Scientists from St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Seattle Children’s and the Children’s Oncology Group (COG) have identified novel genetic variations that influence relapse risk in children with standard risk B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (SR B-ALL), the most common childhood cancer.
With the help of a tiny, transparent worm called Caenorhabditis elegans, researchers have identified novel players in dopamine signaling by taking advantage of a powerful platform generated via the Million Mutation Project for the rapid identification of mutant genes based on their functional impact.
A Yale School of Medicine team reports in a new study that an artificial intelligence (AI) model was able to reliably diagnose people living with Marfan Syndrome from a simple facial photograph.
A pivotal study has discovered a protein phosphorylation mechanism that plays a critical role in the negative regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis in tea plants (Camellia sinensis) during drought stress.
Strawberries, treasured for their flavor and health benefits, have been at the forefront of breeding programs targeting enhanced sensory and nutritional profiles. Despite advances, the intricate genetic makeup of these fruits has complicated efforts to improve them. This new study offers a breakthrough by identifying key genetic markers and candidate genes that control quality traits, enabling more precise and successful breeding strategies to cultivate strawberries that are juicier, more vibrant, and longer-lasting.
Scientists have discovered the gene responsible for prickles in eggplants, a trait that complicates farming. Using advanced genetic techniques, they identified the Prickly Eggplant (PE) gene on chromosome 6 and pinpointed SmLOG1 as the key factor. CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing confirmed that disabling SmLOG1 eliminates prickles, paving the way for prickle-free eggplant varieties. This breakthrough not only sheds light on prickle development but also promises to streamline eggplant cultivation and harvesting, benefiting the agricultural industry.
A recent study investigates the intricate mechanisms of sugar import in developing seeds of Camellia oleifera. By identifying key sugar transporters and analyzing their roles, the research provides significant insights into the molecular regulation of seed development. The findings highlight how these transporters, working alongside sucrose-metabolizing enzymes, facilitate efficient sugar import and partitioning. This study not only advances our understanding of seed development in Camellia oleifera but also suggests potential strategies to enhance seed yield and quality in this important oil-producing plant.
Sweetpotato, a staple in combating global hunger, faces significant threats from pests like whiteflies and weevils, impacting plant growth and yields. A new study harnesses the power of genomic and metagenomic data to predict pest abundance and identify key genes that could fortify the plant's defense mechanisms.
Long-term, heritable changes in gene activity fundamentally shape our biology, trigger many of our diseases, and set the clock on how we age. Now, a team of U of U Health scientists is starting an ambitious project to map these changes across the entire human genome.
A research team has identified that the heat stress transcription factor HsfA2 and actin-interacting protein (AIP) LACTIN interact at the protein level in Lilium longiflorum 'White Heaven', mediating gene expression and protecting cells from heat stress.
A research team discovered that drought preconditioning accelerates tiller bud initiation and outgrowth in perennial ryegrass plants.
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center’s Research Highlights showcases the latest breakthroughs in cancer care, research and prevention. These advances are made possible through seamless collaboration between MD Anderson’s world-leading clinicians and scientists, bringing discoveries from the lab to the clinic and back. Recent developments at MD Anderson include insights into evolutionary cellular adaptations to environmental stressors, potential targets to overcome trouble swallowing in head and neck cancer patients treated with radiation therapy, a promising chemotherapy-free combination treatment for patients with a subset of acute lymphocytic leukemia, a single-cell atlas for stomach cancer metastasis, encouraging results of a PARP inhibitor on patients with advanced cancers and specific DNA damage repair mutations, and a liquid biopsy signature that could improve early pancreatic cancer detection.
Recent advancements in grape genomics have significantly enhanced our understanding of grapevine biology and breeding. By sequencing over 44 grape genomes, researchers have identified key genes related to disease resistance, berry quality, and stress tolerance.
The study provides significant insights into cucumber centromeres by identifying key centromeric satellite sequences and retrotransposons. Researchers found notable differences in centromeric DNA between wild and cultivated cucumbers, highlighting the impact of domestication.
Below are summaries of recent Fred Hutch Cancer Center research findings, patient stories and other news.
Researchers from leading institutions including Polar Bears International, Environment and Climate Change Canada, the San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance, the University of Manitoba, and MacEwan University have analyzed all of Canada’s polar bear populations and found that the most northern polar bears, those in Canada’s High Arctic, are less likely to be able to adapt to a rapidly warming Arctic.
Peer social genetic effects – the influence of a social partner’s genotype on the observable traits of another – influence risk for addiction and psychiatric disorders later in life, a Rutgers researcher finds
A transformative study has provided a profound understanding of glioblastoma's molecular subtypes, revealing the nuances of cellular heterogeneity and the mechanisms behind resistance to treatment. This critical research not only enhances our comprehension of this aggressive cancer but also opens new frontiers for the precision-targeting of therapies, potentially improving patient outcomes significantly.
Researchers led by the University of California, Irvine have discovered how the TREM2 R47H genetic mutation causes certain brain areas to develop abnormal protein clumps, called beta-amyloid plaques, associated with late-onset Alzheimer’s disease.
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