Feature Channels: Public Health

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The American Thoracic Society (ATS) joins the World Health Organization in calling for robust global political commitments, including funding, to halt the TB pandemic, following the release of the WHO Global Tuberculosis Report 2018 today. This important report describes in detail the global morbidity and mortality burden of TB and provides critical context for the first-ever United Nations High Level Meeting on Tuberculosis on Sept 26, 2018.

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A new $18 million grant to Penn Medicine researchers will allow them to take aim at the effects of tobacco marketing. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and National Institutes of Health (NIH) have renewed their commitment to the Tobacco Centers of Regulatory Science (TCORS) program and awarded a second cohort (TCORS 2.0) of centers.

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Healthy red blood cells are round, but for those with sickle cell disease, the red blood cells become sticky and hard because of an abnormal amount of protein in the blood. The red blood cells form the shape of a sickle, or crescent.

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Value in Health, the official journal of ISPOR (the professional society for health economics and outcomes research), announced the publication of a series of articles that tackle the challenges associated with assessing the value of next-generation sequencing technologies in clinical care.

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Value in Health, the official journal of ISPOR (the professional society for health economics and outcomes research), announced today the publication of a study providing detailed information on factors determining the adoption of new technologies from clinicians’ points of view.

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A new study from the University of Iowa finds that type 2 diabetes is overwhelmingly the most common type of diabetes diagnosed in American adults who have the disease. The study found that among Americans who are diagnosed with diabetes, 91.2 percent have type 2 and 5.6 percent have type 1.

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UT Southwestern researchers today report the first use of CRISPR genome-wide screening to identify a gene that helps cells resist flavivirus infection.

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The Journal of the American Medical Association published an article by University of Illinois at Chicago epidemiologist S. Jay Olshansky on the need for researchers and clinicians to focus less on prolonging lifespan and more on prolonging "healthspan."

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The same mutation that gives TB bacteria resistance to the antibiotic rifampicin also elicits a different – and potentially weaker – immune response.

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Taking a low-dose aspirin daily does not prolong healthy living in older adults, according to findings from the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) trial published online Sept. 16 in three papers in The New England Journal of Medicine.

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New research shows that the body’s own microbes are effective in maintaining immune cells and killing certain oral infections.

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Infectious disease experts at Rutgers University explain this year’s flu season and how you can stay healthy

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We stand by the science underlying our study which found there were an estimated 2,975 excess deaths in Puerto Rico after Hurricane Maria.

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Each day in the United States, 123 people take their own lives. For each of those deaths, at least 25 more people attempt suicide. The statistics from the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention support Dr. Ahmad Hameed’s opinion that suicide has become a public health crisis.

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Medicaid expansion under the Affordable Care Act does not appear to reduce disparities in use of regionalized surgical care among vulnerable persons.

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To protect the public from harmful products, legal action can be used against industries, one example of which—a settlement with the tobacco industry—offers useful lessons for confronting several of today’s public health epidemics.

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Two new studies by scientists at Scripps Research are bringing Ebola virus’s weaknesses into the spotlight, showing for the first time exactly how human and mouse antibodies can bind to the virus and stop infection—not only for Ebola virus, but for other closely related pathogens as well.

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Researchers at the University of California San Diego say they have dramatically advanced the science of biometric identification, creating a novel technology that can capture the fingerprints of infants and children, even on the first day of birth.

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The Global Consortium on Climate and Health Education (GCCHE) unveils an online knowledge bank with resources for educators on the health impacts of climate change. The announcement is timed for the Global Climate and Health Forum held in affiliation with the Global Climate Action Summit in San Francisco, September 12–14, 2018.

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Potential to speed vaccine response to emerging infectious diseases

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As the U.S. Eastern seaboard braces for Hurricane Florence, a category 4 hurricane that could potentially impact several states including Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina and Virginia between Thursday and Friday, the diabetes community is rallying to make sure that people living with diabetes—especially those who depend upon insulin—are fully supported. The Diabetes Disaster Response Coalition (DDRC), which is comprised of the Endocrine Society and other leading diabetes organizations, is urging all people with diabetes and their loved ones to prepare for Hurricane Florence by putting together a diabetes kit and making a plan to stay healthy and safe during the storm and in its aftermath.

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Macrophages are immune cells that are supposed to protect the body from infection by viruses and bacteria. Yet Zika virus preferentially infects these cells. Researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine have now unraveled how the virus shuts down the genes that make macrophages function as immune cells.

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The Immune Deficiency Foundation (IDF), the national patient organization for people with primary immunodeficiency diseases (PI), recently announced they will be awarded a $4 million grant from the U.S. Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA)

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A global program that addresses the reproductive health needs of people living in poor urban communities—The Challenge Initiative—has been awarded a $20.5-million supplemental grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. The award will allow the Initiative to focus more on adolescent and youth sexual and reproductive health issues. The grant from the Gates Foundation includes funds from Gates Philanthropy Partners.

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The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has awarded New York University nearly $66 million over the next five years to study how exposure to environmental factors influences children’s health. This new funding is an extension of a previous award of nearly $15 million over the last two years from an NIH initiative called Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO), which investigates how a range of environmental factors in early development – from conception through early childhood – affects the health and development of children and adolescents.

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The 2018 joint annual meeting of the Association of American Cancer Institutes and the Cancer Center Administrators Forum, September 30 – October 2, will highlight perspectives on the future of cancer research and care, and the latest on CAR T-cell therapy, Big Data management, and international partnerships.

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A new study at Columbia found that changes in life expectancy may have influenced voting choices in the 2016 presidential election, with Republicans making gains in counties that had 2.5 times more deaths from suicide, alcohol, and overdose.

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Hackensack Meridian Health Southern Ocean Medical Center provides the most advanced technology to clean hospital rooms and better protect patients against infections.

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A relatively simple effort to provide counseling and connect injection-drug users with resources could prove powerful against the spread of HIV in a notoriously hard-to-reach population, new research suggests.

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Researchers are reporting the protein/protein interactome of Zika virus and its human host cells with a proteomic approach that gives unprecedented insight into membrane-bound protein interactions. The data reveal a new role for a familiar organelle in viral replication.

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Antar Jutla, associate professor of civil and environmental engineering at West Virginia University, is part of a British-led humanitarian team that is working to predict and prevent a major outbreak of cholera in war-torn Yemen.

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The University of Illinois at Chicago has been awarded $7 million in funding from the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) to develop programs to prevent depression among teens.

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A new study published in the Lancet journal EClinical Medicine suggests that more mosquito nets are likely needed between mass campaigns to keep malaria cases in check.

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When disaster strikes, our local supply chains are among the first to respond. Supply chain operators provide relief by securing access to critical goods and utilities like food, medicine and electricity.

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Rutgers researcher weighs the risks and benefits of electronic cigarettes and how perception fuels their use

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Study by Rutgers Physician Finds Medicaid Eligibility Expansion May Have Contributed to Decrease

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In this issue, find research on school shootings and long gun age restrictions, Russian anti-vaccine trolls, smoke-free colleges and more.

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People are falling into a trap of greater inactivity during middle age, according to new research from The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), which calls for its findings to be considered in future national physical activity guidelines.

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Value in Health, the official journal of ISPOR (the professional society for health economics and outcomes research), announced today the publication of a scoping review of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Pilot Clinical Outcome Assessment Compendium.

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The 1918 “Spanish Flu” was one of the most devastating pandemics in human history, killing 50-100 million people.

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The genome sequences of ape parasites related to Plasmodium vivax, the main source of mosquito-borne malaria outside Africa, provide insights on the origin and early evolution of the human parasite. This finding could have implications for better comprehending and eradicating malaria infection worldwide.

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In a pair of new modeling studies, researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine, with international colleagues, examined how policy reform in terms of drug decriminalization (in Mexico) and access to drug treatment (in Russia) might affect two regions hard hit by the HIV pandemic: Tijuana, Mexico and the Russian cities of Omsk and Ekaterinburg.

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A study led by Indiana University suggests that computer models used to predict the spread of epidemics from climate change -- such as crop blights or disease outbreaks -- may not take into account an important factor in predicting their severity.

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Four years after their publication by the Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology (ONC), voluntary guidelines designed to increase the safety of e-health records have yet to be implemented fully, according to a survey led by a researcher at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth). Findings appeared recently in the Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association.

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Single mothers work more when the government provides better health insurance, according to economic policy research.