Feature Channels: Neuro

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NEWS STORIES IN THIS ISSUE: -Physician and Musician: Johns Hopkins Doctor Brings Passion for Music to Medicine During Pandemic -Rapid, At-Home Blood Test Could Confirm COVID-19 Vaccination in Minutes -What to Expect and Prepare for As You Return to Regular Health Care Appointments -Study Suggests Sudden Hearing Loss Not Associated with COVID-19 Vaccination -Vaccination May Not Rid COVID-19 Risk for Those with Rheumatic, Musculoskeletal Diseases

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Older people with type 1 diabetes who have been to the hospital at some point for both low and high blood sugar levels may be at six times greater risk for developing dementia years later. The research is published in the June 2, 2021, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. The study also found that people with type 1 diabetes who visit the hospital for just one of the blood sugar extremes may also be at greater risk for developing dementia.

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Deep brain stimulation continues to be effective in people with Parkinson’s disease 15 years after the device is implanted, according to a study published in the June 2, 2021, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. Researchers found that compared to before deep brain stimulation, study participants continued to experience significant improvement in motor symptoms, which are symptoms that affect movement, as well as a reduction in medications 15 years later.

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A "prescription" to sit less and move more is the optimal first treatment choice for reducing mild to moderately elevated blood pressure and blood cholesterol in otherwise healthy adults, according to the new American Heart Association scientific statement published today in the American Heart Association's journal Hypertension.

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You may think a little white lie about a bad haircut is strictly for your friend's benefit, but your brain activity says otherwise.

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Art Garfunkel once described his legendary musical chemistry with Paul Simon, "We meet somewhere in the air through the vocal cords ... ." But a new study of duetting songbirds from Ecuador, the plain-tail wren (Pheugopedius euophrys), has offered another tune explaining the mysterious connection between successful performing duos.

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To date, place cells have been studied in mammals in small spaces. How do we navigate large ones? Prof. Nachum Ulanovsky and team studied bats navigating a 200-m-long tunnel – and discovered a novel neuronal code for spatial perception. The work showed that place cells behave completely differently when navigating very large spaces.

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Concussions can have serious consequences for toddlers. A Canadian research team has developed a tool to detect them in children who do not yet speak or have a limited vocabulary.

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A new measure of brain health developed by researchers at Rush University Medical Center may offer a novel approach to identifying individuals at risk of memory and thinking problems, according to research results published in Alzheimer's & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association on June 1.

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Announcement of articles in the June 2021 issue of Neurosurgical Focus.

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Scientists have identified a novel form of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), or Lou Gehrig’s Disease, that affects children, according to an international collaborative study, “Childhood Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Caused by Excess Sphingolipid Synthesis,” published May 30, 2021, in Nature Medicine. This is the first example of a mutation that perturbs a specific metabolic pathway as causative for ALS.

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Older adults with cerebral palsy are more likely to experience debilitating pains of musculoskeletal conditions, but researchers found they receive significantly less physical therapy for those ailments. The lead author says the results, while staggering, support their hypothesis that people with CP receive inequitable health care.

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A team at Washington University in St. Louis has developed a new brain stimulation technique using focused ultrasound that is able to turn specific types of neurons in the brain on and off and precisely control motor activity without surgical device implantation.

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DALLAS – May 28, 2021 – A study of gene activity in the brain’s hippocampus, led by UT Southwestern researchers, has identified marked differences between the region’s anterior and posterior portions. The findings, published today in Neuron, could shed light on a variety of brain disorders that involve the hippocampus and may eventually help lead to new, targeted treatments.

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ILAE has published guidelines on classifying seizures and epilepsies, but those classifications don't account for seizures in newborn babies. Two ILAE task forces spent several years on a position paper that modifies the seizure and epilepsy classifications for neonatal seizures.

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Waking up just one hour earlier could reduce a person's risk of major depression by 23%, suggests a sweeping new genetic study published May 26 in the journal JAMA Psychiatry.

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May is Stroke Awareness Month, a time to increase awareness about the signs and symptoms of stroke and the need to seek medical treatment as quickly as possible when a stroke occurs.