Laboratory mice which have been genetically altered to produce human growth hormone grow to be 25-30 percent larger than normal mice---with much of that size difference coming from bigger bones, according to researchers.
A new analysis shows the tendency to "catastrophize"---to see the bad that happens to you as part of a pervasive pall of evil and pain that happens to everyone, everywhere---has been linked to an increased risk of dying before the age of 65.
First care providers can now have the latest knowledge from top medical experts in the field of emergency medicine, obstetrics and gynecology at their fingertips. The book will help family physicians, as well as emergency medicine doctors, quickly and effectively diagnose and treat emergency gynecologic and obstetric problems.
The financial value of a higher education increased in the mid-1990s but the dollar value of a high school diploma or less dropped by 8 percent. The new analysis shows the earnings gap between families headed by college graduates and families headed by high school graduates widened significantly.
Made of polymers, instead of stone, PEBBLEs (Probes Encapsulated By BioListic Embedding) are designed to work inside mammalian cells where they can detect subtle changes in concentrations of ions and small molecules. Research could lead to antidotes for neurotoxins used in biological warfare.
Materials science engineers have built an instrument to help them observe the process of sputtering---a method of "spray painting" films of atoms onto another surface. While sputtering is a common way of coating materials, it was not possible to monitor the process as it happened until now.
Researchers are examining the effects of tobacco, nicotine, the industries that support their production and the public health issues that develop from tobacco use. These programs deal with virtually every area of tobacco research, from the physiological effects of nicotine, to teen smoking, to legal and financial issues.
Researchers are examining the effects of tobacco, nicotine, the industries that support their production and the public health issues that develop from tobacco use. These programs deal with virtually every area of tobacco research, from the physiological effects of nicotine, to teen smoking, to legal and financial issues.
Researchers are gaining valuable insight into how Ebola uses glycoproteins to wreak its deadly havoc. Results from this study provide insight into the strategies that Ebola virus uses to evade detection and point to potential antiviral targets. The new findings may also have far-reaching benefits for fighting other illnesses.
Which is the most important factor influencing student performance in mathematics: A good teacher? Innate intelligence? Home environment? Studying hard? They're all important, of course. But differences in how Asians and Americans answer this question help to explain the U.S. disadvantage in math and science achievement.
Nearly one in three people over age 65 and not living in a nursing home fall each year---and those falls often result in serious injury and significant cost. Now, through a series of studies, researchers have documented a strong link between falling and a neurological disorder called peripheral neuropathy.
February is American Heart Month and the American Heart Association (AHA) has launched a nationwide campaign to educate people---especially women---about the dangers of heart disease and stroke.
According to the World Values survey, weekly church attendance is higher in the United States than in any other nation at a similar level of development. In addition, religious attitudes and behaviors among nations are compared as well as how religious beliefs of each society have changed over the years.
Researchers have discovered striking sex differences in how quickly rodents called degus re-set their biological clocks in response to changes in light and social contact. The discovery could lead to different ways of helping people who suffer from SAD, jet lag, shift work problems and other disruptions in circadian rhythms.
Although their reasons may differ, violent boys are no more likely than non-violent boys to approve of hitting others, even when sometimes provoked, according to this study. Violent children unanimously condemned unprovoked situations based on moral reasoning, rather than social rules, consensus, authority or egocentric personal needs.
Breast cancer survivors who regularly work up a light to moderate sweat with exercise get into better physical condition and feel significantly less depressed and anxious according to this study. Furthermore, the sooner survivors start exercising after they have recovered from surgery, the greater the impact on their mental health.
Jupiter, like Earth, has auroras at its poles. Thanks to new instruments on the Hubble Space Telescope and a specially designed filter, University of Michigan astrophysicists have produced the best images yet of this planetary phenomenon---pictures which should give researchers a much better understanding of Jupiter and its moons.
Millions of people with a history of peptic ulcer disease may be receiving unnecessary treatment according to a new study. Researchers report that prompt diagnosis and treatment for infection of H. pylori bacteria --- instead of acid-blocking medication --- improved many patients health and saved money.
Study shows drug treatment administered before open heart surgery reduces atrial fibrillation---a rapid, irregular beat in the upper chambers of the heart---in the days after the operation. Researchers found significant decreased risk of stroke after the operation as well as reductions in patient discomfort, cost and hospitalization time.
New computer modeling suggests that global warming might not be entirely a product of human activity. The research shows that carbon and sulfur emissions can have the reverse effect, serving to cool down the planet.
New ultra-high speed computer software can simulate the effects of solar surface eruptions on the Earth's magnetosphere. 3-D models of eruptions are created far faster than real time---meaning the simulation might some day predict the effects of space weather phenomena on Earth in ample time to prepare for them.
A new 300-site survey of borehole temperatures spanning four continents and five centuries has confirmed what most scientists already believe---the Earth is getting warmer and the rate of warming has been accelerating rapidly since 1900.
27 percent of women in a contraceptive use study had increased risk of pregnancy because they didn't take the pill for two or more consecutive days and used no backup in the following week. Also, half of those women missed two or more pills at least twice during the three-month study.
PET, or positron emission tomography, is a technology previously considered experimental in the United States. However, new studies show it is significantly more accurate than other imaging methods used to detect cancer and can also find areas of infection in the body far quicker than conventional means.
A great majority of pregnant women want ultrasounds---so much so, that many are willing to pay out of pocket for it if their insurance company won't cover the procedure, study shows.
Several University of Michigan scientists currently conducting research on questions related to the effects of global warming, climate change and increasing levels of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere are available for interviews. Here is a summary of their areas of expertise and how to reach them.
A new University of Michigan spin-off company---IntraLase Corporation---will develop and market a new generation of lasers for high-precision medical applications. The lasers will cut delicate structures, such as the cornea of the eye, while avoiding damage to overlying or adjacent tissue---something not possible with current clinical laser technology.
People with type 2 diabetes are routinely encouraged to strictly control their blood sugar at near-normal levels, but a new study indicates this is extremely difficult to do through conventional use of insulin. The study evaluates how effective, safe and costly insulin treatment is in a typical setting.
Researchers, led by a team from the University of Michigan Medical Center, have isolated a pair of substances in grapefruit juice that cause greater absorption of certain drugs in the human body. The key lies in the interaction between the grapefruit juice and an enzyme found in the small intestine.
Different walking speeds get different health effects in post-menopausal women. Slow walkers burn more fat and increase sensitivity to insulin. Fast walkers secrete more growth hormone for strong bones and lean body mass, says University of Michigan pilot study.
Researchers report a breakthrough in helping patients tolerate the medication used in treating a common type of pneumonia. In the longest running trial of its kind, doctors found that 86 percent of their HIV study patients were able to tolerate trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (also called Bactrim) after a previous allergic reaction.
Evidence is mounting that the sun's magnetic field looks more like a wild cyclone than a tidy lawn sprinkler---the image scientists had accepted for almost 40 years. The cyclone-like shape comes from a mathematical model first proposed last year by University of Michigan space scientist Len Fisk.
Scientists at the University of Michigan and the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed a new class of large, organic molecules which could one day be used for focusing and converting sunlight into electricity. They're called dendrimer supermolecules and can harvest and convert sunlight with great efficiency.
University of Michigan geochemists have made the most accurate estimate yet of the age of our moon and discovered that it formed later in the development of the solar system than many scientists believed---almost certainly as the result of a collision between Earth and another planet at least as large as Mars.
A color additive extracted from dried bugs and commonly used in cosmetics, clothing fibers, fruit drinks, candy, yogurt and other foods can cause life-threatening allergic reactions, a University of Michigan physician has confirmed. As a "natural" ingredient, the color additive is often not listed on labels.
A 50-year-old medical test has proven more reliable than high-tech diagnostic tools in pinpointing some back disorders, according to a researcher at University of Michigan Medical Center. The process called electromyography can determine where subtle nerve damage or paralysis occurs in various muscles by inserting thin needle electrodes into them.
University of Michigan scientists have developed a viral vector technique that delivers the gene for dystrophin, a protein critical for normal maintenance of muscle tissue, to the muscles of adult mice with muscular dystrophy.
New climatological research by University of Michigan engineers suggests that peaks in the El Nino cycle correspond with surges in storm strength, water levels and destruction on the shores of the Great Lakes. Their findings show the region could get one of the most destructive storm seasons on record.
University of Michigan scientists have used an insulin-like growth factor called IGF-I to stimulate growth of a myelin membrane sheath around neurons. Scientists believe understanding how growth factors affect neural development could lead to new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases like diabetic neuropathy, multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
The University of Michigan's Comprehensive Cancer Center is launching a statewide network of interactive computer kiosks to link residents with up-to-date health information. The $1 million project, was funded by proceeds from the state tobacco tax. The highly interactive system is the first health-related project of its kind in the nation.
Doctors can face an ethical dilemma when patients request screening tests - such as those for breast cancer and prostate cancer - that may be ill-advised under certain circumstances. Four authors explore that predicament in the article "Ethical Considerations in the Provision of Controversial Screening Tests," in the current issue of the Archives of Family Medicine.
University of Michigan scientists have found that iron chelators can prevent deafness in guinea pigs exposed to antibiotics that damage delicate hair cells in the inner ear. The U-M research could lead to a way to eliminate the threat of deafness to individuals treated with a common class of antibiotics.
Tobacco and pharmaceutical drug companies to compete for the hearts and lungs of nicotine-dependent consumers in emerging, multi-billion dollar, nicotine maintenance market, says U-M health policy researcher.
Mars is a peaceful planet, say University of Michigan geologists. Limited plate motion, no giant impacts, and no large-scale mixing for 4.53 billion years according to an analysis of Mars rocks here on Earth.
When continental plates come together to form mountain ranges, the impact from the collision bends microscopic grains in rocks more than 1,200 miles away. Evidence shows that seemingly quiet mid-continent areas are highly sensitive recorders of plate tectonic activity.
A collaboration between researchers at the University of Michigan Medical Center and the University of Kiel, Germany, has shed new light on the complex genetic roots of psoriasis---information which researchers believe will point the way to more effective treatments for the skin disease which afflicts 6 million Americans.
More studies show that hard core smokers may be using nicotine to manage depression, ADHD, anxiety or bulimia. People with these conditions or co-factors often use nicotine to help manage their symptoms. Treat the disorders first or simultaneously, says U-M study.
Developed by research scientists in the University of Michigan College of Engineering's Mobile Robotics Laboratory, the GuideCane is a computerized, sonar-equipped navigation aid for the blind which detects obstacles in the user's path and automatically steers around them.
The condition of U.S. nursing home patients improves, but pain is more common than ever.
A nasal spray influenza vaccine pioneered by Hunein F. Maassab, professor of epidemiology at the University of Michigan School of Public Health, has proved 93 percent effective in a major study of 1,600 children across the country. The vaccine triggers an early, local antibody response in the nasal passages. Influenza kills 20,000 people each year in the United States alone.
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