New findings show IV infusions of vitamin C can improve skeletal muscle fatigue in COPD patients, further implicating the role of oxidative stress in the skeletal muscle problems that accompany the disease.
Latest research provides new insight into mechanisms through which lower hormone levels may make the body more susceptible to damage caused by stress and the chronic elevation of the fight or flight response. A pattern consistent with these findings is observed in postmenopausal women.
Prolactin has an important function in the liver, but how important? Researchers, using an animal model, found the animals with extra prolactin had larger livers, regenerated their livers faster after partial removal, and were significantly more likely to survive liver surgery compared to animals that couldn’t process prolactin.
New findings suggest that maintaining a “healthy” weight isn’t as important for healthy cholesterol function as being active by regularly performing strength training. Study is published in the Journal of Applied Physiology.
A new study assesses the effects of extended “weekend” recovery sleep following “one workweek” of mild sleep restriction on sleepiness/alertness, inflammation and stress hormones. Article is published in the American Journal of Physiology – Endocrinology and Metabolism.
A new study suggests that the auditory cortex does more than just process sound. When study subjects were expecting a reward and received it, or weren’t expecting a reward and were right, this area lit up on brain scans. Study published in the Journal of Neurophysiology.
A new study confirms the lasting legacy of smoking. In the study, researchers exposed animal mothers to nicotine during pregnancy—a proxy for smoking—and found the grandchildren were also at an increased risk for asthma, despite the grandchildren never having been exposed to nicotine themselves.
The findings of a comprehensive review of the placebo phenomenon and its consequences for clinical medicine are contained in a new article by neuroscientist Fabrizio Benedetti. The Review article provides an in-depth biological and evolutionary approach to examining the placebo effect in relationship to the doctor-patient relationship.
New study provides evidence for the effects of carbon monoxide in pregnancy, and the role it might have in attenuating the signs of preeclampsia (PE). The study, conducted using an animal model, is published in the American Journal of Physiology–Regulatory, Integrative, and Comparative Physiology.
Bird diseases can have a vast impact on humans, so understanding their immune systems can be a benefit for people. An important element in the immune system of many animals is the protein TTP, which plays an anti-inflammatory role, yet researchers have been unable to find it in birds. New research suggests birds are an anomaly.
Eating the Western diet is a risk factor for erectile dysfunction and coronary artery disease. How can junk food lovers avoid these problems? Exercise may be the answer. Researchers used rats put on a “junk food” diet to test the effects of aerobic exercise and found that exercise effectively improved both erectile dysfunction and the function of vessels that supply blood to the heart.
Researchers have long been aware of a phenomenon in speech called coarticulation, in which certain sounds are produced differently depending on the sounds that come before or after them. A new study suggests that piano paying also involves coarticulation, with hand muscle contractions differing depending on the sequence of notes played.
We’ve known for well over a century that low blood oxygen causes altitude sickness. The origin of this idea has long been attributed to French researcher Paul Bert. But it’s really Bert’s benefactor, Denis Jourdanet, who deserves the credit, according to a new review article.
Why women tend to accumulate fat in the stereotypical “pear” shape, with more fat in the buttocks and thighs (a shape that’s thought to be healthier than men’s stereotypical “apple” shape, with more fat around the belly), is still unclear. A new study gathers clues to help understand the role of estrogen’s effects on fat.
The first American man in space had no place “to go,” and urinating in space was a tough problem for engineers to solve. A new article, “Forgotten Hardware: How to Urinate in a Spacesuit,” discusses the considerations necessary to accommodate this most basic physiological function.
American Physiological Society (APS) issues statement on NIH implementation of the recommendations of the IOM principles and criteria for chimpanzee research.
New flu strains prompt review of current research and a call to redouble the flu fight. Review article appears in online edition of American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology
Why is fish oil good for the heart? A new study suggests that this omega 3 fatty acid-rich nutrient could blunt some cardiovascular effects of mental stress.
The precise cause(s) of Parkinson's Disease is unknown, but there is consensus that an inflammatory event or episode is involved in the initiation of neurodegeneration. A study by Texas researchers has brought the understanding of inflammation's role a step further.
A fur trader who suffered an accidental gunshot wound in 1822 and the physician who saw this unfortunate incident as an opportunity for research are key to much of our early knowledge about the workings of the digestive system. Symposium, “William Beaumont: America’s First Physiologist and Pioneer of Gastrointestinal Research,” sponsored by American Physiological Society.
Researchers have long known that cancerous tumors grow collections of abnormal blood cells, the fuel that feeds this disease and keeps it growing. Now, new evidence in an animal model suggests that blood vessels in the fat tissue of obese individuals could provide the same purpose—and could provide the key to a new way for people to lose weight.
Researchers have tested the effects of partial sleep deprivation on blood vessels and breathing control and found that reducing sleep length over two consecutive nights leads to less healthy vascular function and impaired breathing control. The findings could help explain why sleep deprivation is associated with cardiovascular disease.
Up to 20 percent of veterans returning from Afghanistan and Iraq have experienced at least one blast concussion. A new study finds about 42% of screened veterans with blast injuries have irregular hormone levels indicative of hypopituitarism. Many conditions associated with hypopituitarism mimic other common problems that veterans can suffer, such as PTSD and depression.
Conventional knowledge suggests that to avoid acute mountain sickness (AMS), climbers need to “stage,” or set up camp, at a lower altitude for four days when summiting peaks as high as 4300 meters. A U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine team has found that two days of staging at a moderate altitude may be enough.
Johnathan D. Tune will present the American Physiological Society’s Henry Pickering Bowditch Award Lecture on April 21, 2013 during the Society’s 126th annual meeting. Dr. Tune is being recognized for his work on the mechanisms that connect obesity, diabetes, and heart disease. His lecture is entitled, “Translational Insight Into Regulation of Coronary Blood Flow."
Michael Joyner, M.D. will present the American Physiological Society’s Walter B. Cannon Award Lecture on April 20, 2013, during the Society’s 126th annual meeting. The Cannon Award is the Society’s pre-eminent award. The Mayo Clinic anesthesiologist will discuss physiology’s enduring relevancy.
Almost 4 million people die annually from household air pollution (HAP) caused by exposure to the combustion of biomass fuels, kerosene, or coal. A new article explains the need for studies into biomarkers of HAP exposure and predictors of respiratory disease.
APS has programmed some 2,700 scientific abstracts and dozens of symposia for the 2013 meeting. Highlights include: new experimental approaches to human brain function in health and disease; eating disorders; emerging concepts in understanding mechanisms of diabetes; the role of psychological stress and depression in determining cardiovascular disease risk using animal models; and a lecture by the co-winner of the 2004 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Laureate Linda Buck.
The American Physiological Society (APS) has announced the names of the 14 distinguished researchers being honored for their contributions to the field during the Society’s annual meeting, April 20-24, 2013 at the Boston Convention & Exhibition Center.
New study identifies why prazosin, a drug commonly used to reduce high blood pressure, may cause lightheadedness and possible fainting upon standing in patients with normal blood pressure who take the drug for other reasons, such as PTSD and anxiety.
The APS membership has elected new officers. David Pollock, Georgia Regents University, was elected President-Elect. John Chatham, University of Alabama School of Medicine, M. Harold Laughlin, University of Missouri-Columbia, and Marshall (Chip) Montrose, University of Cincinnati were elected to Council.
Study in the American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology addresses critical component of problem affecting infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).
New study finds that when balancing time commitments against health benefits, aerobics training is optimal for reducing fat- and body mass. Article published in December 2012 edition of the Journal of Applied Physiology.
Study led by researchers at Syracuse University offers insights into role of muscle weakness in Down syndrome.
The American Physiological Society, The Physiological Society, and Wiley announce partnership to publish new open access peer-reviewed journal, Physiological Reports, early next year. Journal will be first fully open access online-only journal for The American Physiological Society.
A diet enriched with arginine and proline could speed diabetes-related wound healing. Study results, using an animal model, are published in the American Journal of Physiology – Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology.
New study offers possible explanation for the association between sleep problems and obesity. Findings published in the American Journal of Physiology – Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
Nerve fibers, and the muscles they control, behave differently at different points along the menstrual cycle, potentially making women more vulnerable to knee injuries. Presentation is part of the Integrative Biology of Exercise VI meeting, co-sponsored by the American Physiological Society.
Sprint interval training could cut time exercising while controlling weight. Poster presentation is part of the Integrative Biology of Exercise VI meeting, co-sponsored by the American Physiological Society.
Small pilot study suggests that T cells become more responsive in exercising cancer survivors weeks after chemo ends. Poster presentation is part of the Integrative Biology of Exercise VI meeting, co-sponsored by the American Physiological Society.
Exercise helps attenuate the premature cardiovascular aging that type 2 diabetes can cause. Findings being discussed at the Integrative Biology of Exercise VI meeting, co-sponsored by the American Physiological Society.
American Physiological Society’s latest conference focuses on molecular mechanisms involved in exercise-mediated physiological changes in the body, including metabolic, cardiovascular, neurological, and dynamic molecular and cellular pathways. The “Integrative Biology of Exercise VI,” will be held Oct. 10-13, 2012.
A compound found in purple corn, a relative of the widely known blue corn, may help in developing therapies aimed at Type 2 diabetes and kidney disease.
The journal Physiological Genomics announces it will increase the scope of papers it accepts, to include contributions from the areas of genomics, systems biology, biomarkers, and emerging technologies.
Upcoming conference on the integrative biology of exercise explores potential mechanisms behind the health benefits of exercise and latest research incorporating exercise in personalized medicine.
American Physiological Society (APS) to receive $2.3 million in federal grants to be used to provide new opportunities aimed at bringing traditionally underrepresented groups into science, biomedical careers
Research published in the Journal of Applied Physiology has found that adolescents’ blood levels of various micronutrients are correlated with how well they performed in certain physical fitness tests. Though these results don’t prove causality, they suggest a new relationship between different measures of adolescent health.
Physiologists have identified the biological mechanism that could be responsible for cold feet, the bane of existence for singles and couples alike.
New article reviews dozens of studies on animal models of childhood obesity, suggesting that these models contribute knowledge impossible to attain from human research.
The American Physiological Society and The Physiological Society announce their partnership to publish a new open-access peer-reviewed journal – Physiological Reports.
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