidemic in West Africa, is now yielding promising results.
Although human population studies have linked air pollution to chronic inflammation of nasal and sinus tissues, direct biological and molecular evidence for cause and effect has been scant. Now, Johns Hopkins researchers report that experiments in mice continually exposed to dirty air have revealed that direct biological effect.
A UNC research team has identified a new cell in the body where HIV persists despite treatment. This discovery has major implications for cure research.
Many people might not have heard of the Aedes aegypti mosquito until this past year, when the mosquito, and the disease it can carry – Zika – began to make headlines. But more than 220 years ago, this same breed of mosquito was spreading a different and deadly epidemic right here in Philadelphia and just like Zika, this epidemic is seeing a modern resurgence, with Brazil at its epicenter.
UF/IFAS entomology associate professor Chelsea Smartt led a research team that found Zika RNA in Aedes albopictus. That’s not the species -- known as Aedes aegypti -- most often associated with Zika. But scientists have never discounted Aedes albopictus as another possible carrier of the potentially deadly virus.
Understanding whether children who live closer to coal ash storage sites and power plants have greater neurobehavioral disorders than children who live further away is the focus of a University of Louisville study funded by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences.
What are the critical challenges in emergency legal preparedness and policy? Public health preparedness leaders, officials and experts will examine the question during the “Emergency Legal Preparedness Summit” on Friday, April 21, 2017 from 11:30 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. at the Georgetown University Law Center.
All-terrain vehicle-related injuries remain a large public health problem in this country, with children more adversely affected than adults. According to researchers at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, the major risk factors for young riders also are entirely preventable.
Investigators examined the relationship between injection drug use and immune activation in a sample of HIV infected and uninfected PWID. Findings suggest that efforts to encourage injection cessation or reduction in frequency can have positive health benefits through reducing immune activation.
patchwork of state laws creates a labyrinth that can make it confusing to navigate incapacitated patients’ medical wishes. Without clear national standards, the problem may worsen as the nation’s 75 million baby boomers continue to age, according to medical ethics research published Wednesday in the New England Journal of Medicine.
An international effort to analyze the entire database of Ebola virus genomes from the 2013-2016 West African epidemic reveals insights into factors that sped or slowed the rampage and calls for using real-time sequencing and data-sharing to contain future viral disease outbreaks.
As the World Health Organization steps up its efforts to eradicate a once-rampant tropical disease, a University of Washington study suggests that monitoring, and potentially treating, the monkeys that co-exist with humans in affected parts of the world may be part of the global strategy.
Bacteria are everywhere. And despite widespread belief, not all bacteria are “bad.” However, to combat those that can cause health issues for humans, there has been an over-reliance on the use of antibiotics – so much so, that many of them are now proving ineffective due to bacteria developing increased resistance to them. This paradigm led researchers at NSU to take another look at how bacteria do what they do to see if there was another way to approach this issue.
A research breakthrough allowing the first direct, empirical, blood-based, cow-side test for diagnosing bovine tuberculosis (TB) could spare ranchers and the agriculture industry from costly quarantines and the mass slaughter of animals infected with this easily spread disease.
Although warm, spring weather means more time outdoors, it also means more bugs – like bees, ticks and mosquitoes. The best way to deal with pesky bites and stings, say dermatologists from the American Academy of Dermatology, is to prevent them in the first place. This can also help you avoid an insect-related disease, which can put a damper on anyone’s spring.
The National Candle Association is calling upon the leadership of South Carolina State University to put a stop to the university's promotion of unsupported research and scientifically inaccurate claims.
Berkeley Lab researchers collaborated with colleagues from the University of Indiana and Texas A&M University to solve the atomic structure of a Zika virus protein that is key to viral reproduction. The X-ray studies were conducted at the Advanced Light Source in the Berkeley Center for Structural Biology.
The study, ”The Committed Inmate Relationships During Incarceration and STI/HIV Prevention,” aimed to characterize the relationships of incarcerated African-Americans and the influence of those characteristics in protection against STI/HIV risk when in the community, when STI/HIV transmission risk is greatest.
Scientists at The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) have found a way to tether HIV-fighting antibodies to immune cells, creating a cell population resistant to the virus.
Cholera cases in East Africa increase by roughly 50,000 during El Niño, the cyclical weather occurrence that profoundly changes global weather patterns, new Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health research suggests.
Ecologists at the University of Georgia have developed a model that maps the likelihood of Ebola virus “spillovers”—when the virus jumps from its long-term host to humans or animals such as great apes—across Africa on a month-by-month basis.
Recent studies have implicated air pollution from vehicles as playing a role in whether exposed infants develop autism. Now a UWM scientist will try to uncover how the developing brain is affected by these chemicals and whether they also lead to childhood ADHD.
Researchers in Germany have developed a transgenic mouse that could help scientists identify new influenza virus strains with the potential to cause a global pandemic. The mouse is described in a study, “In vivo evasion of MxA by avian influenza viruses requires human signature in the viral nucleoprotein,” that will be published April 10 in The Journal of Experimental Medicine.
The University of Chicago Medicine's Center for Interdisciplinary Inquiry and Innovation (Ci3) in Sexual and Reproductive Health has launched a research initiative aimed at reducing HIV infection and transmission among vulnerable youth of color, including young men who have sex with men (YMSM) and young transgender women.
Using computational tools inspired by financial math models developed to predict changes in stock prices, University of Iowa researchers were able to accurately predict how different properties of the HIV surface protein (Env) evolved in the population of Iowa over the course of 30 years. The ability to predict such changes by testing a small number of patients could potentially allow tailoring of vaccines to the specific forms of HIV present in different populations worldwide.
Infection with reovirus, a common but otherwise harmless virus, can trigger the immune system response to gluten that leads to celiac disease, according to new research from the University of Chicago and the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine.
Rutgers University scientists have determined the three-dimensional structure of the target of the first-line anti-tuberculosis drug rifampin. They have also discovered a new class of potential anti-tuberculosis drugs that kill rifampin-resistant and multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis bacteria. Tuberculosis (TB) bacteria infect a third of the world's population and the disease kills 1.8 million people annually.
Children may carry significant levels of nicotine on their hands just by coming into contact with items or surfaces contaminated with tobacco smoke residues, even when no one is actively smoking around them at the time. A study in Tobacco Control also reports the presence of significant nicotine on the hands of children was associated with equally significant levels of the harmful tobacco metabolite cotinine in saliva.
More than a third of HIV patients develop oral conditions from immune systems compromised by the virus and its treatment, according to the National Institutes of Health (NIH)
With funding from the National Institutes of Health and American Heart Association, Veronica Jimenez is guiding a study to fight the “kissing bug” parasite targeted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for public health action. Her doctorate in biomedical sciences, plus degrees in pharmacy and biochemistry are her foundation.
Elder Abuse: Research, Practice, and Policy provides the most up-to-date information regarding elder abuse, with respect to risk/protective factors, clinical assessment and management, ethnography, practice and services, legal justice, elder court systems, guardianship system, policy issues, and future directions.
Researchers from UNC-Chapel Hill, the National Cancer Institute and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, reported preliminary findings at the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting April 5 that the total number of HIV-positive cancer patients in the United States is projected to decrease through 2030. The researchers also projected that there would be a decrease in cancers linked to the advanced stage of HIV infection -- AIDS.
A study carried out by Leeds Beckett University has concluded that Pilates could offer a cost-effective alternative to traditional manual therapy interventions for non-specific lower back pain.
As the Zika virus continues to spread rapidly across the globe, it might pose a particular risk to people previously infected with two related viruses, dengue and West Nile, researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai have found. Their study, published in the journal Science, may help explain the severe manifestations of Zika virus infection observed in specific populations, including those in South America.
Even with equal access to healthcare in the United States military, significant disparities in caring for children with type 1 diabetes still exist, new research reports. The results of the study will be presented Monday, April 3, at ENDO 2017, the annual meeting of the Endocrine Society, in Orlando.
Nearly half of New Hampshire residents surveyed believe scientists adjust their findings to get the answers they want, and these people are significantly less likely to trust the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) as a source of information on the Zika virus, according to new research released by the Carsey School of Public Policy at the University of New Hampshire.
In honor of AHA’s National Walking Day on April 5, Dr. Laura Sperazza, Director of Low Vision Services at Lighthouse Guild in NY, offers tips for walking a Monday Mile for individuals with low vision. The Monday Mile, an initiative of The Monday Campaigns, encourages people from all walks of life to walk for their health by using Monday as the starting day.
A new study examines what young adults in Balaka, Malawi think about how anti-retroviral drugs are distributed amid an AIDS epidemic in the African nation.
Case Western Reserve University and Q2 Pharma Ltd., an Israeli biopharmaceutical company, have signed a two-year option to license small molecule, antivirulence technology to potentially treat bacterial infections such as methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), the first known scientific effort of its kind.
Researchers at the School of Medicine are hoping that the power of the internet – and compelling personal experiences – will help reach people with HIV who are neglecting their health because of fear, stigma or substance abuse. The researchers are testing an online program they have developed to address the problems they see most commonly among people who are failing to take their HIV medications.
Top experts from the government, non-profit and media sphere will address past, present and future contagious threats in an afternoon-long event at the University of Michigan.
In the study, hair samples from 80 young adults outside of NYC nightclubs and dance festivals, were tested for 82 drugs and metabolites (including NPS) using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry.
A new $1.5 million award from the National Institutes of Health will allow a University of Arkansas chemist to develop mathematical models to improve the reliability and efficiency of computer-aided drug design. The research could reduce the cost of drug discovery and lead to improvements in public health.
A team of researchers from the National University of Singapore has uncovered hidden vulnerabilities on the surface of the dengue virus.
It’s going to be a strange season and hard to predict what will happen," one allergy expert says.
Having a cold is bad enough, but having a cold if you’re lonely can actually feel worse, according to research published by the American Psychological Association.
Harold and Inge Marcus Career Associate Professor Hui Yang is the co-editor of a new book that focuses on statistical and operational research methods and tools that are being used to improve the health care industry.
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