Schematic illustration of the manufacture procedure of the SN-based electrolytes.
Newswise — Lithium-ion batteries are integral to numerous applications, ranging from everyday electronics to electric vehicles. Despite their widespread use, these batteries pose safety risks due to the flammable liquid electrolytes they typically contain, which can lead to dangerous fires and explosions. In response to these safety concerns, there has been a concerted effort within the scientific community to develop safer alternatives that maintain, or even enhance, battery performance while mitigating fire hazards.
In a significant advancement in battery technology, scientists at Shenzhen University have developed a novel quasi solid-state electrolyte that considerably enhances the safety and performance of lithium-ion batteries. The study (DOI: 10.1007/s10118-023-2970-y), published in April 2023 in the Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, details the electrolyte's ability to withstand higher voltages and its non-flammable properties.
This novel formulation blends succinonitrile, a substance with a high dielectric constant and low flammability, with innovative additives like triethyl phosphate (TEP) and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC). These additives are key to the electrolyte's enhanced safety profile and performance. TEP serves as a flame retardant, significantly reducing the flammability of the electrolyte, which is crucial for preventing fires in battery-operated devices. FEC, on the other hand, forms a protective layer on the lithium metal anode, improving the battery's stability and efficiency over numerous charge cycles. The electrolyte demonstrates superior ion conductivity at room temperature and maintains a wide electrochemical stability window of over 5.3 volts, which is indicative of its ability to operate safely at higher voltages than typical battery electrolytes. These properties ensure that the battery can handle more energy-dense configurations, crucial for applications requiring high power output over extended periods, such as electric vehicles and portable electronic devices. This research paves the way for batteries that are not only safer but also more reliable and longer-lasting.
Professor Cai-Zhen Zhu, a lead researcher on the project, stated, "Our goal was not just to make lithium-ion batteries safer but also more efficient. By developing a non-flammable electrolyte that operates effectively at high voltages, we are paving the way for next-generation batteries."
The implications of this research are profound for the battery industry. This new electrolyte not only increases the safety of lithium-ion batteries by preventing fires but also enhances their longevity and reliability, crucial for applications in high-stakes environments like electric vehicles and space travel.
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References
DOI
Original Source URL
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-023-2970-y
Funding information
This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52003160 and 51973118), Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (No. 2020A1515010644), Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province (Nos. 2019B010929002 and 2019B010941001), the Science and Technology Innovation Commission of Shenzhen (No. JCYJ20190808150001775), the Program for Guangdong Introducing Innovative and Entrepreneurial Teams (No. 2019ZT08C642). And the authors would like to appreciate the help of MD simulations from the Wang-Mingliang Lab of Shenzhen University.
About Chinese Journal of Polymer Science
Chinese Journal of Polymer Science (CJPS) is a monthly journal published in English and sponsored by the Chinese Chemical Society and the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. CJPS is edited by a distinguished Editorial Board headed by Professor Qi-Feng Zhou and supported by an International Advisory Board in which many famous active polymer scientists all over the world are included. Manuscript types include Editorials, Rapid Communications, Perspectives, Tutorials, Feature Articles, Reviews and Research Articles. According to the Journal Citation Reports, 2022 Impact Factor (IF) of CJPS is 4.3.
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