A new guideline from the American Academy of Neurology, developed in full collaboration with the Child Neurology Society, finds that children with microcephaly, that is, children whose head size is smaller than that of 97 percent of children are at risk of neurologic and cognitive problems and should be screened for these problems.
Individuals whose occupation involves contact with pesticides appear to have an increased risk of having Parkinson’s disease, according to a report in the September issue of Archives of Neurology, one of the JAMA/Archives journals.
Among individuals with mild cognitive impairment, often considered a transitional state between normal cognitive function and Alzheimer’s dementia, those who have more difficulties performing routine activities appear more likely to progress quickly to dementia, according to a report in the September issue of Archives of Neurology, one of the JAMA/Archives journals.
Among patients undergoing cardiac surgery, post-operative stroke occurred in approximately 2 percent, was not correlated with significant carotid artery narrowing, but was more common among patients who had combined cardiac and carotid procedures, according to a report in the September issue of Archives of Neurology, one of the JAMA/Archives journals.
A nationwide study led by UCLA shows that clinicians may be able to accurately predict within a week whether a particular depression drug will be effective by using a non-invasive test that takes less than 15 minutes to administer.
Early research holds promise for new therapies and better prediction of patient outcomes.
Patients undergoing brain surgery sometimes are awakened during surgery to talk, so surgeons can steer clear of critical areas. Recent improvements in surgical techniques are improving outcomes.
After suffering from Parkinson's disease for more than 26 years, a 67-year-old man from Germany has become the first person to be implanted with the world's smallest deep brain stimulator.
A key statistic that consumer groups and the media often use when compiling hospital report cards and national rankings can be misleading, researchers report in a new study.
In Neurogenic Communication Disorders: Life Stories and the Narrative Self, University of Arkansas researchers challenge readers to explore “the messy but powerful relationships between communication impairment and maintenance of a viable sense of self.”
The belief that healthy older brains are substantially smaller than younger brains may stem from studies that did not screen out people whose undetected, slowly developing brain disease was killing off cells in key areas, according to new research. As a result, previous findings may have overestimated atrophy and underestimated normal size for the older brain.
Researchers from the University of Haifa discover that the addition of the phosphor molecule to a the NMDA receptor in the brain is a necessary step in memory formation
An international team of scientists has identified two more genetic risk factors for Alzheimer's disease. The group, led by investigators from the School of Medicine at Cardiff in the United Kingdom and including scientists from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, completed the largest genome-wide association study ever involving patients with Alzheimer's disease. The study pooled DNA samples from more than 19,000 older European and U.S. residents. Seven thousand had Alzheimer's disease, and the others had no clinical symptoms of the disorder.
Mount Sinai researchers have found that real-time brain imaging suggests that patients with Borderline Personality Disorder are physically unable to activate neurological networks that can help regulate emotion.
Cities are organized like brains, and the evolution of cities mirrors the evolution of human and animal brains, according to a new study by researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.
New research from Columbia University Medical Center has illuminated a previously unknown leptin-serotonin pathway in the brain that simultaneously promotes appetite and bone mass accrual. The research, which explains how leptin – well-known appetite-suppressing hormone – acts in the brain, is published in the Sept. 4 issue of Cell.
Researchers discovered that moderate-to-severe brain stem trauma stimulates an involuntary rigid-forearm posture, dubbed the fencing response. The presence of a visible, objective symptom of brain injury could be of use to athletic trainers and coaches in making return-to-play decisions.
A researcher at the University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine has been awarded more than $9.8 million to head a five-year National Institute on Aging Program Project Grant.
Researchers at the Mayo Clinic campus in Florida and their collaborators worldwide have discovered that a single gene promotes development of essential tremor in some patients and Parkinson’s disease in others. These are two common but distinct neurological disorders. Notably, patients with essential tremor shake when they move, and Parkinson’s disease patients shake when they are at rest.
Getting a cold, stomach bug or other infection may lead to increased memory loss in people with Alzheimer’s disease, according to research published in the September 8, 2009, print issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.
While smoking cigarettes appears to significantly increase a person’s risk of developing multiple sclerosis, using Swedish snuff does not, according to a study published in the September 1, 2009, print issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) are requesting neurologists to report any possible new cases of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) following 2009 H1N1 flu vaccination using the CDC and U. S. Food and Drug Administration Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS).
Neurosurgeon Keith L. Black, M.D., will receive a Pioneer in Medicine Award at the World Congress of the International Brain Mapping & Intraoperative Surgical Planning Society (IBMISPS).
Dorys Balboa spent 11 years in pain after injuring her low back. Finally, decompression surgery performed at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center last year brought immediate, complete relief.
UCLA and Pittsburgh researchers found that obese people had 8 percent less brain tissue than people with normal weight, while overweight people had 4 percent less tissue.
A new analysis of government data on more than 6,000 American women indicates that deposition of mercury within the human population due to chronic mercury exposure is increasing over time, and that deposition of mercury increases with age. The study demonstrates significant associations between chronic mercury exposure and both the immune and endocrine systems that may explain a mechanism for development of associated neurological disease.
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University have linked areas of brain injury to specific altered mental processes caused by concussions.
A UCLA researcher concludes that sleep's primary function is to increase animals' efficiency and minimize their risk by regulating the duration and timing of their behavior.
New research finds reduced neurophysiological responses to pleasurable activities in newly depressed individuals.
Researchers at the UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School have found that one FDA-approved multiple sclerosis, medication, Betaseron, is more effective than another medication, Copaxone, in limiting the formation of so-called “chronic black holes” in the brain that are believed to represent irreversible damage in multiple sclerosis.
An international group of researchers is the first to show that common variations in a gene – previously shown to be associated with Retts Syndrome, autism, and mental retardation – are associated with differences in brain structure in both healthy individuals and patients with neurological and psychiatric disorders.
People who smoke and have multiple sclerosis (MS) may be at increased risk of brain shrinkage and increased brain lesions related to the disease, according to a study published in the August 18, 2009, print issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. Smoking has already been linked to an increased risk of developing MS.
Sleep patterns can help predict which adolescents might be at greatest risk for developing depression, a researcher at UT Southwestern Medical Center has found in a five-year study.
Possible neurological complications of heart surgery, ranging from headaches to strokes, are detailed in a new report in the online journal MedLink Neurology. For example, complications from bypass surgery can include vision problems, paralysis, hoarseness, movement disorders and disturbances in learning, memory, attention, concentration and mental agility.
Children who have normal IQs before they experience a first seizure may also have problems with language, memory, learning and other cognitive skills, according to a study published in the August 12, 2009, online issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.
A new study by researchers at Wake Forest University School of Medicine may reveal how long-lasting memories form in the brain.
Scientists know that small, grape-like clusters of a protein called the amyloid β-protein are toxic, causing Alzheimer's (AD). By creating various sizes of clusters in the lab that exactly match what forms in AD brains, neurologists at UCLA have determined the toxicity of these clusters, and suggest a target for future drugs.
Areas of brain damage seen on brain scans and originally thought to be related to stroke may help doctors predict a person's risk of memory problems in old age, according to research published in the August 11, 2009, print issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.
Women with epilepsy who have seizures during pregnancy appear more likely to give birth to pre-term, small or low-birth-weight babies than women without epilepsy, according to a report in the August issue of Archives of Neurology, one of the JAMA/Archives journals.
At least one strain of the H5N1 avian influenza virus leaves survivors at significantly increased risk for Parkinson's disease and possibly other neurological problems later in life, according to new research from St. Jude Children's Research Hospital.
For the first time, neurobiologists have interrupted the natural "annual remodeling" of the brain and have shown that there is a direct link between the death of old neurons and their replacement by newly born ones in a living vertebrate.
A new class of molecules capable of blocking the formation of specific protein clumps that are believed to contribute to Alzheimer's disease pathology has been discovered by researchers. By assaying close to 300,000 compounds, they have identified drug-like inhibitors of AD tau protein clumping.
Ten-patient feasibility study shows potential for treating brain disorders with transcranial MR-guided focused ultrasound.
Veterans from around the country are sought for a DOD-funded brain mapping study.
Most people who carry a genetic mutation for a movement disorder called dystonia will never develop symptoms, a phenomenon that has puzzled scientists since the first genetic mutation was identified in the 1990's. Now, scientists at The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research have figured out why these mutation carriers are protected from symptoms of the disorder "“ they have an additional lesion that evens the score.
Researchers at the Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research Center at the University of California San Diego are about to launch a Phase 2 clinical trial to test a gene therapy treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD) called CERE-110. Previously, CERE-110 was carefully studied in animals as well as in a small study to assess safety in humans.
Divers who held their breath for several minutes had elevated levels of a protein that can signal brain damage. However, the appearance of the protein, S100B, was transient and leaves open the question of whether lengthy apnea (breath-holding) can damage the brain over the long term.
People who engage in activities that exercise the brain, such as reading, writing, and playing card games, may delay the rapid memory decline that occurs if they later develop dementia, according to a study published in the August 4, 2009, print issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.
Researchers at the Joslin Diabetes Center have for the first time linked high levels of glutamate "“ a neurotransmitter in the brain produced from glucose "“ in people with type 1 diabetes to symptoms of depression and lower levels of cognitive performance.
Researchers have modeled Parkinson's-associated dementia for the first time, showing that a single night of sleep loss in genetically altered fruit flies caused long-lasting disruptions in the flies' cognitive abilities comparable to aspects of Parkinson's-associated dementia. They then blocked this effect by feeding the flies large doses of the spice curcumin.
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