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Released: 19-Aug-2013 10:45 AM EDT
Therapeutic Eye Injections May Be Needed Less Often
Johns Hopkins Medicine

Biomedical engineers have created a new drug-delivery strategy for a type of central vision loss caused by blood vessel growth at the back of the eye, where such growth should not occur. The team gave the drug a biodegradable coating to keep it in the eye longer. If effective in humans, monthly needle sticks to the eye, which are the current standard of care, could be replaced with only two or three injections per year.

Released: 19-Aug-2013 10:00 AM EDT
3-D Images Show Flame Retardants Can Mimic Estrogens in NIH Study
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)

By determining the three-dimensional structure of proteins at the atomic level, researchers at the National Institutes of Health have discovered how some commonly used flame retardants, called brominated flame retardants (BFRs), can mimic estrogen hormones and possibly disrupt the body’s endocrine system. BFRs are chemicals added or applied to materials to slow or prevent the start or growth of fire.

13-Aug-2013 4:00 PM EDT
In Regenerating Planarians, Muscle Cells Provide More Than Heavy Lifting
Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research

By studying the planarian flatworm, a master of regenerating missing tissue and repairing wounds, the lab of Whitehead Institute Member Peter Reddien has identified an unexpected source of position instruction: the muscle cells in the planarian body wall. This is the first time that such a positional control system has been identified in adult regenerative animals.

Released: 15-Aug-2013 12:00 PM EDT
Sympathetic Neurons “Cross Talk” with Pancreas Cells During Early Development
 Johns Hopkins University

Sympathetic neurons “cross-talk” -- or engage in reciprocal signaling -- with the tissues they connect to. And when they don't, there's trouble.

Released: 15-Aug-2013 11:00 AM EDT
Creighton Researcher Receives $3.52 Million to Study Obesity and Fat Around the Heart
Creighton University

Five Creighton researchers will study a form of fat that surrounds the heart. They believe this fat undergoes a chemical change in some obese patients, which could be the cause behind the narrowing of arteries and development of heart disease.

   
Released: 15-Aug-2013 11:00 AM EDT
Bench-to-Bedside Asthma Research to Study Potential Biomarker
Creighton University

A cancer biologist's chance finding during a prostate cancer study has yielded promising results for diagnosing and treating asthma. This research could result in a new biomarker for asthma as well as novel therapies.

Released: 15-Aug-2013 10:00 AM EDT
Making Medical Decisions for a Cognitively Impaired Family Member Is Complicated
Indiana University

Decision-making by a surrogate for a family member who is unable to make medical decisions is more complicated than decision-making by patients themselves.

Released: 15-Aug-2013 8:00 AM EDT
Seattle BioMed Awarded $16.6 Million Tuberculosis Grant From National Institutes of Health
Center for Infectious Disease Research, formerly Seattle Biomedical Research Institute (Seattle BioMed)

Seattle BioMed has been awarded a grant that will take a comprehensive systems approach to the problem of tuberculosis (TB) infection, harnessing the power of technology and systems biology to examine the progression from latent infection to disease.

Released: 14-Aug-2013 6:00 PM EDT
Preterm Babies at Risk for Later Cognitive Difficulties
UC San Diego Health

Researchers at the University of California, San Diego have received a five-year, $3 million grant from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver Institute of Child Health and Human Development, part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The grant will fund a longitudinal study designed to track the developmental trajectory in cognitive, academic and brain measures as very preterm children transition from preschool to grade school. Results will provide the foundation for designing appropriate learning interventions.

Released: 14-Aug-2013 2:00 PM EDT
Boise State Research Team Building a Computer Chip Based on the Human Brain
Boise State University

A Boise State research team has taken on the challenge of developing a new kind of computing architecture that works more like a brain than a digital computer.

Released: 14-Aug-2013 12:00 PM EDT
Study Finds Prenatal Anti-HIV Meds Not Linked to Children’s Language Delays
University of Kansas, Life Span Institute

Typical combinations of anti-HIV medications do not appear to cause language delays in children who where exposed to HIV in the womb and whose mothers took the antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy.

Released: 13-Aug-2013 12:50 PM EDT
‘Hyper-Vigilance’ About Race Linked to Elevated Blood Pressure in Black Patients
Johns Hopkins Medicine

Black patients preoccupied with racial concerns have higher blood pressure than those who aren’t, according to results of new Johns Hopkins-led research. The findings suggest that heightened race consciousness could at least in part account for the disproportionately high rate of hypertension in black Americans — the highest prevalence of any group in the United States and one of the highest rates in the world.

Released: 13-Aug-2013 11:00 AM EDT
Newly Discovered ‘Switch’ Plays Dual Role In Memory Formation
Johns Hopkins Medicine

Researchers at Johns Hopkins have uncovered a protein switch that can either increase or decrease memory-building activity in brain cells, depending on the signals it detects. Its dual role means the protein is key to understanding the complex network of signals that shapes our brain’s circuitry, the researchers say.

7-Aug-2013 2:30 PM EDT
Mediterranean Diet Counteracts a Genetic Risk of Stroke, Study Reports
Tufts University

A gene variant strongly associated with development of type 2 diabetes appears to interact with a Mediterranean diet pattern to prevent stroke, report researchers from Tufts University and from Spain. The results are a significant advance for nutrigenomics, the study of the linkages between nutrition and gene function.

8-Aug-2013 1:45 PM EDT
Inducing and Augmenting Labor May Be Associated with Increased Risk of Autism
Duke Health

Pregnant women whose labors are induced or augmented may have an increased risk of bearing children with autism, especially if the baby is male, according to a large, retrospective analysis by researchers at Duke Medicine and the University of Michigan.

Released: 12-Aug-2013 12:20 PM EDT
Perception of Fertility Affects Quality of Life in Young, Female Cancer Survivors
University of Colorado Cancer Center

A recently published CU Cancer Center study shows that beyond the fact of fertility, a young woman's perception of fertility based on regular menstrual cycles after cancer treatment affects her quality of life long after treatment ends.

Released: 12-Aug-2013 8:00 AM EDT
Rutgers Cancer Institute Explores Activation of Cell Function Regulator in Breast Cancer
Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey

The New Jersey Commission on Cancer Research (NJCCR) has awarded Janice Thomas, PhD, a post-doctoral fellow in the X.F. Steven Zheng laboratory at Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey a two-year $100,000 grant (#DFHS13PPCO32) to further examine the impact of a protein ‘trigger’ involved in the regulation of cell function in breast cancer.

8-Aug-2013 12:00 PM EDT
Newly Identified Genetic Factors Drive Severe Childhood Epilepsies
Duke Health

Researchers have identified two new genes and implicated 25 distinct mutations in serious forms of epilepsy, suggesting a new direction for developing tailored treatments of the neurological disorders. The findings by an international research collaboration, which includes investigators from Duke Medicine, appear Aug. 11 in the journal Nature.

8-Aug-2013 9:00 PM EDT
Device Captures Signatures & Fingerprints with Tiny LEDs
Georgia Institute of Technology

Georgia Tech researchers want to put your signature up in lights. Using thousands of nanometer-scale wires, the researchers have developed a sensor device that converts mechanical pressure – from a signature or a fingerprint – directly into light signals that can be captured and processed optically.

Released: 10-Aug-2013 10:00 AM EDT
Nanodrug Targeting Breast Cancer Cells From the Inside Adds Weapon: Immune System Attack
Cedars-Sinai

A unique nanoscale drug that can carry a variety of weapons and sneak into cancer cells to break them down from the inside has a new component: a protein that stimulates the immune system to attack HER2-positive breast cancer cells.

Released: 8-Aug-2013 11:00 AM EDT
Scripps Florida Team Awarded $10.6 Million to Decipher Root Causes of Human Aging
Scripps Research Institute

Professor Paul Robbins, of The Scripps Research Institute, will be principal investigator of the new five-year study, which will focus on identifying just how damage that accumulates over time drives the human aging process. Scientists from the University of Pittsburgh and the University of California, Riverside, will also participate in the study.

   
Released: 8-Aug-2013 7:00 AM EDT
NYU College of Nursing Receives a $1.5M Nurse Education, Practice, Quality and Retention (NEPQR) Grant from HRSA
New York University

“The Collaborative, Continuous Care (3C’s) Model” project reflects a practice/education partnership between the Hartford Institute for Geriatric Nursing, the NYU College of Nursing, the NYU Silver School of Social Work, the Touro College of Pharmacy, and the Visiting Nurse Service of New York.

Released: 8-Aug-2013 7:00 AM EDT
NYU College of Nursing’s Dr. Tara Cortes, PhD, RN, FAAN, Receives a $1.1M Advanced Nursing Education (ANE) Grant from HRSA
New York University

This innovative initiative will foster communication and collaboration between physicians and nurse practitioners with a focus on transitional care handoffs of patients with multiple chronic conditions.

6-Aug-2013 5:00 AM EDT
Scientists Identify Key Protein That Modulates Organismal Aging
Sanford Burnham Prebys

Scientists at Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute have identified a key factor that regulates the autophagy process, a kind of cleansing mechanism for cells in which waste material and cellular debris is gobbled up to protect cells from damage, and in turn, modulates aging.

   
5-Aug-2013 4:00 PM EDT
Study Suggests Pattern in Lung Cancer Pathology May Predict Cancer Recurrence after Surgery
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

A new study by thoracic surgeons and pathologists at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center shows that a specific pattern found in the tumor pathology of some lung cancer patients is a strong predictor of recurrence. Knowing that this feature exists in a tumor's pathology could be an important factor doctors use to guide cancer treatment decisions.

5-Aug-2013 11:00 AM EDT
A 'Rocking' Receptor: Crucial Brain-Signaling Molecule Requires Coordinated Motion to Turn On
Johns Hopkins Medicine

Full activation of a protein ensemble essential for communication between nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord requires the rocking motion of some of the ensemble’s segments. The ensemble is known to be defective in neurological disorders like epilepsy and Parkinson's so this insight has important implications.

Released: 6-Aug-2013 4:15 PM EDT
School of Medicine Researchers Enrolling Patients to Evaluate Long-Term Benefits, Risks of Common Diabetes Drugs
University of Maryland Medical Center

Researchers at the University of Maryland School of Medicine are enrolling patients with type 2 diabetes into an NIH-funded clinical trial to evaluate the long-term benefits and risks of four widely used diabetes drugs in combination with metformin, the most common first-line medication.

2-Aug-2013 11:00 AM EDT
Noninvasive Test Optimizes Colon Cancer Screening Rates, UTSW Study Finds
UT Southwestern Medical Center

A study of nearly 6,000 North Texas patients suggests sweeping changes be made to the standard of care strategy for colorectal screenings, finding that participation rates soared depending on the screening method offered and how patient outreach was done.

Released: 1-Aug-2013 2:45 PM EDT
Blocking Key Enzyme in Cancer Cells Could Lead to New Therapy
University of Illinois Chicago

Researchers from the University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine have identified a characteristic unique to cancer cells in an animal model of cancer -- and they believe it could be exploited as a target to develop new treatment strategies.

1-Aug-2013 8:00 AM EDT
The When and Where of the Y: Research on Y Chromosomes Uncovers New Clues About Human Ancestry
Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan

Using advanced analysis of DNA from Y chromosomes from men all over the world, scientists have shed new light on the mystery of when and how a few early human ancestors started to give rise to the incredible diversity of today’s population.

31-Jul-2013 4:00 PM EDT
New Insight Into How Brain ‘Learns’ Cocaine Addiction
Johns Hopkins Medicine

A team of researchers says it has solved the longstanding puzzle of why a key protein linked to learning is also needed to become addicted to cocaine. Results of the study, published in the Aug. 1 issue of the journal Cell, describe how the learning-related protein works with other proteins to forge new pathways in the brain in response to a drug-induced rush of the “pleasure” molecule dopamine. By adding important detail to the process of addiction, the researchers, led by a group at Johns Hopkins, say the work may point the way to new treatments.

30-Jul-2013 9:00 AM EDT
Ultrasound Patch Heals Venous Ulcers in Human Trial
National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering

Researchers administered a new method for treating chronic wounds using a novel ultrasound applicator that can be worn like a band-aid. The applicator delivers low-frequency, low-intensity ultrasound directly to wounds, and was found to significantly accelerate healing in five patients with venous ulcers.

Released: 1-Aug-2013 8:30 AM EDT
Study Reveals Target for Drug Development for Chronic Jaw Pain Disorder
Duke Health

In a study in mice, researchers at Duke Medicine identified a protein that is critical to temporomandibular joint disorder pain, and could be a promising target for developing treatments for the disorder.

31-Jul-2013 12:30 PM EDT
For Lung Transplant, Researchers Surprised to Learn Bigger Appears to Be Better
Johns Hopkins Medicine

Transplant teams have long tried to match the size of donor lungs to the size of the recipient as closely as possible, concerned that lungs of the wrong size could lead to poor lung function and poor outcomes. But new Johns Hopkins-led research suggests that oversized donor lungs may instead be the best option for patients, finding they are associated with a 30 percent increased chance of survival one year after the operation.

Released: 30-Jul-2013 7:00 AM EDT
Engineering at the Atomic Scale
Wake Forest University

Could a substance that resembles baby powder curb global carbon emissions? Wake Forest University researchers believe so, and a new Department of Energy (DOE) grant worth more than $1 million will enable them and collaborators at the University of Texas at Dallas to design a novel material that could help revolutionize green engineering.

26-Jul-2013 8:05 AM EDT
Study Suggests Worsening Trends In Back Pain Management
Beth Israel Lahey Health

Patient care could be enhanced and the health care system could see significant cost savings if health care professionals followed published clinical guidelines to manage and treat back pain, according to researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and published in the July 29 issue of JAMA Internal Medicine.

Released: 29-Jul-2013 3:20 PM EDT
Mini-Monsters of the Forest Floor
University of Utah

A University of Utah biologist has identified 33 new species of predatory ants in Central America and the Caribbean, and named about a third of the tiny but monstrous-looking insects after ancient Mayan lords and demons.

Released: 29-Jul-2013 9:00 AM EDT
KU Autism Researchers Get $1.2 Million to Test iPad App to Help Children with Social Communication
University of Kansas, Life Span Institute

Autism researchers at the University of Kansas will test an iPad voice output app to help preschoolers with autism and their classmates communicate.

   
Released: 29-Jul-2013 9:00 AM EDT
Radiation Test Run Predicts Outcome of Lymphoma Treatment
National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering

A “test run” of radiation therapy in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma can show how much radiation is likely to be absorbed by a tumor during actual treatment. This information may help doctors to estimate the dose needed for effective treatment more precisely than currently used measures, such as a person’s height and weight.

Released: 25-Jul-2013 12:30 AM EDT
“Epilepsy in a Dish”: Stem Cell Research Reveals Clues to Disease’s Origins & May Aid Search for Better Drugs
Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan

A new stem cell-based approach to studying epilepsy has yielded a surprising discovery about what causes one form of the disease, and may help in the search for better medicines to treat all kinds of seizure disorders.

Released: 24-Jul-2013 2:55 PM EDT
More Central Line Infections Seen in Children with Cancer Once They Leave the Hospital
Johns Hopkins Medicine

Pediatric cancer patients whose central lines are used to treat them at home develop three times as many dangerous bloodstream infections from their devices than their hospitalized counterparts, according to the results of a new Johns Hopkins Children’s Center study.

Released: 22-Jul-2013 9:00 AM EDT
Researchers Put Squeeze on Cells to Deliver
National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering

A rapid and highly efficient system for transferring large molecules, nanoparticles, and other agents into living cells opens new avenues for disease research and treatment.

Released: 22-Jul-2013 8:00 AM EDT
Study Lays Groundwork for Norovirus Anti-Viral Treatments
Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan

There's no vaccine to prevent norovirus, or drugs to treat the pesky virus that sickens millions each year and is known to complicate cruise ship vacations. But a first ever small animal model developed at the University of Michigan Medical School provides a new tool for future drug studies.

18-Jul-2013 10:00 AM EDT
Sex Chromosome Shocker: The “Female” X a Key Contributor to Sperm Production
Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research

Painstaking new analysis of the genetic sequence of the X chromosome—long perceived as the “female” counterpart to the male-associated Y chromosome—reveals that large portions of the X have evolved to play a specialized role in sperm production.

   
Released: 18-Jul-2013 11:00 AM EDT
Researchers Report a Complete Description of Gene Expression in the Human Retina
Massachusetts Eye and Ear

Investigators at Massachusetts Eye and Ear have published the most thorough description of gene expression in the human retina reported to date.

Released: 18-Jul-2013 9:00 AM EDT
Biochemical Mapping Helps Explain Who Will Respond to Antidepressants
Duke Health

Duke Medicine researchers have identified biochemical changes in people taking antidepressants – but only in those whose depression improves. These changes occur in a neurotransmitter pathway that is connected to the pineal gland, the part of the endocrine system that controls the sleep cycle, suggesting an added link between sleep, depression and treatment outcomes.

Released: 16-Jul-2013 3:00 PM EDT
Researchers Step Closer to Custom-Building New Blood Vessels
Johns Hopkins Medicine

Researchers at Johns Hopkins have coaxed stem cells into forming networks of new blood vessels in the laboratory, then successfully transplanted them into mice. The stem cells are made by reprogramming ordinary cells, so the new technique could potentially be used to make blood vessels genetically matched to individual patients and unlikely to be rejected by their immune systems, the investigators say.

Released: 16-Jul-2013 2:20 PM EDT
MS Drug Shows Promise for Preventing Heart Failure
University of Illinois Chicago

A drug already approved to treat multiple sclerosis may also hold promise for treating cardiac hypertrophy, or thickening of the cardiac muscle--a disorder that often leads to heart failure, researchers at the University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine report.

Released: 16-Jul-2013 2:00 PM EDT
Pocket-Sized Drug Test Could Quickly Identify Abusers
Houston Methodist

NIDA has agreed to award $2.1 million to Lidong Qin, Ph.D., and Ping Wang, Ph.D., of the Houston Methodist Research Institute to develop a pocket-sized drug test for use in health care settings.

Released: 16-Jul-2013 10:00 AM EDT
People with Pre-Diabetes Who Drop Substantial Weight May Ward Off Type 2 Diabetes
Johns Hopkins Medicine

People with pre-diabetes who lose roughly 10 percent of their body weight within six months of diagnosis dramatically reduce their risk of developing type 2 diabetes over the next three years, according to results of research led by Johns Hopkins scientists.



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