In a proof-of-concept study, researchers from the University of Pennsylvania showed that a hands-free system could effectively automate the treatment and removal of tooth-decay-causing bacteria and dental plaque.
Receptors found on cell surfaces bind to hormones, proteins, and other molecules, helping cells respond to their environment.
Hispanic and Black men are dying from HPV-associated throat cancer at a higher rate, and most new cases are being diagnosed in white men at late-stage when it’s more difficult to treat, according to a new Rutgers study.
Geckos are famous for having grippy feet that allow them to scale vertical surfaces with ease. They get this seeming superpower from millions of microscopic, hairlike structures on their toes.
Groups (Grp) 3 and 4 are aggressive molecular subgroups of medulloblastoma (MB), with high rates of leptomeningeal dissemination. To date, there is still a paucity of biomarkers for these subtypes of MBs. The RNA-binding protein Musashi-1 (MSI1) is a neural stem cell marker, characterized as a gene translation regulator and associated with high oncogenicity in several human cancers.
TREM2 is an innate immune receptor expressed by microglia in the adult brain. Homozygous TREM2 mutations cause a rare leukodystrophy, Nasu-Hakola disease (NHD). Despite extensive investigation, the role of TREM2 in NHD pathogenesis remains poorly understood.
All living cells maintain a charge distribution across their cell membrane (membrane potential) by carefully controlled ion fluxes. These bioelectric signals regulate cell behavior (such as migration, proliferation, differentiation) as well as higher-level tissue and organ patterning. Thus, voltage gradients represent an important parameter for diagnostics as well as a promising target for therapeutic interventions in birth defects, injury, and cancer. However, despite much progress in cell and molecular biology, little is known about bioelectric states in human stem cells.
Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common and aggressive type of lung cancer with the highest incidence of bone metastasis. Epidermal growth factor‐like domain multiple 6 (EGFL6) is an exocrine protein, and the expression of EGFL6 is correlated with survival of patient with lung adenocarcinoma. However, the association between EGFL6 expression in lung adenocarcinoma and bone metastasis has not been investigated.
A research team led by Caltech spent nearly 20 years determining X-ray structures, one by one, to create a map of the nuclear pore complex, one of the largest and most complex pieces of cellular machinery.
Swallowing fluoroscopy is the most common diagnostic test for patients with swallowing problems caused by conditions such as stroke, head and neck cancer, neurodegenerative disease, or prolonged intubation. Despite widespread use, there has been no standard practice to guide its use in the United States.
Conservationists have conducted the first comprehensive review of national laws across the range of the jaguar (Panthera onca) to show opportunities for strengthening legal protections of the largest cat species found in the Americas.
The growing incidence of a potentially cancer-causing liver disease in children is associated with prenatal exposure to several endocrine-disrupting chemicals, Mount Sinai researchers report.
To understand how plants respond to environmental stresses, researchers examined the genes regulated by the stress hormone abscisic acid. Specifically, they examined how these genes differ between plants that are sensitive or resistant to high levels of salt in the soil. The study found that stress hormones do not always act as growth inhibiting signals.
Particle accelerators can be huge, limiting their deployment in industry and science. Researchers have developed a new technique to measure terahertz light in a way that preserves the correlations between position and time. This may pave the way to smaller particle accelerators.
Lactobacilli that live in the human female urinary tract’s microbiome are competitive and kill nearby pathogenic bacteria, says the first study of its kind done at The University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH). Greater understanding of the processes involved could lead to new therapies.
Researchers have solved a medical mystery in a poorly understood disease by uncovering which cells cause tumours in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC).
Activities beyond campus – such as business air travel, student commutes and purchases of goods like lab equipment – account for more than 60% of Cornell University’s carbon emissions, according to new research that analyzed the university’s greenhouse gas consumption through the lens of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Outpatient antibiotic management of selected patients with appendicitis is safe, allowing many patients to avoid surgery and hospitalization, and should be considered as part of shared decision-making between doctor and patient.
A new study published in BMJ using data from more than 100 hospitals in the United States Veterans Health Administration finds significantly more missed instances of low oxygen levels in Black patients than White patients due to inaccurate pulse oximeters.
A new analysis of observed temperatures shows the Arctic is heating up more than four times faster than the rate of global warming. The trend has stepped upward steeply twice in the last 50 years, a finding missed by all but four of 39 climate models.
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