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HIV/AIDS statistics are driving the work of researchers and healthcare workers attending the 2000 National Conference on African-Americans and AIDS, Feb. 23-25.

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Evidence for a credible animal version of Down syndrome mounted today with Johns Hopkins scientists verifying the syndrome's signature skull and facial deformities in a genetically modified mouse (Developmental Dynamics, 1-00).

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Johns Hopkins scientists report a new way of monitoring brain damage that could significantly increase the number of stroke patients eligible for -- and helped by -- clot-breaking treatments.

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In the 2-10-00 Science, Johns Hopkins researchers identify a protein that accumulates toward the front end of a cell and helps cells "sense" their way to a target.

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A natural chemical substance the eye calls for when it lacks oxygen is responsible for the blinding blood vessel growth that plagues patients with diabetic retinopathy, report Johns Hopkins and CIBA Vision Corp. researchers (American Journal of Pathology, 2-00).

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Half of the baby boomers, who are now approaching the Medicare years, have been divorced, and researchers at Johns Hopkins have found that elderly people with divorce in their lives will get less care from their children than people who do not (Demography, 1999).

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Researchers at Johns Hopkins think they may have identified both the nervous system mechanism linked to Huntington's disease tremors and jerky movements and the part of the brain causing them (Nature, 2-3-00).

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An important link between getting specific bacterial infections and developing autoimmune diseases such as arthritis has been uncovered by Johns Hopkins scientists (Nature Medicine, 2-00).

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The first known case of tuberculosis transmitted from a cadaver to an embalmer is reported by Johns Hopkins researchers in the Jan. 27 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.

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Johns Hopkins and Queen's University in Ontario scientists have shown that a small molecular glitch is responsible for the sudden heart failure that strikes after open heart surgery and that costs an estimated $10 billion in post-operative medical care every year (see this week's Science).

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Standard medical exams performed before cataract surgery do not measurably improve outcomes or reduce deaths or complications from the surgery, according to a Johns Hopkins-led study (New England Journal of Medicine, 1-20-00).

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Patients who get through a major operation that removes the head of the pancreas, part of the small intestine and part of the bile ducts report a surprisingly high quality of life, a Johns Hopkins study shows.

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In a study reported in the January issue of Urology, Johns Hopkins researchers conclude that when patients seek out a surgeon highly experienced in prostate cancer surgery, they are more likely to remain continent and potent than if their operations were done by a less experienced doctor.

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In a study reported in the January issue of Urology, Johns Hopkins researchers conclude that videotaping can help doctors improve the outcome of prostate surgeries.

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Ten percent of HIV-infected individuals taking antiretroviral drugs experience liver toxicity at a level high enough to warrant stopping treatment, according to a study by Johns Hopkins researchers in the Jan. 5 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

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Bringing to mind a favorite sexual fantasy may be a good way to lessen pain, according to a recent study of college students by researchers at Johns Hopkins and the University of Wisconsin.

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A Johns Hopkins study of more than 200 low-income African American women suggests that their low use rate of potentially heart and life-saving hormone replacement therapy after menopause is closely linked to their health care providers' failure to bring up the subject.

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Misuse of asthma drugs among people with good health insurance is more prevalent than previously thought, according to a new study by Johns Hopkins researchers.

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Scientists at Johns Hopkins have discovered striking differences between men and women in a part of the brain linked with ability to estimate time, judge speed, visualize things three-dimensionally and solve mathematical problems.

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Minimally invasive outpatient surgery to remove tumors of the parathyroid glands is safe for most patients and far more cost-effective than traditional open surgery, a Johns Hopkins study shows.

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A study of more than 6,000 patients by Johns Hopkins researchers found that one or two out of every 100 people who come to larger medical centers for treatment following a biopsy arrive with a diagnosis that's "totally wrong." The results suggest that second opinion pathology exams not only prevent errors, but also save lives and money.

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Personalized care and attention given by a research team can lower high blood pressure significantly in urban black men, researchers at Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing report.

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1- women's weight, race determine if hormone replacement therapy is beneficial, 2- African-Americans' exercise patterns could indicate heart disease, 3- new uses for MRI provide clear view of plaques in the aorta, blood flow through the arms.

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Johns Hopkins scientists have identified a new and unusual nerve transmitter in the brain, one that overturns certain long-cherished laws about how nerve cells behave.

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Johns Hopkins cancer researchers report the successful use of human gene therapy to activate the human immune system against metastatic prostate cancer. The achievement, believed to be a first, could have implications in the treatment of many kinds of cancer. The study results are published in the October 15, 1999 issue of Cancer Research.

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A combined treatment of a light-sensitive medication and a laser light beamed into the eye appears to reduce the risk of vision loss in some patients with age-related macular degeneration, according to a Johns Hopkins-led study of more than 600 patients at 22 medical centers in North America and Europe.

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A chemical ranked with the second-string players in the world's continuing contest with malaria has reappeared as a new drug, apparently capable of preventing the disease. Paired with an older, standard drug, it provides protection with an unusually small risk of drug resistance.

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1- Time of year; increased aggressiveness from stinging insects; 2- Medicine from the fingertips -- massage therapy can help premature babies gain weight.

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An age-related drop in estrogen may not be the only reason heart disease in women sharply increases after menopause, a new study by Johns Hopkins researchers suggests. A large-scale genetic event that quietly blocks arteries' ability to respond to estrogen may also be at work.

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African-American patients rate their doctor visits as significantly "less participatory" than do whites, according to a Johns Hopkins-led study reported in the Aug. 11 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

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Tips From the Department of Emergency Medicine at Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions: 1) 1 in 10 Children Treated for Trauma Tests Positive for Alcohol, Drugs; 2) You Can Prevent In-flight Medical Emergencies; 3) Myths and Realities on Life in the Emergency Department

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Medical News Tips For Summer: 1) Prevent Back Injury While Traveling; 2) Bee and Wasp Stings Can Be Dangerous Even If You're Not Allergic; 3) Infants Require Special Treatment for Heat Exhaustion; 4) Nutritionist Caters Meals to Children's Needs

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Researchers at Johns Hopkins and the National Institute on Drug Abuse report that much of human sensitivity to pain -- and the varied response people have to opiate pain medicines -- has a genetic basis. Many of the differences in pain perception by both mouse and human, the scientists say, are likely due to variation in a single key gene.

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A natural compound found to be extraordinarily potent in protecting nerves from harm in a lab model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) will likely usher in a new drug "cocktail" approach to the disease, Johns Hopkins scientists reported in the July 1, 1999 Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology.

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Cancer scientists at the Johns Hopkins Oncology Center have figured out a way to keep the body's cancer-fighting immune cells awake and responsive to tumor cells far longer than they normally do.

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For years, physicians have avoided red meat when designing heart-healthy diets for their patients. Turns out that's a bum steer, according to a study published in the June 28 issue of the Archives of Internal Medicine.

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A handful of complicated, high-risk gastrointestinal surgeries are safer and easier on patients -- and pocketbooks -- when performed at medical centers that do the most of them, according to results of a Johns Hopkins study published in the July 1999 issue of the Journal of the American College of Surgeons.

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In an advance that promises to speed development of new drugs for cystic fibrosis, Johns Hopkins biochemists have discovered what goes awry inside the cells of CF patients at the most basic level.

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In this month's Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, scientists at Johns Hopkins and the National Institutes of Health describe an important piece in the puzzle of what can go wrong in nerve-damaging disorders such as multiple sclerosis and Guillian-Barre syndrome.

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A Johns Hopkins study of women who had coronary bypass surgery found that a year later, a majority of them continued to have the same significant risk factors that brought them to the operating room in the first place.

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A combined hormone therapy of estrogen and androgen may improve body composition in postmenopausal women, according to results of a Johns Hopkins study to be presented at 1 p.m., June 12, at ENDO 99, the 81st annual meeting of The Endocrine Society in San Diego.

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Swelling HIV infection rates continue driving a tuberculosis epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa, and world health policy makers need to better account for the intertwining of the two diseases, Johns Hopkins researchers report.

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Scientists at Johns Hopkins and Novartis Ltd. Pharmaceuticals, in partnership with Novartis' CIBA Vision eye care unit, have identified a drug that completely stops the growth of abnormal blood vessels on or beneath the retinas of laboratory mice.

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Patients are far more likely to survive a heart attack if they are admitted directly to a high-volume hospital rather than a smaller one, according to a study of nearly 100,000 patients by researchers at Johns Hopkins.

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The Johns Hopkins Oncology Center will be one of 450 centers chosen to take part in what is being billed as the world's largest and most definitive trial of drugs to prevent breast cancer.

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This tip sheet highlights research news from Johns Hopkins that are either the subject of presentations or ongoing issues that provide context for presentations at the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

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A new study from Johns Hopkins Children's Center may encourage physicians to spare people the discomfort of a skin test to confirm a fairly common diagnosis allergy to cats.

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George Lundberg, M.D., embattled former editor of the Journal of the American Medical Association and recently named editor-in-chief of Medscape, a leading Internet site for health and medical information, is the commencement speaker for Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine May 27, 1999.

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Blood test results from hayfever victims testing an experimental anti-allergy drug have led investigators at the Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center to discovery of an essential immune system feedback loop that appears to be a basic mechanism driving all allergies.

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In the largest and longest study of its kind, urologists at Johns Hopkins have developed a simple method for assessing the risk men have for developing deadly metastatic prostate cancer after prostate removal.