Children who cannot eat normally because of intestinal problems must rely on parenteral nutrition, an intravenous method of feeding. But for reasons that haven't been understood, long-term PN can cause life-threatening liver injury. Researchers now report saving two children's lives -- with one able to come off a liver-transplant list -- simply by changing the type of fat used in the PN solution.
With the first baby boomers entering their 60s, issues of life expectancy and quality of life are more important than ever. There's plenty of good news for the "abbies" (aging baby boomers): Disability rates are falling, and research shows that older Americans are staying healthy for much longer than ever before, says the Harvard Health Letter.
Erratic blood pressure during the first hours after a stroke dramatically lowers the chances of survival. That's the finding of a Mayo Clinic study published in the current issue of the journal Neurology.
The first gene known to control the internal clock of humans and other mammals works much differently than previously believed, so scientists must change their approach to designing new drugs to treat jet lag, insomnia and other circadian rhythm disorders, according to the University of Utah's Huntsman Cancer Institute and the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
It's not uncommon to get hit on the head while playing a sport, but how do you know when you've suffered a concussion"”one of the least understood sports injuries? The head athletic trainer at the University of Indianapolis offers advice for recognizing this potentially serious condition and getting the right treatment.
Patients with insomnia who implemented cognitive behavioral therapy interventions such as relaxation techniques had greater improvement in their sleep than patients who received the sleep medication zopiclone, according to a study in the June 28 issue of JAMA.
Having a relatively high blood pressure level at night may increase the risk for congestive heart failure, according to a study in the June 28 issue of JAMA.
Making changes to what you eat is difficult. Often the barrier to change is a preoccupation with specific choices: Can I have eggs for breakfast? Is oatmeal better than raisin bran? Individual choices are meaningful, but if they fit into a sound overall dietary pattern, there will be plenty of wiggle room, says the July issue of Harvard Men's Health Watch.
Steve Enfinger, 57, recently retired and enjoying a round of golf, had no reason to believe anything was seriously wrong one day in July 2001 when he was overcome with pain.
Six surgical transplant teams, including 40 clinicians, working simultaneously in six operating rooms successfully performed New York City's first three-way kidney transplant at NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia. Three patients, who otherwise had no compatible donor, received lifesaving kidneys.
Heredity and family customs"”especially what you are fed as baby"”have an enormous impact on eating habits and taste cravings as an adult. That's what scientists speaking at the world's largest annual food science conference said here Monday at the Institute of Food Technologists Annual Meeting + FOOD EXPO®.
Science needs a few more good women. Efforts to improve foods targeted at improving women's health face a major challenge: A significant shortage of research reliant upon women's participation in food trials and studies.
Alzheimer's pathology can appear in the brains of older men and women without dementia or mild cognitive impairment. The pathology is related to loss of episodic memory, according to a new study published in the June 27, 2006, issue of Neurology.
Women who have severe hot flashes may have more chronic sleep problems than women who do not, according to a report in the June 26 issue of Archives of Internal Medicine, one of the JAMA/Archives journals.
Black women "“ even if their weight is normal "“ may be at increased risk for insulin resistance, a condition associated with diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart vessel disease, according to new research by Wake Forest University School of Medicine.
Using data from the landmark trial, ALLHAT, scientists today presented results showing that, despite a more favorable effect on metabolic factors defining the metabolic syndrome (MetS) with the alpha-blocker doxazosin, this agent was less effective in preventing hypertensive complications in patients with MetS than the diuretic chlorthalidone.
Eliminating antibiotic drugs from food animal production may have little positive effect on resistant bacteria that threaten human health, according to the Institute of Food Technologists. In fact, such actions abroad have resulted in more antibiotic use and more resistant bacteria in some cases.
Hallucinations and delusions are the most obvious symptoms of schizophrenia. But such psychotic or "positive" symptoms are not necessarily the most important or disabling ones. Another set of symptoms, called "negative" symptoms, are much more pervasive and persistent"”and they have a much greater effect on a patient's quality of life, reports the July issue of the Harvard Mental Health Letter.
Although millions depend on medications such as Ritalin to quell symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), scientists have struggled to pinpoint how the drugs work in the brain. But new work at the University of Wisconsin-Madison is now starting to clear up some of the mystery.
Society has played a key role in transplantation's development from dream to reality.
Estrogen seems to play a different role during stress in black and white girls, a difference that may help explain higher cardiovascular disease rates in blacks, researchers have found.
Researchers have long known that reasons for smoking include social pressure and other environmental factors, as well as genetic factors based on results of previous twin studies. Now a more comprehensive study of twins by researchers at USC has provided a better understanding of these complex influences. They found that women are far more likely than men to start smoking because of environmental factors.
A new study shows that an enzyme involved in appropriately repressing sets of neuronal genes in non-neuronal cells is also a target for certain monoamine oxidase inhibitors used to treat depression. The findings suggest that these anti-depressive drugs may have additional applications in other medically relevant areas. Specifically, the anti-cancer possibilities of these drugs are currently being explored.
Good news! A new study being presented at ISHIB2006 shows that individuals can take charge of their health by following a prescribed set of activities designed to reduce risk factors for heart disease. Transcendental Meditation (TM) and a time-and-attention-matched health education program have been found to reduce six risk factors used to determine metabolic status.
Researchers Link Microalbumin Levels to Sodium Retention During Stress. African American youth may have greater changes to t
Mental stress-induced changes in blood pressure and sodium excretion may affect how the blood vessels dilate to allow blood flow through the circulatory system. The study released today at ISHIB2006 found that some African American youth exposed to stress had poor endothelial function, resulting from poor handling of sodium.
Comparing results from both the CAPABLE and GEMINI clinical trials, researchers at today's ISHIB2006 presented new data that supports the efficacy of a fixed-dose therapy combining a calcium antagonist (amlodipine) and a statin (atorvastatin) for lowering high blood pressure and high cholesterol levels in hypertensive patients.
A new study has linked a major epidemic of abortion in Kentucky Thoroughbred mares to infection with vesivirus, the first time the virus has been suggested to cause this type of problem in horses. The findings add another concern to the health issues associated with this virus, which can infect and cause health problems in many animal species, as well as humans.
Medical research studies play a central role in improving health care practices and outcomes. This feature story focuses on women's participation in research. It includes information on recruiting and retaining women in research studies, as well as women's attitudes towards research.
In the month that marks the 25th anniversary of the first reported cases of AIDS in the United States, University of Virginia Health System researchers have published pioneering work describing a model system for long-term infection with a virus known as the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), which causes Kaposi's sarcoma (KS)"”the most common AIDS-related cancer worldwide.
Various studies suggest that moderate drinking helps prevent cardiovascular disease and lowers the risk for dementia. What hasn't made the headlines are the downsides of alcohol for women. The July issue of Harvard Women's Health Watch reports on the risks of alcohol, and why women, especially older women, are particularly vulnerable to them.
Based on the belief that a sedentary lifestyle is deadly, Debbie Mandel, M.A. created a stress-management/ strength training program for caregivers who have a 20% higher risk of mortality than the rest of the population.
An electronic device designed to "zap" away migraine pain before it starts may be the next form of relief for millions of people who suffer from the debilitating disease. Results of a study found that the experimental device appears to be effective in eliminating the headache when administered during the onset of the migraine.
To err is human, but asking nurses, physicians and other hospital staff to report medication errors and log them into a computer database can help improve patient safety systems as well as human error rates, according to a study from the Johns Hopkins Children's Center. Voluntary error-reporting systems are not new, but few studies have looked at the accuracy of the reporting and its impact, the Hopkins investigators say.
A new study found that mice lacking a gene crucial to the normal functioning of their immune systems didn't become ill when they were exposed to a pathogen that causes a horrendous infection in the liver and the spleen. The finding may lend insight into creating new drugs to treat different diseases that affect the liver.
Simply giving insecticide treated bed nets to families in malarious areas of the world may not be enough to stop malaria, says Tulane University international health researcher Kate Macintyre. Macintyre and colleagues recently published research showing 17 percent of children and 50 percent of adults in Eritrean households with a bed net did not sleep under the net regularly.
People who experience abrupt withdrawal from high-dose opioids or use cocaine increase their risk of cardiac event, according to two new studies published in the June issue of Mayo Clinic Proceedings.
While oral medications for ED, known as PDE-5 inhibitors, have revolutionized treatment for the condition, not all men respond equally. Through a series of studies, Jack Mydlo, MD, professor and chair of urology at Temple University, has found that when ED medications fail, combination therapy might be the answer.
Research at Indiana State University indicates adding weight to toys may help improve children's fitness.
Have a red, sore itchy rash after wearing that new bracelet? It could result from allergic contact dermatitis, a skin reaction to something -- jewelry, fragrance or other substances -- with which you've had contact.
Most everyone can relate to an occasional bout of dry eyes or dry mouth. But if you live with both every day, it could be Sjögren's (SHOW-grins) syndrome.
Sleep Apnea Treatment Device Takes Patience, Fine-tuning
What you don't know about Alzheimer's disease could hurt you, according to the July issue of Mayo Clinic Women's HealthSource.
A compound that stimulates the secretion of growth hormone can help older adults improve their physical function and lower their body fat percentage, according to study results that will be presented Wednesday, June 21, at the International Congress of Neuroendocrinology in Pittsburgh.
Children who attend school near large-scale livestock farms known as concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) may be at a higher risk for asthma, according to a new study by University of Iowa researchers.
Teaching young women to delay sex until marriage is a good start but is not enough to prevent the spread of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases, says Tulane international health researcher Sohail Agha. In fact, Agha's research showed that years of education was a stronger predictor of both delaying sex and using condoms.
Physicians who participated in a pharmaceutical-sponsored clinical trial involving asthma medications maintained adherence to treatment guidelines but were more likely to prescribe the sponsor's drugs, according to a study in the June 21 issue of JAMA.
A team of researchers led by Prof. Irun Cohen of the Weizmann Institute of Science Immunology Department has revealed the molecular mechanism of a vaccine for Type 1 diabetes. The new findings should help amplify the effectiveness of the vaccine, which is currently in advanced stages of clinical trials.
Stalking is as much a public health issue as a criminal justice problem, according to the authors of a new national study. Of the nearly 10,000 adults surveyed, 4.5 percent reported having been stalked at some time in their lives, which extrapolates to more than 7 million women and 2 million men in the United States. Most stalkers aren't strangers, say the authors and other experts.
The brain's septum helps prevent epileptic seizures by inducing rhythmical electrical activity in the circuits of another area of the brain known as the hippocampus. The researchers found that, by imposing a normal "theta" rhythm on epileptic rats, they reduced seizures by 86-97%.
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