Feature Channels: Respiratory Diseases and Disorders

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Researchers have developed a machine learning algorithm to identify cough sounds and determine whether the subject is suffering from pneumonia. Because every room and recording device is different, they augmented their recordings with room impulse responses, which measure how the acoustics of a space react to different sound frequencies. By combining this data with the recorded cough sounds, the algorithm can work in any environment.

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A six-month study led by Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers concludes that the use of portable home air purifiers can improve some markers of cardiovascular health in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD

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SARS-CoV-2 vaccines protected infant rhesus macaques against 1 severe lung disease after high dose challenge one year after vaccination.

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This World AIDS Day, the Forum of International Respiratory Societies (FIRS), of which the American Thoracic Society is a founding member, is calling on the health care community to increase lung cancer screening for people with HIV who are current or former heavy smokers and may be at high risk for developing the disease. As HIV- infected individuals have high smoking rates, smoking cessation should also be encouraged.

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Unnecessarily high concentrations of oxygen given to patients under general anesthesia may increase risk of injury to the kidneys, lungs and heart, according to a large Vanderbilt University Medical Center-led study published in The BMJ, the flagship journal of the British Medical Association.

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In 2021, an estimated 10.6 million individuals developed tuberculosis (TB) and 1.6 million died, making it the second most lethal infection in the world after SARS-CoV-2.

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The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center’s Research Highlights provides a glimpse into recent basic, translational and clinical cancer research from MD Anderson experts.

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Mechanisms involved in the rapid, severe progression of fibrosis in the lung tissues of COVID-19 patients, a potentially fatal complication of the virus that damages and scars the lungs, have been uncovered by researchers led by UTHealth Houston.

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With COVID-19 and flu cases rising, and RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) affecting many young children, experts are bracing for a “tripledemic” of respiratory viruses this holiday season.

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The Smidt Heart Institute at Cedars-Sinai has selected board-certified cardiothoracic surgeon Tyler Gunn, MD, to be the director of the Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, or ECMO, Program in the Department of Cardiac Surgery.

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In a recently published Nature Cancer paper, UChicago Medicine researchers have identified the first biomarker - aneuploidy - that predicts response to the radiation therapy and immune checkpoint blockade treatment combination.

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Researchers working with Sbarro Health Research Organization (SHRO) have published a paper examining the possible links between neurological involvement and respiratory damage due to COVID-19.

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Reporting a positive or negative test result just became easier through a new website from the National Institutes of Health. MakeMyTestCount.org, developed through NIH’s Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics (RADx®) Tech program, allows users to anonymously report the results of any brand of at-home COVID-19 test.

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B. Smyth, 28, died on Nov. 17, 2022, after a long battle with pulmonary fibrosis, according to an Instagram post featuring his brother Denzil. Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a progressive, debilitating disease that causes scarring in the lungs and does not presently have a cure.

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With what some are calling a “tripledemic” of COVID-19, the influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus, or RSV, soaring in many parts of the country, the holiday season will come with some tough decisions again this year.

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Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths globally and a top cause of cancer deaths in the Military Health System. However, the ability to determine which of these patients have aggressive tumors and which will respond better to certain treatments – could soon be available through the collective analysis of proteins and genomes, according to a new study published Nov. 15 in Cell Reports Medicine, led by researchers at the Uniformed Services University (USU).

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This World COPD Day, Nov. 16, the Forum of International Respiratory Societies (FIRS), of which the American Thoracic Society is a founding member, is supporting “Your Lungs for Life” – the campaign for a lifelong focus on keeping lungs healthy as an integral part of future health and well-being.

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Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital, Plano, Texas, changed its treatment paradigm for its COVID-19 patients receiving ECMO during the pandemic, finding that progressive mobility and a more aggressive application of rehabilitation therapies contributed to significantly higher survival rates.

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“I am thrilled to join Hackensack Meridian Health,” said Dr. Bhora. “The opportunity to be a part of the finest health system in New Jersey with a new and innovative affiliated medical school was a big draw. The central region of New Jersey has a need for the highest quality of surgical care, and we have bold plans to transform both the quality and breadth of surgical programs that we will offer to our patients. This, in addition to starting a surgical residency program and helping transform JFK University Medical Center into a true tertiary and quaternary hospital was the impetus for me to join the Hackensack Meridian Team and an opportunity impossible to turn down.”

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Un nuevo estudio que se presenta en la Reunión Científica Anual del ACAAI muestra que incluso en los estados con fuertes leyes de inhaladores/albuterol de reserva, los administradores escolares y los médicos prescriptores temen la responsabilidad al prescribir y administrar los inhaladores de reserva.

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This World Pneumonia Day, Nov. 12, 2022, the Forum of International Respiratory Societies (FIRS), of which the American Thoracic Society is a founding member, is calling on governments and other stakeholders to take urgent action to tackle pneumonia - focusing on those who are at greatest risk of severe illness.

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While computed tomography (CT) scans can provide important information to diagnose illnesses and conditions, these imaging tests can also reveal other unrelated issues, known as “incidental” findings, that raise questions beyond what the physicians were originally looking for. The new Lung Nodule Program at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute (OSUCCC – James) combines the benefits of automated natural language processing tools with a subspecialized treatment team to create a system for flagging and methodically evaluating incidental lung nodule findings to capture subtle signs of lung cancer. Experts estimate this program could result in hundreds of lives saved annually through early detection.

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Un nuevo estudio que se presenta en la Reunión Científica Anual del ACAAI de este año muestra niveles elevados de alérgenos de gatos y perros, así como de glucanos β-D y endotoxinas en modelos telefónicos simulados.

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Un nuevo estudio que se presenta en la Reunión Científica Anual del ACAAI de este año muestra que un tratamiento que usa una tecnología de edición genética de repeticiones palindrómicas cortas, agrupadas y regularmente interespaciadas logró aliviar la inflamación y reducir la frecuencia de los ataques.

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A new study being presented at this year’s ACAAI Annual Scientific Meeting shows that even in states with strong stock inhaler/albuterol laws, school administrators and prescribing clinicians fear liability in prescribing and administering the stock inhalers.

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A new study being presented at this year’s ACAAI Annual Scientific Meeting shows that, in infants aged 0-24 months who presented to the emergency department for anaphylaxis, few required hospitalization and most were able to go home after a few hours of observation.

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Un nuevo estudio que se presenta en la Reunión Científica Anual del ACAAI muestra que el sexo puede ser un desencadenante no diagnosticado de las exacerbaciones del asma.

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A new study being presented at this year’s ACAAI Annual Scientific Meeting in Louisville, KY, shows that sex can be an undiagnosed trigger for asthma exacerbations.

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Un nuevo estudio que se presenta en la Reunión científica anual del ACAAI muestra que solo la mitad de los pacientes adultos alérgicos a los alimentos tienen acceso inmediato a la epinefrina y que el 36 % de los adultos creen que los autoinyectores de epinefrina pueden causar efectos negativos o potencialmente mortales.

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A new study being presented at this year’s ACAAI Annual Scientific Meeting shows that only half of food allergic adult patients have immediate access to epinephrine, and 36% of adults believe epinephrine auto injectors can cause negative or life-threatening effects.

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Un nuevo estudio que se presentó en la Reunión Científica Anual del ACAAI de este año muestra que de los bebés de 0 a 24 meses que acudieron al servicio de urgencias por anafilaxia, pocos requirieron hospitalización y la mayoría pudo irse a casa después de unas horas de observación.

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Here are some of the latest articles that have been added to the Arthritis channel on Newswise.

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Cases of respiratory illnesses – particularly RSV – are on the rise. A Penn State Health Children’s Hospital infectious disease physician explains why, and what you can do.

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UTSW pediatric pulmonologist highlights how to reduce risk of serious asthma attack

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Curbing depression among caregivers improves control of asthma and lung function in children

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New research presented this week at ACR Convergence 2022, the American College of Rheumatology’s annual meeting, described a first-of-its-kind validated tool to screen for systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease.

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The researchers identified a mechanism that generated a cancer-promoting inflammatory environment in response to chemotherapy. Based on this discovery, they developed a treatment combination that reduced the incidence of lung metastasis following chemotherapy from 52% to only 6%.

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November is Lung Cancer Awareness Month, and although lung cancer is the second most common cancer in the U.S. in both men and women, and lung cancer claims more lives than other types of cancers, I am hopeful about lung cancer for many reasons.