Antimicrobial medications intended to prevent surgical site infections are appropriately administered to patients (within one hour before incision) only 55.7 percent of the time, according to a study.
Elderly patients can safely undergo gastric bypass surgery and can be expected to experience similar benefits from the operation as younger patients, according to an article.
An overnight sleep test is required to distinguish ordinary snorers from persons with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), according to a study.
Use of cell phones to send images via e-mail to consulting physicians at remote locations appears to be a feasible approach for visualization of chronic leg ulcerations, according to an article.
A three-day regimen of the antibiotic amoxicillin-clavulanate is not as effective as ciprofloxacin at treating an uncomplicated bladder infection in women, according to a study.
Researchers have identified a genetic test that when used with DNA testing would detect a higher number of genetic mutations in colorectal cancer patients, according to a study.
Testing for a certain protein in urine was found to increase the accuracy for diagnosis of bladder cancer, according to a study.
Patients with type 1 diabetes who received islet transplantation from a single donor pancreas were insulin independent one year later, according to a study.
A preliminary report suggests that cell-free fetal messenger RNA can be extracted from amniotic fluid, and then be analyzed to study gene expression changes that may reflect the well-being of the fetus, according to a paper.
A technique called size-fractionation performed on a sample of the mother's blood allows researchers to identify fetal DNA molecules separate from maternal DNA as a way to determine which pregnancies may be at risk for genetic disorders, according to a preliminary communication.
An analysis of 19 randomized controlled trials involving COX-2 inhibitors suggests that these agents raise blood pressure more than either conventional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or placebo, according to a study.
Observational studies which report that influenza vaccination reduces winter mortality risk among the elderly by 50 percent may substantially overestimate the vaccination benefit.
Persons younger than 65 with high-risk medical conditions such as chronic lung and heart disease can substantially benefit from annual influenza vaccination during an epidemic, according to a study.
After a rise in the popularity of dietary supplements in the 1990s, their use seems to have plateaued, although exposure may continue to increase with the addition of herbal supplements to mainstream multivitamin products.
Patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 who have been able to suppress the virus while receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy experience intermittent episodes of detectable viremia which are also known as "blips."
A medication that could simplify anticoagulation therapy, ximelagatran, was found to be as effective as other common therapies for preventing stroke and recurrent blood clots, according to studies.
Keeping a gun locked, unloaded, and storing ammunition in a locked and separate location can lower the risk of unintentional injuries and suicide among youth, according to a study.
Patients with cancer have a 7-fold increased risk for blood clots in the legs or lungs (venous thrombosis), according to a study.
Most parents surveyed felt laws requiring parental notification of minors requesting prescribed contraceptives were a good idea, while almost half viewed a minor's right to obtain contraceptives without parental consent as a good idea, according to an article.
Parents are generally accepting of the hypothetical scenario of vaccinating their adolescent children against infection, whether the infection is sexually transmitted or not, according to a study.
Over one-fourth of HIV-infected parents reported avoiding certain physical interactions, like hugging or kissing, with their children due to a fear of transmitting the disease or of contracting an infection from them, according to an article.
The over-the-counter hormonal therapy known as DHEA may be an effective treatment of midlife-onset minor and major depression, according to a study. DHEA, an adrenal androgen and neurosteroid is available as a supplement in the U.S.
Significantly higher levels of antisocial behavior were found in seven-year-old children whose mothers were depressed during the child's first five years of life, according to an article.
New research indicates that CPR performed outside the hospital and in the hospital often does not meet or adhere to standard guidelines, according to 2 studies.
An intervention for adolescents aimed at improving the quality of treatment for depression is effective at reducing depression.
Behavioral and emotional difficulties are found in children with obstructive sleep apnea, but they improve after treatment, according to a study.
The use of new mobile surgical teams resulted in the faster treatment of injured U.S. Marines and Iraqi patients.
Dementia-associated weight loss begins before the onset of the definite dementia symptoms and accelerates by the time of the diagnosis, according to a study.
Obese and overweight patients in a study group reported sleeping less than their peers with normal body mass indexes (BMIs), according to an article.
Physicians may encounter situations in which their medical recommendations conflict with a patient's religious beliefs, according to an article.
The cholesterol-lowering medications called statins do not appear to reduce the incidence of cancer or cancer deaths, according to a meta-analysis of previous studies.
A survey of U.S. medical schools shows that the number of full time faculty members has increased, the number of enrolled students has remained steady, and approximately half of applicants and entering students are women, according to an article.
The number of physicians in graduate medical education is at its highest, at about 100,000, according to an article.
Women who have breast cancer detected by mammography screening have a reduced risk of distant tumor recurrence than women with breast cancer detected outside of screening, according to a study.
A review of the medical literature suggests that older persons with systolic hypertension (and systolic blood pressure of at least 160 mm Hg) should receive treatment, according to an article.
Women who drink higher amounts of sugar-sweetened beverages have an increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes and gaining weight, according to a study.
Integrating psychotherapy by telephone into a program for treating depression can significantly improve outcomes, according to a study.
Medicare beneficiaries who exceed their annual drug benefit cap report having to reduce their use of essential medications and experience difficulty paying for prescription medications, according to a study.
High levels of thyroid hormone in pregnant women can have a direct toxic effect on fetal development, according to a study.
Children and adolescents who have received the varicella (chickenpox) vaccine and contract varicella are about half as contagious as those who have not been vaccinated, according to a study.
Preliminary results from a trial for a streptococcal vaccine indicate the vaccine appears likely to offer protection against streptococcal infections, according to a study.
A computer-based simulation model suggests that short-term hormone therapy is associated with increases in quality of life for women with menopausal symptoms, but may shorten life expectancy.
Prescribing of inappropriate medications for elderly patients appears relatively common.
Trauma patients who test positive for methamphetamine are more likely to be admitted to the hospital and have significantly higher hospital costs.
Retinal findings in children with severe forms of malaria (with brain involvement and severe anemia) appear related to disease outcomes such as prolonged coma and death.
An interactive computer program can help educate women about breast cancer risk and genetic testing, and a decision board offering information on treatment options can help breast cancer patients choose between mastectomy and breast-conserving therapy.
The presence and severity of peripheral arterial disease, as measured by comparing blood pressures in the arm and leg, and the nature of the leg symptoms a patient experiences can be used to identify those at highest risk of decline in walking endurance.
In a study using hypothetical cases, physicians commonly made end-of-life treatment decisions that were not consistent with patient preferences stated in explicit advance directives, according to an article.
New medications for osteoporosis, offering improved efficacy and convenient dosing, are associated with increased frequency of patient visits and treatment. The finding suggests new drug therapy contributes to increased disease recognition and treatment.
The risk of suicidal behavior is increased in the first month after starting antidepressants, and is similar among users of four antidepressant drugs, according to a study.
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