Feature Channels: Engineering

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Irvine, Calif., Nov. 2, 2023 – The U.S. Department of Defense granted $26.9 million to 16 academic institutions and other organizations, including the University of California, Irvine, to launch California DREAMS, the California Defense Ready Electronics and Microdevices Superhub.

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Researchers led by a team at UT Southwestern Medical Center have developed a device that can isolate blood flow to the brain, keeping the organ alive and functioning independent from the rest of the body for several hours.

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Nanoengineers have created a quasicrystal—a scientifically intriguing and technologically promising material structure—from nanoparticles using DNA, the molecule that encodes life.

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Researchers at Argonne are harnessing the power of machine learning to enhance the safety and efficiency of next-generation nuclear reactors. Using a specialized model, researchers may be able to detect anomalies in reactor operations even when they are masked by other noises, ensuring a safer energy future.

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A material that doesn't just rival the strength of diamonds and graphene, but boasts a yield strength 10 times greater than Kevlar, renowned for its use in bulletproof vests.

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In a world increasingly aware of the environmental challenges posed by microplastics, a pioneering study conducted by Ruxandra Malina Petrescu-Mag from Babes-Bolyai University, and published in PeerJ Life & Environment, sheds new light on the impact of media narratives on public perception and awareness of microplastic risks.

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UWF and Leidos, a Fortune 500® science and technology leader, have launched the Leidos Cybersecurity Infrastructure Lab in UWF Hal Marcus College of Science and Engineering.

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An interdisciplinary team of scientists, engineers and clinicians dedicated to developing new biomaterials and therapies for vision disorders has been awarded the Brockhouse Canada Prize for Interdisciplinary Research in Science and Engineering. The C20/20 Innovation Hub – led by Dean of the Faculty of Engineering and chemical engineering professor, Heather Sheardown – was created to advance ophthalmic research and improve vision for people who experience eye diseases such as macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma and cataracts.

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High-efficiency scattering exceptional point (EP) at non-Hermitian metasurface has numerous alluring optical properties but still is unexplored in the visible. Scientists in China and Singapore reported a universal paradigm for achieving a high-efficiency EP in the visible by leveraging interlayer loss to accurately control the interplay between the lossy structure and scattering lightwaves. This work paves a new avenue toward the design of versatile optical metasurface platforms involving the EP or higher-order EP.

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Multimode fiber (MMF) lasers can be invaluable for various applications, including high-energy pulse generation, precision measurement, and nonlinear microscopy. They also serve as an outstanding testbed for nonlinear spatiotemporal physics. The generation of ultrashort pulses in nonlinear multimode resonators relies upon spatiotemporal mode-locking (STML), which involves synchronization in both spatial and temporal dimensions. This review focuses on the fundamentals of STML, with a particular emphasis on the dynamics under large intermode dispersion. Recent progresses in spatiotemporal measurement techniques, exotic nonlinear dynamics of spatiotemporal dissipative solitons (STDS), and spatial mode engineering in MMF lasers are covered. We also provide an outlook on future perspectives for STML.

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National Security Expert Honored by American University for Promoting Inclusivity in Technology Policy

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In Physics of Fluids, researchers examine how ventilation can affect transmission of airborne viruses in a typical cruise ship cabin based on guidelines developed before and after the pandemic. They conducted simulations for virus droplets from a cough in a typical cabin that accommodates two or more people, with different ventilation rates and different positions of the person emitting the cough. Computational fluid dynamics testing ranged from 1.5 to 15 air changes per hour to capture all possible scenarios, from minimal ventilation to rates exceeding the most recent recommendations.

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During railway operations, the traffic flow might be disrupted by unexpected events.

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New software identifies changes made to code more accurately than existing methods by modeling a programmer’s viewpoint of the software change

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Argonne National Laboratory is leading research to reimagine more energy efficient microelectronics for a future driven by data and artificial intelligence.

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Imagine a world without powders. It may sound exaggerated, but our daily lives are intricately connected to powders in various ways from foods, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics to batteries, ceramics, etc

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UC San Diego engineers have developed modular nanoparticles that can be easily customized to target different biological entities such as tumors, viruses or toxins. The surface of the nanoparticles is engineered to host any biological molecules of choice, making it possible to tailor the nanoparticles for a wide array of applications, ranging from targeted drug delivery to neutralizing biological agents.

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Researchers have developed a new method for 3D printing metal that could help reduce costs and make more efficient use of resources.

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An international team of researchers including a team from the Center for the Advancement of Topological Semimetals (CATS), an Energy Frontier Research Center under the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Science led by Ames National Laboratory, experimentally demonstrated a new type of nonlinear Hall effect.

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Engineers at Binghamton University, State University of New York have programmed a robot guide dog to assist the visually impaired. The robot responds to tugs on its leash.

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More than merely cracks in the ice, crevasses play an important role in circulating seawater beneath Antarctic ice shelves, potentially influencing their stability, finds Cornell University-led research based on a first-of-its-kind exploration by an underwater robot.

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As urbanization advances around the globe, the quality of the urban physical environment will become increasingly critical to human well-being and to sustainable development initiatives. However, measuring and tracking the quality of an urban environment, its evolution and its spatial disparities is difficult due to the amount of on-the-ground data needed to capture these patterns. To address this issue, Yong Suk Lee, assistant professor of technology, economy and global affairs in the Keough School of Global Affairs at the University of Notre Dame, and Andrea Vallebueno from Stanford University used machine learning to develop a scalable method to measure urban decay.

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The FAMU-FSU College of Engineering and the Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering at the University of Florida will collaborate on a new Air Force Office of Scientific Research Center of Excellence focused on high-speed flight and morphing aerospace vehicles, which can change shape while in flight.

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A distinguished RPI alumnus and a member of the Class of 1959, Sheldon  Weinbaum, Ph.D., was recognized with the National Medal of Science by U.S. President Joe Biden at a White House ceremony on October 24.

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“Hey, Alexa, play the latest Taylor Swift album.” Smart speakers offer amazing convenience — from playing your favorite tunes to re-ordering toilet paper — with only a simple voice command. But that convenience can come with a steep cost in privacy that many consumers aren’t even aware they’re paying.

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Researchers at Argonne and partner institutions report a significant advance in quantum computing. They have prolonged the coherence time of their single-electron qubit to an impressive 0.1 milliseconds, nearly a thousand-fold improvement.

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Researchers from Cornell and Brown University have developed a souped-up telepresence robot that responds automatically and in real-time to a remote user’s movements and gestures made in virtual reality.

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Powered by the Australian sun, the University of Michigan Solar Car Team's Astrum was the fourth challenger-class car to cross the finish line today after five days of racing in the 2023 Bridgestone World Solar Challenge.

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State, regional, and business leaders joined researchers and students from UT Southwestern Medical Center and The University of Texas at Dallas for the dedication of the Texas Instruments Biomedical Engineering and Sciences Building that will accelerate training for the next generation and foster medical innovations to improve patient care.

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Tian Ma, a distinguished computer engineer in research and development at Sandia National Laboratories, has been honored as a 2023 Asian American Engineer of the Year by the Chinese Institute of Engineers-USA.

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A new smartphone case could soon enable folks with visual impairments, tremors and spasms to use touch screens independently.

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A researcher at Binghamton University, State University of New York, will lead a $2.5 million project from the National Institutes of Health to develop machine models to identify and predict cardiometabolic risks in adolescents and young adults.

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Researchers in South Korea have shed light on the factors causing deviations in impact sound performance. The Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology (KICT) conducted on-site measurements to analyze the impact sound across different units within a building.

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KIMM-KAIST joint research team develops graphene-enabled e-textiles by ultrashort pulse laser processing. The new technology is expected to be used for mass production of next-generation, customized e-textiles for healthcare, industrial and military use.

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Large chunks of the Navajo Nation in the Southwest lack access to clean drinkable water, a trend that has been rising in many parts of the U.S. in recent years. A research team led by engineers with The University of Texas at Austin is changing that.

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The Department of Energy’s Net Zero World Initiative promotes knowledge exchange and fosters global decarbonization community.

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NASA sensors scattered across land, sea, and space have collected hundreds of terabytes of Earth science data over the past four decades. Imagine if a digital assistant like Alexa or Siri, powered by artificial intelligence (AI), could quickly and easily sift through that data to answer scientific questions for researchers.

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Scientists refined the method of diffusion saturation of steel and combined it with polishing in electrolyte plasma. Under the influence of current in solutions, that contained nitrogen, boron and carbon, on the surface of samples there was a formation of modified structure.

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Drs. SuDong Park, Byungki Ryu, and Jaywan Chung of the Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI) developed a new thermoelectric efficiency formalism and a high-efficiency multistage thermoelectric power generator module. This innovation can boost nuclear battery performance, crucial for space probes, and has attracted attention from the German Aerospace Research Institute.

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Forty eighth grade students — many originally from Mexico, Colombia, Venezuela and elsewhere — learned firsthand how scientists of Hispanic/Latino heritage contribute to science during the 18th annual Hispanic/Latino Education Outreach Day at Argonne.

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Read the latest research news on air pollution, nanoplastics, waterborne illnesses and more in the Pollution channel on Newswise.

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This smartphone attachment could enable people to screen for a variety of neurological conditions, such as Alzheimer’s disease and traumatic brain injury, at low cost—and do so accurately regardless of their skin tone.