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Researchers at Johns Hopkins have discovered that the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) depends on the moving parts of a cell's surface to allow it to enter the cell.

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Johns Hopkins researchers have uncovered a simple way to predict which adult asthma patients are likely to run into asthma problems within the next year and possibly could benefit from different strategies to manage their disease.

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A vaccine pairing a genetically altered, harmless canarypox virus, and a genetically engineered piece of the HIV protein coat, induce immune system activity against laboratory strains of HIV better than either vaccine alone, according to a Johns Hopkins School of Public Health researcher.

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Alarmed by the epidemic rate at which children are being exposed to violence - on the streets, in their communities, and through the media - the Johns Hopkins Children's Center has opened an Office for the Prevention of Violence to address the needs of traumatized children and to draw attention to a rapidly escalating public health threat.

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Ultrasound waves may be as effective as magnetic resonance imaging at detecting small blood vessel blockage after a heart attack, according to researchers at Johns Hopkins.

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A unique molecular defect in an unusual blood disorder first identified and described at Johns Hopkins by the late Sir William Osler almost a century ago has now been discovered by a team of his professional descendants.

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Despite living in a society that is increasingly weight and appearance conscious, many American children may be headed toward sedentary, overweight adulthood. Researchers at Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center have found that as the hours of television watched by American children increases, so does their weight.

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Johns Hopkins researchers have identified genetic mutations that appear to cause or contribute to more than half of all non-inherited or sporadic cases of the deadly muscle disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), or Lou Gehrig's disease.

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Vascular surgeons at Johns Hopkins are participating in a nationwide test of a procedure that uses 3-D images and a metal-supported cloth tube to repair stretched and weakened abdominal arteries before they burst and kill.

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Johns Hopkins researchers have new evidence supporting a controversial theory that asthma is partially caused by the failure of deep breaths to relax constricted lung muscles enough to let in more air.

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One in 10 health care workers frequently exposed to rubber surgical and examination gloves is on the cusp of developing allergy symptoms that could seriously affect both their health and their careers, according to a new study from Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions.

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Pelvic congestive syndrome, a painful disorder in women, which often goes undiagnosed and untreated, can usually be cured by plugging blood vessels in the ovaries, according to a study by a Johns Hopkins radiologist.

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A widely used operation to prevent stroke by removing blockages from blood vessels in the neck is safe even for the elderly -- and safest and least expensive when done in hospitals performing the greatest number, a Johns Hopkins study has found.

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Scientists at Johns Hopkins have developed the first precise, noninvasive means of measuring a chemical in the heart tied to the extent of muscle damage from a heart attack.

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A five-year educational campaign to increase condom use in Thailand has led to a fivefold decrease in HIV infection among young army draftees in northern Thailand and a tenfold decrease in sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) overall, according to Johns Hopkins researchers.

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the heart after a heart attack may help determine which patients do well and which ones will later suffer complications such as recurrent heart attack, congestive heart failure, stroke or death, according to a study led by Johns Hopkins researchers.

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Scientists at Johns Hopkins and the University of Pennsylvania have tracked down the gene responsible for a paralyzing disease that has plagued at least eight generations of a Maryland family, the Mattinglys.

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Researchers from Johns Hopkins and Finland are showing that fancy mathematical footwork plus detailed magnetic resonance imaging pictures of the brain may add up to a better understanding of the experience of thinking.

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Johns Hopkins researchers have found evidence that some cancer cells are such incredible sugar junkies that they'll self-destruct when deprived of glucose, their biological sweet of choice.

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Inexpensive screening of all sexually active young women under 30 for Chlamydia trachomatis infection would vastly reduce infertility and the costly medical complications of this sexually transmitted disease, according to results of a Johns Hopkins study.

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A Johns Hopkins physician has discovered that a 74-year-old woman originally diagnosed with a blood cell cancer actually had a very mild case of malaria that lasted for as many as 70 years. Once he nailed down the cause of her symptoms, he cured her within three days.

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A Johns Hopkins evaluation of a drug commonly used to prevent rejection of kidney transplants has found that it also may help patients with severe symptoms of kidney disease.

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Women get more tension headaches than men and people with advanced degrees suffer more often from tension headaches than the less educated, according to a recent study of tension headache prevalence conducted by researchers at the Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health.

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According to research by a Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center physician, potato chips made with olestra don't cause any more digestive problems than regular-fat potato chips and, despite containing only half the calories, are just as filling. Olestra, a nonabsorbable fat substitute, has been making news headlines since its approval by the FDA two years ago for use in snack products.

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Natural estrogens may offer some protection to premenopausal women threatened with severe brain damage during stroke, according to a study led by researchers at Johns Hopkins and the National Institutes of Health.

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Johns Hopkins Business of Medicine Tips and Briefs-- Listed are story ideas from the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions.

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Diabetes has long been known to be one major cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), but the magnitude of risk has been uncertain. Now, a study led by Johns Hopkins researchers finds that diabetic men are nearly 13 times more likely to develop ESRD than non-diabetic men.

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AIDS is spreading among young, monogamous, married women in India who get infected by apparently promiscuous husbands, according to a study by researchers at Johns Hopkins and the National AIDS Research Institute in Pune, India.

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An exaggerated response to mental stress could be a marker for future heart disease among people under age 60 with a strong family history of premature heart disease, according to a study by Johns Hopkins researchers.

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Researchers from Johns Hopkins and India find that a simple set of symptoms including fever, joint pain, and night sweats can quickly identify people who recently have been infected with the AIDS virus, even before there is evidence from a blood test. Unprotected sex with a prostitute and a fresh genital ulcer also are tip-offs to recent HIV infection.

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Johns Hopkins researchers have confirmed that a gene related to bipolar disorder in families is located in the "long arm" of human chromosome 18.

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People who have total knee replacements and later undergo extensive dental work may be susceptible to knee infections years after their initial surgery, according to a study by Johns Hopkins physicians.

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Researchers at the Johns Hopkins Children's Center have found that a drug used to normalize blood ammonia levels also holds promise for cystic fibrosis.

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Scientists at Johns Hopkins have used brain scans to show that intravenous doses of cocaine increase the availability of dopamine, the brain's "feel-good" chemical.

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Researchers from Johns Hopkins, the Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center (New York, N.Y.) and the University of California, San Diego, have shown that drug "cocktail" therapy for AIDS does not completely clear the body of HIV. Rather, small amounts of the virus remain "hidden" in immune system cells, unable to cause disease or develop resistance to anti-AIDS drugs.

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Adenoviruses, viruses that cause common upper respiratory infections, may also cause life-threatening heart muscle inflammation in adults, according to a study led by Johns Hopkins researchers.

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The same genetic "secret formula" that gave unusually large muscles to the "mighty mice" engineered by Johns Hopkins is also at work naturally in specially bred cattle that have extra muscle, according to a new report from the researchers.

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One in five people who has a stroke associated with heart surgery dies before leaving the hospital and only one in four is able to return straight home after hospitalization for their surgery, according to a study by Johns Hopkins physicians. These stroke victims also required hospital stays more than twice as long as other heart surgery patients.

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Nearly one in four people suffers from depression after a heart attack, according to a study by Johns Hopkins researchers, who found that these patients are less likely to comply with their doctors' advice to modify their diets and exercise more often.

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An unlikely team of heart surgeons and brain chemistry experts at Johns Hopkins has experimental evidence that some common drugs including anti-seizure medications may reduce or eliminate the most feared risk to people facing heart bypass surgery -- inevitable, if often subtle, brain damage.

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Older people with chronic congestive heart failure can significantly improve their functional independence by exercising moderately three times a week, according to a study led by Johns Hopkins physicians.

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Good results in preliminary studies of a potential diagnostic test for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have led Johns Hopkins scientists to call for an expanded trial immediately.

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Researchers at Johns Hopkins think they have identified sites in the brain where "worrying" takes place. Using brain scans that measure blood flow variations, the scientists concluded that several structures on the right side are the site of anxious thoughts.

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A new study suggests the amyloid plaques that form in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients are not the end products of the disease but the beginning of it, according to Johns Hopkins scientists.

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A questionnaire answered by students at a Baltimore County high school shows that nearly 10 percent of them have received psychological help to deal with difficulties related to exposure to violence in one or more of the three major areas of their lives: the media, their home and/or community, and school.

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Cooling the body for heart surgery causes an overproduction of the neurotransmitter glutamate, an excitatory amino acid, and can leave the nervous system vulnerable to damage from the start of the cooling process until up to eight hours after recovery, a Johns Hopkins animal study suggests. This contradicts previous theories that brain damage occurred only during the initial recovery period.

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Estrogen therapy, which has halved coronary artery disease symptoms in postmenopausal women, may hold similar health benefits for men in the same age group, Johns Hopkins researchers have discovered.

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Using air bags and shoulder restraints in passenger aircraft could reduce deaths from head injuries sustained in airplane crashes, according to a study led by researchers at Johns Hopkins. Such injuries account for up to a third of all aviation-related deaths in the United States.

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A contaminated endoscope that may have transmitted tuberculosis (TB) between two hospital patients has highlighted the need for scrupulous adherence to endoscope cleaning procedures and the value of maintaining TB DNA fingerprint registries.

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By further tracking nitric oxide's actions in the brain, Johns Hopkins scientists report they have figured out what may be a universal sequence of biochemical events from stroke to brain cell death.