Using mRNA technology like that in the COVID-19 vaccines, researchers have demonstrated a successful way to deliver a potential HIV vaccine, researchers at Duke Human Vaccine Institute report.
Researchers have identified a new mechanism that regulates the permeability of the blood-brain barrier in mice
In AVS Quantum Science, scientists in Germany review research on gravitational wave detectors as a historical example of quantum technologies and examine the fundamental research on the connection between quantum physics and gravity. The team examined recent gravitational wave experiments, showing it is possible to shield large objects from strong influences from the thermal and seismic environment to allow them to evolve as one quantum object. This decoupling from the environment enables measurement sensitivities that would otherwise be impossible.
In the Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, researchers have developed an optimizer tool to design, evaluate, and maximize the performance of different types of solar-powered adsorption under various operating scenarios. The tool was created using Visual Basic programming language that is easy to learn and enables rapid application development and predicted the proper material mass concentration ratios. The method calculated the cooling load, predicted maximal performance, and conducted the overall performance analysis of the cooling system.
Treating cancer and other diseases with laser light is not currently considered routine, but new approaches using nanoparticles show some promise in improving existing techniques. In Applied Physics Reviews, researchers review the status of the field and by combining photothermal therapy or photodynamic therapy with nanomaterials, they have been able to apply these types of phototherapies while also delivering drugs to sites in the body that are otherwise inaccessible. It is also possible to combine PTT and PDT into a single treatment, creating an even more powerful treatment method.
Mount Sinai scientists have developed a new technology allowing them to link specific genes to complex tumor characteristics at a scale and resolution not previously possible. The results could lead to new approaches for targeting anti-cancer drugs.
The fossil, housed in The Nat’s paleontology collection, offers a window into what the Earth was like during the Eocene Period, more than 40 million years ago.
Earthquakes themselves affect the movement of Earth's tectonic plates, which in turn could impact on future earthquakes, according to new research from the University of Copenhagen.
Most patients with severe COVID who are put on ventilators regain consciousness after removal of respiratory support, but recovery may take weeks after the period of mechanical ventilation has ended, according to a new study by investigators at Weill Cornell Medicine, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Harvard Medical School, NewYork-Presbyterian and Massachusetts General Hospital.
You know you should set aside savings with every paycheck, live within your means and invest your money wisely. But do you do it? New research from the University of Georgia suggests that answering three questions could give people insight into their spending and potentially help them modify their behavior in the future.
Natural microbial communities contain multiple species of bacteria, making it difficult to isolate and culture individual bacterial species. Two new tools allow researchers to genetically manipulate distinct bacterial species within their communities. Combined, these tools give researchers the ability to track genetic modifications as the community grows and to examine gene function in microorganisms that cannot be grown in the lab.
The parasites that cause a disfiguring skin disease affecting about 12 million people globally may have met their match in vaccines developed using CRISPR gene-editing technology, new research suggests.
A Johns Hopkins Children’s Center-led study in animals suggests that high doses of a widely used antibiotic called rifampin may safely treat and reduce the duration of treatment for the deadliest form of tuberculosis that affects the brain.
Scientists from Sandia National Laboratories have announced a tiny, electronic device that can shunt excess electricity within a few billionths of a second while operating at a record-breaking 6,400 volts — a significant step towards protecting the nation’s electric grid from an electromagnetic pulse.
Pain experts and patient advocates had expressed concern that these laws may restrict access to opioid treatment for people with chronic pain without substituting effective non-opioid alternatives.
The largest study on severe stroke and COVID-19 published to date found even moderate COVID-19 infection increased risk of death in younger, healthier stroke patients
… protein C receptor (EPCRhigh) were enriched within the stem cell fraction at the expense of more proliferative EPCRLow HSCs. These … stem cell function. We herein attempted to elucidate the mechanisms by which HSCs convert the effects of …
… Reports show that > 95% of endovascular TAVR in the US is via transfemoral access, so our population are mostly patients undergoing … in non-TAVR populations [28]. Our study shows that the procedure-related stroke rate was not …
NK cell content does not seem to influence engraftment in ex vivo T cell depleted haploidentical stem cell tra … usefulness of NK cellderived IFNg inhibition to favor engraftment in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) …
… Post-TAVR stroke causes acute and long-term morbidity and mortality. The stroke rate 30 days after TAVR was reported as 3.4% in low-risk … TAVR may reduce the incidence of ischemic stroke and in-hospital mortality.However, the effectiveness of …
… In addition, MSCs derived from different donors and tissues lead to individual heterogeneity, which complicates the progress of consistent and standardized stem cell production. Therefore, it is necessary to screen qualified MSCs to avoid uncertain effects. …
The time of day that people with diabetes eat certain foods may be just as important to their well-being as portion size and calories, according to a new study published in the Endocrine Society’s Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism.
Cognitive decline is the biggest factor in determining how long patients with Alzheimer’s disease will live after being diagnosed, according to a new study from researchers at UT Southwestern. The findings, published in the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, are a first step that could help health care providers provide reliable prediction and planning assistance for patients with Alzheimer’s disease and their families.
Mass Eye and Ear research shows the viral vector Anc80L65 efficiently transferred genetic cargo into the inner ear of nonhuman primates via a specialized surgical procedure, paving the way for a method that can be brought to clinical trials for hearing loss and vestibular disorder treatments.
For the first time, Australian researchers have reverse engineered the visual systems of hoverflies to detect drones’ acoustic signatures from almost four kilometres away. The finding could help combat the growing use of IED-carrying drones, including those used in Ukraine.
Federal researchers have identified specific inherited, or “germline,” gene mutations associated with prostate cancer development specifically among African American men. This discovery could impact cancer screening and prevention and also lead to more effective, targeted treatments and better outcomes for individuals who have these mutations. These findings were published in Nature Communications on March 15, 2022.
When used as biocatalysts, enzymes accelerate many chemical reactions. At Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), researchers have now embedded enzymes in metal-organic cages (MOFs). For the first time, they then demonstrated that stabilization by these frameworks is sufficient for use of the enzymes in a continuous reactor. Moreover, the enzymes embedded in the MOFs cannot only be used in aqueous, but also in organic solvents. The researchers report in the journal Angewandte Chemie (DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117144).
A new target in the brain which underpins the eliciting of anxiety and fear behaviours such as ‘freezing’ has been identified by neuroscientists. The University of Bristol researchers say the discovery of a key pathway in the brain, published in the journal eLife, offers a potential new drug target for treating anxiety and psychological disorders, which affect an estimated 264-million people worldwide.
Financial incentives and other nudges have been used to help increase vaccination rates across the nation, but new research from the University of California San Diego’s Rady School of Management reveals that compensations need to be large—at least $100—to reduce vaccine hesitancy.
Cold spells, wildfires, hurricanes and other events are happening with increasing intensity. As the share of weather-dependent energy sources grows, electricity markets and power systems have the opportunity to improve short- and long-term plans.
The study expands the fundamental understanding of cartilage mechanics and demonstrates a valuable new research tool.
Kelly Dunn recently became board certified by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics in Oncology Nutrition.
A new study estimates that over the next 30 years, 1.4 million street trees will be killed by invasive insects, costing over 900 million dollars to replace.
A single-celled marine microbe capable of photosynthesis and hunting and eating prey may be a secret weapon in the battle against climate change.
Notre Dame Assistant Professor Adrienne Sabety and a colleague from MIT partnered with the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene to determine how access to primary care would affect both undocumented immigrants’ health and the use of emergency departments for routine care.
A researcher at the University of Maryland School of Medicine, and his colleagues at Harvard University, have shown in rats how several brain regions need to work together to acquire a skill and replicate it flawlessly with each rat adding their own personal flair in the form of a “dance.”
PSI scientists have developed a ground-breaking achromatic lens for X-rays. This allows the X-ray beams to be accurately focused on a single point even if they have different wavelengths.
For the first 2 billion years of Earth’s history, there was barely any oxygen in the air. While some microbes were photosynthesizing by the latter part of this period, oxygen had not yet accumulated at levels that would impact the global biosphere.
From sunflowers to starfish, symmetry appears everywhere in biology. This isn’t just true for body plans – the molecular machines keeping our cells alive are also strikingly symmetric.
One in three new mothers during early COVID-19 screened positive for postpartum depression––nearly triple pre-pandemic levels––and 1 in 5 had major depressive symptoms, say University of Michigan researchers.
When the European Space Agency’s Rosetta spacecraft discovered abundant molecular oxygen bursting from comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P) in 2015, it puzzled scientists. They had never seen a comet emit oxygen, let alone in such abundance. But most alarming were the deeper implications: that researchers had to account for so much oxygen, which meant reconsidering everything they thought they already knew about the chemistry of the early solar system and how it formed. A new analysis, however, led by planetary scientist Adrienn Luspay-Kuti at the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) in Laurel, Maryland, shows Rosetta’s discovery may not be as strange as scientists first imagined.
Texas A&M AgriLife Research scientists are using artificial intelligence to set a new world record for producing algae as a reliable, economic source for biofuel that can be used as an alternative fuel source for jet aircraft and other transportation needs.
LGBT+ physicists often face harassment and other behaviors that make them leave the profession, according to a new study, which comes as physics as a discipline has attempted to grapple with equity and inclusion issues. The authors found that the two biggest factors that influence a person’s decision to leave physics are the overall climate of the organization they belong to and more specifically observing exclusionary behavior.
Higher lead levels in a mother's blood can increase the chance of her bearing male offspring, according to new research led by Japanese scientists at the Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine.
People living with neurological or psychiatric conditions may have an increased likelihood of having a second such condition in the future, and their sex influences their risk, according to new research.
In a paper published on Small recently, a collaborated research team led by Prof. WANG Hui from High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science (HFIPS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) reported the synthesis of hollow cuprous oxide@nitrogen-doped carbon (HCONC) by one-step hydrothermal method as well as their applications in efficient chemodynamic therapy.
To evaluate the safety and early outcomes of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell (BMMNC) infusion for liver cirrhosis due to biliary atresia (BA) after Kasai operation.
Researchers developed a new computational model to study gene expression trends over time and applied datasets from COVID-19 patients -- they found that early and persistent activation of neutrophils is a hallmark of severe COVID-19 illness.
Keck Medicine of USC study shows that the incidence rate of metastatic prostate cancer rose as much as 43% in men 75 and older and 41% in men 45-74 after routine prostate cancer screenings were no longer recommended
People who kill themselves with a firearm are more likely to talk about suicide a month before ending their lives than ask for help and seek mental health treatment, according to a study by the New Jersey Gun Violence Center at Rutgers University.
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