Using microarray analysis, University of Iowa researchers and collaborators have identified a subset of genes in a bacterium that behave differently when the organism exists as a biofilm. These findings may lead scientists to the genetic causes of increased antibiotic resistance in biofilms.
A University of Iowa researcher has published an extensive review of 45 investigations on carrageenan, a thickener used in foods such as pudding and yogurt. The review raises questions about the safety of carrageenan and suggests it needs to be better regulated by the FDA.
In the largest investigation of its type to date, a University of Iowa study confirms that people with HIV infection who also are infected with a virus known as GB Virus type C (GBV-C) live longer than those people who are HIV-positive but are not co-infected with GBV-C.
UI researchers and their colleagues have shown that highly aggressive melanoma cells interact with the extracellular matrix differently than less aggressive melanoma cells. These differences may have important implications for diagnosis and treatment of melanoma, as well as other types of aggressive cancers.
University of Iowa research results appear to confirm the hypothesis that drug addiction is, at least in part, a decision-making disorder. The study found that a large subset of substance-dependent individuals performed poorly on a clinical test designed to measure deficits in decision-making.
University of Iowa researchers and their colleagues have discovered that a protein usually found in endothelial cells is also made by aggressive melanoma cells. The team's research shows that the protein, Vascular Endothelial Cadherin plays a key role in the ability of these cancer cells to form primitive vascular networks.
Researchers at the University of Iowa have identified a new gene that causes juvenile polyposis, a condition where patients develop polyps in the gastrointestinal tract and colon and are at increased risk of developing colorectal and stomach cancers.
A research team led by University of Iowa investigators has identified two mutated genes that cause features of Bardet-Biedl Syndrome, a rare, recessive disorder and have implications for obesity, diabetes and hypertension.
Iowa family physicians and their patients overall support having adults receive immunizations from non-physician health care professionals at sites outside of physician offices, according to two related studies by University of Iowa researchers.
Nitrate in drinking water is associated with an increased risk for bladder cancer, according to a University of Iowa study that looked at cancer incidence among nearly 22,000 Iowa women.
Children enrolled in the Healthy and Well Kids in Iowa (HAWK-I) health insurance program have better access to health services than before enrolling in the program, according to a report by the University of Iowa Public Policy Center.
Many health insurance plans could be expanded, at a reasonable cost to subscribers, to cover cost-effective treatments such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) for couples and individuals with infertility, according to a University of Iowa Health Care study. (Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology, 12-00)
A new Univeristy of Iowa report identifies workplace violence as a significant public health problem, affect two million workers each year, and calls for a major research funding initiative to better understand its causes and prevention.
A University of Iowa conference, "Women's Mental Health Through the Life Cycle: Mood, Food and Sex," will be held March 29-31 in Iowa City to address how to advance women's mental health issues and re-orient medical practice to include appropriate gender-based approaches.
University of Iowa researchers are developing a new approach to treat prostate cancer. The treatment uses heat generated by implanted magnetic rods to destroy the cancer.
University of Iowa researchers have discovered a potential preventative treatment for some forms of cardiomyopathy caused by muscular dystrophy.
The drug sildenafil citrate - better known as Viagra - causes a dramatic increase in the nerve activity associated with cardiovascular function, especially during physical and mental stress, bolstering recommendations that men with severe cardiovascular disease use caution when taking the drug. (Circulation, 12-19-00)
A region at the front of the brain's right hemisphere, the prefrontal cortex, plays a critical role in how the human brain processes emotions. A recent University of Iowa study is the first to investigate human emotion processing by the right prefrontal cortex at the level of individual brain cells. (Nature Neuroscience, 1-01)
A service project led by a psychologist now with University of Iowa Health Care is providing insight into how counseling helps inner-city youth better deal with bereavement associated with violence and how other interventions might help reduce the violence altogether. (J. of Community Psychology, 11-00)
Nearly half of the school nurses surveyed for a recent University of Iowa study reported medication errors in their schools in the past year. The most common error was a missed dose. The findings are contained in a study led by associate professor of nursing at the UI. (Journal of School Health, 11-00)
The UI team has found that two molecules, perforin and interferon gamma, already known to participate in the fight against infections, are also responsible for regulating the size and nature of both the initial immune response and the residual protective immunity. (Science, 11-17-00)
At University of Iowa Health Care pediatric specialty-based asthma care program, researchers see cause for revising asthma guidelines published and disseminated by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute within the National Institutes of Health.
Involuntary treatment seems to be as effective as voluntary treatment for treating eating disorders in the short term, according to a study by University of Iowa Health Care researchers. (American Journal of Psychiatry 11-1-00)
Good news from genetic screening tests can bring more to its recipients than relief: it also can bring doubts about the future and, in some cases, guilt. A University of Iowa study reported recently that individuals who received negative results from genetic screening for Huntington disease usually "were not prepared for the implications of a 'good news' test outcome." (Research in Nursing & Health)
Research in animal models by University of Iowa Health Care investigators suggests that gene therapy to the brain may be key to preventing and treating cerebral vasospasms.
Of all the senses, touch is the least understood at the molecular level. University of Iowa researchers and their colleagues at the Max-Delbruck-Center for Molecular Medicine in Berlin, Germany, have made a discovery that is the first step in understanding the molecular basis for this process. (Nature, 10-26-00).
Now in its 30th year, the Muscatine Heart Study led by University of Iowa Health Care researchers has involved nearly 20,000 individuals, most of them school children. Many of the original participants are involved in the study as adults in their 30s and 40s.
A laboratory test developed by University of Iowa researchers indicates that the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients are infected primarily with bacterial biofilms, organized communities of bacterial cells that are extremely resistant to antibiotic treatment.(Nature, 10-12-00)
University of Iowa researchers have discovered that a simple sugar may enhance the natural defense system and potentially help delay or prevent the onset of deadly bacterial infections in the lungs of people with cystic fibrosis.
For many women with vulvar cancer who require surgery, saphenous vein preservation lowers the risk of subsequent leg problems without increasing the risk of recurrent cancer, according to a University of Iowa Health Care study (Cancer, 10-01-00).
Last June, scientists announced that they had completed the working draft of the human genome. But what does it really mean? Perhaps the most important question we should be asking is "what next?" UI researchers are using new strategies to explore that question.
Asthma appears to be more common among elite American athletes who participate in winter sports than those who participate in summer sports, according to a University of Iowa study of Olympic competitors (Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 8-2000).
Reproductive health care professionals need to develop better strategies to reduce pregnancy-related deaths among African-American women, according to a study led by a researcher at the University of Iowa College of Public Health.
University of Iowa researchers have found a way to improve circulation in the limbs of mice with diabetes. The findings have implications for the treatment of diabetes in humans. (Journal of Clinical Investigation, 8-15-00)
A drug already undergoing stages I and II clinical trials as a cancer treatment may also have potential as an anti-HIV therapy, shows a study led by a University of Iowa researcher (Journal of Biological Chemistry, 7-21-00).
The University of Iowa will host the "Eighth Annual Conference on Management of the Tinnitus Patient" Sept. 21-23 in Iowa City. Tinnitus -- ringing or buzzing in the ears -- affects millions of Americans and has no known cure.
A link between how primary care physicians structured their questions in e-mails and whether specialist consultants answered the questions without requesting a formal consultation was found by a University of Iowa Health Care study (Archives of Family Medicine, 6-00).
Observational studies published in reputable medical journals often give similar results to randomized controlled trials, according to University of Iowa researchers (NEJM, 6-22-00).
"Making Weight: Men's Conflicts with Food, Weight, Shape and Appearance" aims to help men understand that fat is no longer only a feminist issue. The book's co-writers are a leading expert on male eating disorders, an author of many eating disorder books, and a psychiatrist who is recovered from both compulsive exercise and an eating disorder.
In a study involving nearly 3,700 Gulf War-era veterans, University of Iowa researchers did not find evidence of a unique "Gulf War syndrome" attributed to military service in the Persian Gulf from 1990-1991 (American Journal of Medicine, 6-15-00).
Three breakthroughs in the development of gene therapies for cystic fibrosis and other genetic diseases have been reported by University of Iowa researchers.
Lee Allen, a former ophthalmic illustrator and an associate in the University of Iowa Department of Ophthalmology for more than 60 years, has put his drawing skills and first-hand experience with age-related macular degeneration to use to help people better understand the disease.
Scholars and health professionals from around the world will meet at the University of Iowa June 11-16 to discuss a variety of issues related to tobacco consumption, including marketing to youth, state control of tobacco, tobacco-related oral disease, and methods of intervention to help smokers quit.
A key role in the development of a first-of-its-kind, American-style family medicine clinic in Moscow, a clinic that will serve as a model for transforming health care delivery in Russia, will be played by the University of Iowa.
Pregnant women with cervical cancer should deliver their babies by cesarean section rather than vaginally, according to a University of Iowa Health Care study (Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 6-00).
Genetic evidence that mutations to a certain gene are associated with differences in the human response to inhaled endotoxin, a contaminant commonly found in agricultural dust, air pollution and household dust, has been found by University of Iowa researchers (Nature Genetics, 6-00).
Long-term exposure to radon in the home is associated with lung cancer risk and presents a significant environmental health hazard, according to a study led by researchers at the University of Iowa (American Journal of Epidemiology, 6-1-00).
Traders in the Iowa Electronic Markets can now buy and sell shares in the prospects of candidates in the hotly contested Mexican presidential race.
Christopher Merrill has been appointed director of the International Writing Program at the University of Iowa; he also will have a faculty appointment as professor in the UI department of English.
Certain community characteristics, including higher rates of child abuse, seem to be related to increased reported or substantiated elder abuse, according to a University of Iowa Health Care study that examined 10 years of statewide data (Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 5-00).
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