Use of serological tests in India resulted in more years of healthy life lost to premature death and illness, more secondary infections, and more false-positive diagnoses of TB, compared to the use of microscopic sputum smear analysis or culture.
Researchers found non-psychiatrist providers prescribing increasing number of antidepressants to individuals with no psychiatric diagnosis.
News source may play a role in determining what you perceive as the best strategy for addressing childhood obesity.
Researchers found that artificial infection with different Wolbachia bacteria strains can significantly reduce levels of the human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, in the mosquito, Anopheles gambiae. The investigators also determined that one of the Wolbachia strains rapidly killed the mosquito after it fed on blood. According to the researchers, Wolbachia could potentially be used as part of a strategy to control malaria if stable infections can be established in Anopheles.
Just how many germs are you spreading with a handshake?
Researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health have identified a bacterium in field-caught mosquitoes that, when present, stops the development of Plasmodium falciparum, the parasite that causes malaria in humans. According to the study, the Enterobacter bacterium is part of the naturally occurring microbial flora of the mosquito’s gut and kills the parasite by producing reactive oxygen species (or free radical molecules).
Global climate change is anticipated to bring more extreme weather phenomena such as heat waves that could impact human health in the coming decades. An analysis led by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health calculated that the city of Chicago could experience between 166 and 2,217 excess deaths per year attributable to heat waves using three different climate change scenarios for the final decades of the 21st century.
National Health and Aging Trends Study will begin enrolling participants to examine how current and future aging populations can lead fuller, healthier lives.
Researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health have developed a non-steroid based strategy for improving the lung’s innate immune defense and decreasing inflammation that can be a problem for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In a study, researchers targeted the Nrf2 pathway using sulforaphane, an ingredient that is present in broccoli in a precursor form, to enhance the Nrf2 pathway in the lung that mediates the uptake of bacteria.
The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health has awarded NBA legend Dikembe Mutombo the Goodermote Humanitarian Award for his efforts to reduce polio globally as well as his work improving the health of neglected and underserved populations in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health has been awarded funding by the Indo-U.S. Science & Technology Forum (IUSSTF) to establish the first joint center to study chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other lung diseases in nonsmokers living in rural India.
Older people who receive Guided Care, a new form of primary care, use fewer expensive health services compared to older people who receive regular primary care.
The Roger C. Lipitz Center for Integrated Health Care at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health is offering free technical assistance to help primary care practices and health care organizations, including accountable care organizations (ACOs), improve the quality and outcomes of health care for older adults with chronic illnesses.
A team of researchers from the United States and Europe has identified a single genetic mutation in the CUBN gene that is associated with albuminuria both with and without diabetes. Albuminuria is a condition caused by the leaking of the protein albumin into the urine, which is an indication of kidney disease.
Black obese patients receive less weight-related counseling than white obese patients.
Prenatal iron-folic acid supplementation increased offspring intellectual and motor functioning.
Children exposed to Jalan Sesama, an Indonesian version of the children’s television show Sesame Street, had improved educational skills and healthy development, according to a study by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Over a 14-week period, the children who had the greatest exposure to Jalan Sesama improved significantly in literacy, mathematics, early cognitive skills, safety knowledge and social awareness, compared to those with no or low exposure to the program.
Parents are often believed to have a strong influence on children’s eating behaviors however, findings on parent-child resemblance in dietary intakes are mixed.
A new study by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Center for Injury Research and Policy finds that youth generally perceive community street outreach workers positively, regardless of whether they have personally worked with one. This study, available online in advance of publication in the Journal of Community Health, is the first peer-reviewed study to include the perceptions of youth who are not former or current clients of community street workers.
A new study by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health examines the burden of HIV and sexually transmitted disease among male clients of the commercial sex industry in China’s Sichuan province. Since 2007, heterosexual transmission has replaced injecting drug use as the primary transmission mode of all HIV infections in China.
Researchers call for key improvements to primary care in order to improve the health of the nations’ most costly patients—older adults with multiple chronic conditions based on evaluation of studies of new primary care models to determine the best way to improve care and outcomes for the more than 10 million older adults living with four or more chronic conditions.
The new WHO Collaborating Center for Injuries, Violence and Accident Prevention is only the third collaborating center in the United States to focus on injury prevention and joins a network of more than 800 WHO Collaborating Centers in more than 80 countries.
All-Terrain Vehicles (ATVs) are associated with a significant and increasing number of hospitalizations for children in the U.S., according to a new report by the Center for Injury Research and Policy at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Over a nine- year period (1997-2006) hospitalizations for ATV injuries increased 150 percent among youth younger than 18 years, with important demographic variations.
The Center for Injury Research and Policy at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health was awarded $38.6 million by the Peer Reviewed Orthopaedic Research Program (PRORP) of the U.S. Department of Defense to expand its Major Extremity Trauma Research Consortium (METRC). The Consortium, which was established in September 2009 with an award of $18 million from DOD, conducts multi-center studies relevant to the treatment and outcomes of major orthopedic injuries sustained on the battlefield.
While the U.S. has made great progress in the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis, the nation has become more susceptible to potential epidemics of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), according a study led by Johns Hopkins researchers. Computer simulations show that as TB prevalence falls, the risk for more extensive MDR-TB increases. In addition, the simulation also showed that higher detection of TB cases without proper treatment of cases also increased risk.
Researchers from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health have developed new software that greatly improves the speed at which scientists can analyze RNA sequencing data. The software, known as Myrna, uses “cloud computing,” an Internet-based method of sharing computer resources. Faster, cost-effective analysis of gene expression could be a valuable tool in understanding the genetic causes of disease.
Researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health reviewed published data to assess HIV-infected children’s immune responses to vaccines and found that most children treated with HAART remained susceptible to vaccine-preventable diseases, but responded well to revaccination.
A new study describes how using street outreach workers is an effective strategy to reach and engage youth with the goal of violence prevention and intervention. Street outreach workers are typically members of the community who intervene to prevent conflict and retaliation. While violence prevention programs utilizing street outreach workers , including CeaseFire in Chicago and Safe Streets in Baltimore, this is the first peer-reviewed study on a program to be published.
Overweight American children and adolescents have become fatter over the last decade, according to a news study that found adiposity shifts across socio-demographic groups over time and found U.S. children and adolescents had significantly increased adiposity measures such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and triceps skinfold thickness (TST). The increases in adiposity were more pronounced in some sex-ethnic groups such as black girls.
Trauma center care not only saves lives, it is a cost-effective way of treating major trauma, according to a new report. Although treatment at a trauma center is more expensive, the benefits of this approach in terms of lives saved and quality of life-years gained outweigh the costs. The study finds that the added cost of treatment at a trauma center versus nontrauma center is only $36,319 for every life-year gained or $790,931 per life saved.
Youth exposure to alcohol advertising in magazines declined by 48 percent between 2001 and 2008, according to a new study by the Center on Alcohol Marketing and Youth (CAMY) at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
Falls are the most common injury for both urban and rural elderly in China, responsible for more than two-thirds of all injuries in people 65 and older, according to a study by researchers from China and the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health’s Center for Injury Research and Policy. The study is the first to uncover the leading causes of non-fatal injuries among older adults in China.
A community-based maternal health delivery strategy known as the MOM Project (mobile obstetric medics) dramatically increased access to maternal health care services for internally displaced woman in eastern Burma, according to a new study.The researchers believe the MOM Project could be a model for maternal health care delivery in settings where resources are extremely limited.
Physicians who provided Guided Care, a primary care enhancement program for patients with multiple chronic conditions, reported higher levels of satisfaction with their patient/family communications and their knowledge of their patients’ clinical characteristics. The researchers found that Guided Care physicians were significantly more satisfied with patient/family communications than physicians who provide usual care. Guided Care physicians were also significantly more satisfied with their knowledge of their patients’ clinical characteristics.
Researchers from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health urge wider use of oral rehydration solution (ORS), zinc supplementation and rotavirus vaccine to reduce the deaths from diarrheal disease worldwide. Diarrheal disease kills approximately 1.5 million children under age 5 each year. The researchers’ findings and recommendations are published in the July 3 edition of The Lancet.
With limited access to formal education, can media intervention make a positive and significant impact on what these children learn?
A new study led by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health examines the content and messages presented by websites that appear to support or encourage eating disorders. These websites use images, text and interactive applications to further knowledge, attitudes and behaviors to achieve dangerously low body weights. The study is the largest and most rigorous analysis of pro-eating disorder websites.
Community-based model of directly observed therapy has no effect on virologic outcomes, but significantly improves HIV patient survival.
Sex Hormones and Immunity to Infection investigates the role biological sex plays in immune responses to infection and the possibility that males and females may differ in their responses to treatments.
From June 10 to 12 approximately 800 native youth from 25 American Indian tribes will converge on Santa Fe, New Mexico, to learn sports and life skills from more than 60 professional and collegiate athletes as part of the 14th Annual Native Vision Sports and Life Skills Camp. Players from the NFL and NBA will participate as well as athletes from soccer, lacrosse, volleyball and track.
Tests of kidney function and damage predict the risk of death from cardiovascular diseases and all causes.
Scientists at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health recently discovered a link between offspring lung function and maternal vitamin A supplementation.
Biological differences between the sexes could be a significant predictor of responses to vaccines.
The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health announced today that it has received a $100,000 Grand Challenges Explorations grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. The grant will support an innovative global health research project conducted by Jason Rasgon, PhD, an assistant professor with the Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, and his research to develop an evolution-proof pesticide for eliminating mosquitoes that transmit malaria to humans.
When analyzing obesity disparities among women, socioeconomic status and social context may be more important than race.
Leading physician policy experts are calling for changes in medical education policy at multiple levels to ensure that physicians are ready to treat the country’s growing older adult population.
An international consortium of scientists has identified two genes that when altered are closely associated with cleft lip and/or cleft palate. Cleft lip and cleft palate are among the world’s most common congenital malformations and occur in one in every 700 births. The study identified four different regions of the human genome likely to contain genes controlling risk for cleft lip and/or cleft palate.
A team of researchers from the United States and Europe has identified more than a dozen genes that may play a role in the etiology of common forms of kidney disease. They examined common variations in DNA sequences in more than 65,000 individuals of European descent. Common variations in several genes were found to be more frequent among people with poor kidney function or chronic kidney disease than in those with normal kidney function.
The new book, The Teen Years Explained: A Guide to Healthy Adolescent Development, dispels many common myths about adolescence with the latest scientific findings on the physical, emotional, cognitive, sexual and spiritual development of teens. Authors Clea McNeely and Jayne Blanchard from the Center for Adolescent Health at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, provide useful tips and strategies for real-life situations and experiences from bullying, to nutrition and sexuality.
The risk of dying from injuries is increasing for Americans ages 65 and older according to a new report from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health’s Center for Injury Research and Policy. The report found significant increases in death rates from falls (42 percent increase), machinery (46 percent increase), motorcycle crashes (145 percent increase) and unintentional poisoning (34 percent increase).
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